由于模型错误，无法执行类型记录、NodeJS和后缀

Question

我正试图在NodeJS上运行sequelize。我正在用打字本编写代码，我正在使用的软件版本如下：

NodeJS-14.16.0续写- 6.5.1打字本- 4.2.3

类型记录的构建是正确的，但是当对编译的index.js文件运行节点命令时，我会得到以下错误：

import { DataTypes, Model, Sequelize, TableHints } from 'sequelize';
                    ^^^^^
SyntaxError: Named export 'Model' not found. The requested module 'sequelize' is a CommonJS module, which may not support all module.exports as named exports.
CommonJS modules can always be imported via the default export, for example using:

import pkg from 'sequelize';
const { DataTypes, Model, Sequelize, TableHints } = pkg;

代码是一个简单的index.ts

import { DataTypes, Model, Optional, Sequelize, TableHints } from 'sequelize';

let server = "server";
let database = "db";
let user_name = "user";
let password = "password";

let app_name = "api";

let _mssql_service = new Sequelize(database, user_name, password, {
  dialect: "mssql",
  isolationLevel: TableHints.READUNCOMMITTED,
  host: server,
  dialectOptions: {
    options: {
      appName: app_name,
    },
  },
});

// These are all the attributes in the User model
export interface TrackingAttributes {
  id: number;
  column1: string;
   ...
}

interface TrackingCreationAttributes
  extends Optional<TrackingAttributes, "id"> {}

export class TrackingModel
  extends Model<TrackingAttributes, TrackingCreationAttributes>
  implements TrackingAttributes {
  public id!: number; // Note that the `null assertion` `!` is required in strict mode.
  public column1!: string;
  ...
}

async function test() {
  try {
   TrackingModel.init(
      {
        id: {
          type: DataTypes.INTEGER.UNSIGNED,
          autoIncrement: true,
          primaryKey: true,
        },
        column1: {
          type: DataTypes.STRING(10),
          allowNull: true
        },
      },
      {
        tableName: "table1",
        schema: "schema1",
        sequelize: _mssql_service, // passing the `sequelize` instance is required
      }
    );
    let val = await TrackingModel.findOne({ where: { id: 24 } });
    console.log("Connection has been established successfully.");
    console.log(val);
  } catch (error) {
    console.error("Unable to connect to the database:", error);
  } finally {
    _mssql_service.close();
  }
}
test();

我已经安装并包含在package.json中的下列类型：

“@类型/节点”："^14.14.35“、”@类型/续订“："^4.28.9”、“@类型/验证器”："^13.1.3“

我有下面的tsconfig.json

{
  "compilerOptions": {
    "target": "es2020",
    "module": "esnext",
    "esModuleInterop": true,
    "moduleResolution": "node",
    "strict": true,
    "declaration": true,
    "outDir": "bin",
    "types": ["node"],
    "typeRoots": ["../node_modules/@types"],
    "sourceMap": true
  },
  "include": ["**/*.ts"],
  "exclude": ["tests", "dist", "node_modules", "lib", "bin"]
}

我有下面的package.json

{
  "name": "console-application",
  "version": "1.0.0",
  "description": "",
  "main": "index.js",
  "type": "module",
  "scripts": {
    "test": "echo \"Error: no test specified\" && exit 1"
  },
  "author": "",
  "license": "ISC",
  "dependencies": {
    "sequelize": "^6.5.1"
  },
  "devDependencies": {
    "@types/node": "^14.14.35",
    "@types/validator": "^13.1.3"
  }
}

我很困惑为什么我会得到这个错误，但任何帮助都将不胜感激。

Answer 1

通常，@types/*包与它们提供类型的包的主要版本相匹配。在这种情况下，您有sequelize，v6，但是@types/sequelize，v4，所以它们不匹配。

我看了一下后缀回购，发现它们自v5以来就提供了自己的类型，所以您应该卸载@types/sequelize，因为它们是不需要的，也是引发问题的原因。

请看这里我找到的信息- https://sequelize.org/master/manual/typescript.html

编辑:在OP更新他们的帖子后，关于tsconfig.json/package.json问题的更多信息，包括它。

首先，您需要在依赖项列表中包括typescript。您可以简单地运行npm i typescript (如果需要，也可以使用特定的版本)。

然后，tsconfig.json的问题是，您已经将module编译器选项设置为esnext，但Node不支持这一点(Node确实通过--experimental-modules标志对此进行了实验支持，但我暂时忽略了这一点)。您应该将其设置为commonjs。

工作tsconfig.json

{
  "compilerOptions": {
    "target": "es2020",
    "module": "commonjs",
    "esModuleInterop": true,
    "moduleResolution": "node",
    "strict": true,
    "declaration": true,
    "outDir": "bin",
    "types": ["node"],
    "typeRoots": ["../node_modules/@types"],
    "sourceMap": true
  },
  "include": ["**/*.ts"],
  "exclude": ["tests", "dist", "node_modules", "lib", "bin"]
}

这样，我就能够编译和运行代码了，尽管我现在得到了一个单独的错误，即Error: Please install tedious package manually和sequelize --但这只是一个依赖问题。