为Saxon/C构建Python扩展失败：“找不到vcvarsall.bat”

Question

摘要：安装失败，saxon在Python上

结果来自: saxon-setup.py build_ext -if (见下面的源代码清单)

running build_ext
building 'saxonc' extension
error: Unable to find vcvarsall.bat

我对编译器/编译( .pyx、.cpp、.c、.dll等)缺乏经验。以及如何从python转到编译代码。看起来Saxon是用Java编写的，跨到C源代码，然后在Windows上本地编译，然后添加钩子，这样你就可以从你的获得那个复杂的C代码了，我的头在旋转！)

环境: Python 10， 3.9.2

下面是试图安装的“面包屑”列表，并提供了一些链接：

saxon-c (Home Edition / open-source, easy to install)  
https://www.saxonica.com/download/c.xml  
libsaxon-HEC-win-setup-v1.2.1.exe  
path to setup.py: c:\Program Files\Saxonica\SaxonHEC1.2.1\Saxon.C.API\python-saxon   
Docs:  
https://www.saxonica.com/saxon-c/documentation/index.html#!starting/installingpython  
https://www.saxonica.com/saxon-c/doc/html/saxonc.html  

cython installed via conda (easy)  
https://anaconda.org/anaconda/cython  
https://cython.readthedocs.io/en/latest/  
cython                    0.29.22          py39hd77b12b_0  

setuptools installed via conda (easy)  
https://anaconda.org/anaconda/setuptools  
setuptools                52.0.0           py39haa95532_0  

https://wiki.python.org/moin/WindowsCompilers (required some navigation to avoid the IDE / large download)  
Microsoft Build Tools for Visual Studio 2019.   
C++ build tools  
latest versions of MSVCv142 - VS 2019 C++ x64/x86 build tools and   
Windows 10 SDK    
are checked.   

https://pythonwheels.com/ (brief look - no easy solution)  
https://packaging.python.org/ (brief look - many options, no easy solutions)  
https://www.lfd.uci.edu/~gohlke/pythonlibs/ (brief look - no Saxon)  
https://packaging.python.org/guides/installing-scientific-packages/#the-conda-cross-platform-package-manager  
(I wish Saxon was a "scientific" package with a simple conda install.)  

saxon-setup.py清单-结果出错:找不到vcvarsall.bat

from distutils.core import setup
from distutils.extension import Extension
from Cython.Distutils import build_ext
from Cython.Build import cythonize
    
setup(ext_modules=cythonize(    #Long line reformatted here for readability. see original
[Extension("saxonc", 
["saxonc.pyx", 
"../SaxonProcessor.cpp", 
"../SaxonCGlue.c", 
"../SaxonCXPath.c", 
"../XdmValue.cpp", 
"../XdmItem.cpp", 
"../XdmNode.cpp", 
"../XdmAtomicValue.cpp", 
"../XsltProcessor.cpp",
"../Xslt30Processor.cpp", 
"../XQueryProcessor.cpp",
"../XPathProcessor.cpp",
"../SchemaValidator.cpp"], language="c++",
)]),include_dirs = ['../jni', "../jni/unix"],
cmdclass = {'build_ext': build_ext}
)

下一次尝试(评论后)在Anaconda Promp (miniconda3)中尝试将Anaconda与Powershell联系起来

conda update conda
activate xml   #my xml conda environment
conda init

我关闭并重新打开Anaconda提示(显示先前init的结果，如下所示)

(xml) C:\Users\rick>conda init
no change     C:\Users\rick\miniconda3\Scripts\conda.exe
no change     C:\Users\rick\miniconda3\Scripts\conda-env.exe
no change     C:\Users\rick\miniconda3\Scripts\conda-script.py
no change     C:\Users\rick\miniconda3\Scripts\conda-env-script.py
no change     C:\Users\rick\miniconda3\condabin\conda.bat
no change     C:\Users\rick\miniconda3\Library\bin\conda.bat
no change     C:\Users\rick\miniconda3\condabin\_conda_activate.bat
no change     C:\Users\rick\miniconda3\condabin\rename_tmp.bat
no change     C:\Users\rick\miniconda3\condabin\conda_auto_activate.bat
no change     C:\Users\rick\miniconda3\condabin\conda_hook.bat
no change     C:\Users\rick\miniconda3\Scripts\activate.bat
no change     C:\Users\rick\miniconda3\condabin\activate.bat
no change     C:\Users\rick\miniconda3\condabin\deactivate.bat
no change     C:\Users\rick\miniconda3\Scripts\activate
no change     C:\Users\rick\miniconda3\Scripts\deactivate
no change     C:\Users\rick\miniconda3\etc\profile.d\conda.sh
no change     C:\Users\rick\miniconda3\etc\fish\conf.d\conda.fish
no change     C:\Users\rick\miniconda3\shell\condabin\Conda.psm1
no change     C:\Users\rick\miniconda3\shell\condabin\conda-hook.ps1
no change     C:\Users\rick\miniconda3\Lib\site-packages\xontrib\conda.xsh
no change     C:\Users\rick\miniconda3\etc\profile.d\conda.csh
no change     C:\Users\rick\Documents\WindowsPowerShell\profile.ps1
no change     HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Command Processor\AutoRun
No action taken.

我以管理员身份运行Powershell。

PS C:\Program Files\Saxonica\SaxonHEC1.2.1\Saxon.C.API\python-saxon> py --version
py : The term 'py' is not recognized ...

PS C:\Program Files\Saxonica\SaxonHEC1.2.1\Saxon.C.API\python-saxon> python --version
Python 3.9.2

PS C:\Program Files\Saxonica\SaxonHEC1.2.1\Saxon.C.API\python-saxon> python saxon-setup.py build_ext -if
running build_ext
building 'saxonc' extension
error: Unable to find vcvarsall.bat

不确定这是否有什么帮助

C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2019\BuildTools\MSBuild\Current>csc /version
3.9.0-6.21160.10 (59eedc33)

第三次尝试(在评论之后)得到了编译--见答案。

Answer 1

完全安装C++编译器解决了“错误:找不到vcvarsall.bat”。

如果您只是安装MicrosoftBuildToolsforVisualStudio2019，并选中了: C++ Build、最新版本的MSVCv142 - VS 2019 C++ x64/x86构建工具和Windows10SDK，您将错过一些必需的组件。

解决方案是返回到Build安装程序，并安装整个"C++构建工具“组件集。如果您忽略了这一点，只需再次运行(它只是一个安装程序)，然后修改您的安装，从主页中选择C++构建工具：

​

​

这将为您选择一组组件，安装将很大(很多gigs)，但是它将为Python编译。

安装之后，标准Windows安装程序列表展开，包括：

微软Visual 2010 AddOn

• Microfsoft Office

• Microsoft

• Web Deploy 4.0

• Microsoft Visual Studio 2010 Tools for Office

• Microsoft Visual C++ 2015-2019可再发行(x86)

• Microsoft Visual C++ 2015-2019可再发行(x64)

要在anaconda环境中编译：

以管理员身份打开Anaconda Powershell提示符

PS cd C:\Program Files\Saxonica\SaxonHEC1.2.1\Saxon.C.API\python-saxon
PS C:\WINDOWS\system32> conda activate xml #xml here is my conda environment to sandbox the new software and try it out
PS C:\Program Files\Saxonica\SaxonHEC1.2.1\Saxon.C.API\python-saxon> get-executionpolicy
Bypass  
#sometimes Powershell has permission restrictions on scripts running just checking here
$Env:PYTHONPATH += ";C:\Program Files\Saxonica\SaxonHEC1.2.1\Saxon.C.API\python-saxon"  #PYTHONPATH env variable was blank ahead of this

python saxon-setup.py build_ext -if

需要一段时间才能讨好

readme.txt说要安装文档化，但是没有找到：

(xml) C:\Users\rick>pydoc -w saxonc
No Python documentation found for 'saxonc'.