我正在尝试实现函数(1),以便在struct数组中按名称查找特定的产品。p_array是包含n个产品的结构数组,search_key是指向搜索结构名称的字符串的指针,cmp是指向我实现的另一个函数(2)的指针。
/* (1) */
const Product* findProduct(const Product* p_array, const char* search_key, int (*cmp)(const void*, const void*))
{
return bsearch(&search_key, p_array, 100, sizeof(Product), cmp);
}
/* (2) */
int compareAlpha(const void* a, const void* b)
{
const struct Product *shop_a = a;
const struct Product *shop_b = b;
int ret = strcmp(shop_a->name,shop_b->name);
return ret;
}我有以下问题:
我想不出一种方法来找出p_array
我的主要职能是:
void printProducts(Product* array)
{
int i = 0;
while(array[i].name[0] != 0)
{
printf("product: %s\tprice: %f\t in stock: %d\n", array[i].name, array[i].price, array[i].in_stock);
i++;
}
}
int main()
{
Product array[6] = {
{"peanut butter", 1.2, 5},
{"cookies", 12.3, 23},
{"cereals", 3.2, 12},
{"bread", 2.7, 12},
{"butter", 4.2, 5},
{"\0", 0.0, 0}
};
qsort(array, 5, sizeof(Product), compareAlpha);
printf("sorted lexically:\n");
printProducts(array);
const Product* search = findProduct(array, "cookies", compareAlpha);
if(search)
{
printf("Found product:\n");
printf("%s\n", search->name);
}
qsort(array, 5, sizeof(Product), compareNum);
printf("sorted by in stock:\n");
printProducts(array);
return 0;
}想要的输出是
sorted lexically:
product: bread price: 2.700000 in stock: 12
product: butter price: 4.200000 in stock: 5
product: cereals price: 3.200000 in stock: 12
product: cookies price: 12.300000 in stock: 23
product: peanut butter price: 1.200000 in stock: 5
Found product:
cookies
Product not found!
sorted by in stock:
product: cookies price: 12.300000 in stock: 23
product: bread price: 2.700000 in stock: 12
product: cereals price: 3.200000 in stock: 12
product: butter price: 4.200000 in stock: 5
product: peanut butter price: 1.200000 in stock: 5发布于 2021-03-28 00:32:29
您的代码中有几个错误:
compareAlpha()函数中是不可能的。您应该编写const struct Product* shop_a = (const struct Product*)a;printProducts()函数,您应该将array[i].name[0]与空字符'\0'进行比较,而不是0--即在printProducts()函数中的参数array,生成一个警告。您将array声明为静态数组,而不是作为指针(尽管它本身是实现的,并且可以作为指针访问),这将生成警告。相反,您应该像下面这样传递它-- void printProducts(Product array[]).findProduct()函数,在调用bsearch()函数时,传递参数作为&search_key进行搜索。相反,您应该在没有&.findProduct()的返回类型应该是void*,而不是const Product*,因为bsearch()函数的返回类型是void*。因此,在从const Product*.findProduct(),在某些地方使用Product类型时没有使用struct关键字。在c++中,它是可选的,但在C中它是强制性的。的长度
您可以找到类似于此int size = sizeof(array) / sizeof(array[0]);的数组的大小,尽管不建议这样做,因为它依赖于编译器。
下面是完全工作的代码,上面提到的所有错误/警告都被纠正了.
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
struct Product{
char name[100];
double price;
int in_stock;
};
int compareAlpha(const void* a, const void* b)
{
const struct Product* shop_a = (const struct Product*)a;
const struct Product* shop_b = (const struct Product*)b;
int ret = strcmp(shop_a->name, shop_b->name);
return ret;
}
int compareNum(const void* a, const void* b)
{
const struct Product* shop_a = (const struct Product*)a;
const struct Product* shop_b = (const struct Product*)b;
int ret = shop_a->in_stock <= shop_b->in_stock;
return ret;
}
void* findProduct(struct Product p_array[], const char* search_key, int (*cmp)(const void*, const void*))
{
return bsearch(search_key, (void*)p_array, 5, sizeof(struct Product), cmp);
}
void printProducts(struct Product array[])
{
int i = 0;
while(array[i].name[0] != '\0')
{
printf("product: %s\tprice: %f\t in stock: %d\n", array[i].name, array[i].price, array[i].in_stock);
i++;
}
}
int main()
{
struct Product array[6] = {
{"peanut butter", 1.2, 5},
{"cookies", 12.3, 23},
{"cereals", 3.2, 12},
{"bread", 2.7, 12},
{"butter", 4.2, 5},
{"\0", 0.0, 0}
};
qsort(array, 5, sizeof(struct Product), compareAlpha);
printf("sorted lexically:\n");
printProducts(array);
const struct Product* search = (const struct Product*)findProduct(array, "cookies", compareAlpha);
if(search)
{
printf("Found product:\n");
printf("%s\n", search->name);
}else{
printf("Product not found!\n");
}
qsort(array, 5, sizeof(struct Product), compareNum);
printf("sorted by in stock:\n");
printProducts(array);
return 0;
}https://stackoverflow.com/questions/66835479
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