函数不返回y值

Question

我基本上是在做一个计数器，它计算一个名字出现在一个列表中的次数。我试图使用一个函数，这样我就可以很容易地对所有的名字做它。当我不让代码成为一个函数时，它工作得很好，但一旦我这样做，它就不再返回y的值。

#
animal_types=['Elephant', 'Rhinoceros', 'Lion','Water Buffalo','Leopard','Giraffe','Giraffe','Ghu','Thompson Gazelle','Dik Dik','Zebra','Baboon','Hyena','Hippopotamus','Crocodile','Ostrich','Wild Dog','WartHog','Vulture']

short_animal_list = ['Baboon', 'Gnu', 'WartHog', 'Gnu', 'Vulture', 'Gnu', 'Gnu', 'Gnu', 'Zebra', 'WartHog', 'Zebra', 'Zebra', 'Leopard', 'Gnu', 'Gnu', 'Elephant', 'Gnu']

medium_animal_list = ['Thompson Gazelle', 'Gnu', 'Lion', 'Vulture', 'Zebra', 'Thompson Gazelle', 'Zebra', 'Hyena', 'Thompson Gazelle', 'Thompson Gazelle', 'Hyena', 'Gnu', 'Vulture', 'Vulture', 'Leopard', 'Zebra', 'Zebra', 'Crocodile', 'Zebra', 'Gnu', 'Gnu', 'Vulture', 'Hippopotamus', 'Gnu', 'Gnu', 'Zebra', 'Baboon', 'Vulture', 'Baboon', 'Baboon', 'WartHog', 'Gnu', 'Baboon', 'Zebra', 'Dik Dik', 'Rhinoceros', 'Gnu', 'Gnu', 'Zebra', 'Thompson Gazelle', 'Hyena', 'Zebra', 'Hippopotamus', 'Zebra', 'Giraffe', 'Zebra', 'Hyena', 'Zebra', 'Crocodile', 'WartHog', 'Zebra', 'Thompson Gazelle', 'Zebra', 'Zebra', 'Zebra', 'Zebra', 'Gnu', 'Hippopotamus', 'Gnu', 'Gnu', 'Elephant', 'Baboon', 'Gnu', 'Gnu', 'Gnu', 'Crocodile', 'Giraffe', 'Gnu', 'Thompson Gazelle', 'Gnu', 'Dik Dik', 'Baboon', 'Gnu', 'Vulture', 'Thompson Gazelle', 'Zebra', 'Gnu', 'Leopard', 'Vulture', 'Gnu', 'Dik Dik', 'Thompson Gazelle', 'Elephant', 'Gnu', 'Vulture', 'Crocodile', 'Zebra', 'Gnu', 'Rhinoceros', 'Zebra', 'Vulture', 'Gnu', 'Thompson Gazelle', 'Zebra', 'Zebra', 'Dik Dik', 'Gnu', 'Zebra', 'Gnu', 'Gnu', 'Zebra', 'Thompson Gazelle', 'Elephant', 'Hippopotamus', 'Baboon', 'Zebra', 'WartHog', 'Gnu', 'Gnu', 'Zebra', 'Zebra', 'Gnu', 'Gnu', 'Gnu', 'Thompson Gazelle', 'Gnu', 'Elephant', 'Thompson Gazelle', 'Vulture', 'Zebra', 'Hyena', 'Baboon', 'Thompson Gazelle', 'Gnu', 'Zebra', 'Thompson Gazelle', 'Baboon', 'Gnu', 'Gnu', 'Thompson Gazelle', 'Zebra', 'Gnu', 'Hippopotamus', 'Crocodile', 'Thompson Gazelle', 'Gnu', 'Dik Dik', 'Vulture', 'Gnu', 'Zebra', 'Zebra', 'Zebra', 'Zebra', 'Thompson Gazelle', 'Dik Dik', 'Zebra', 'Baboon', 'Gnu', 'Zebra', 'Zebra', 'Vulture', 'Zebra', 'Gnu', 'Gnu', 'Thompson Gazelle', 'Giraffe', 'Zebra', 'Zebra', 'Hyena', 'Crocodile', 'WartHog', 'Zebra', 'Zebra', 'Giraffe', 'Hyena', 'Giraffe', 'Vulture', 'Zebra', 'Zebra', 'Vulture', 'Baboon', 'WartHog', 'Zebra', 'Gnu', 'Gnu', 'Hyena']

/*
* 提示：该行代码过长，系统自动注释不进行高亮。一键复制会移除系统注释 
* long_animal_list = ['WartHog', 'Gnu', 'Thompson Gazelle', 'Zebra', 'Gnu', 'Zebra', 'Lion', 'Gnu', 'Thompson Gazelle', 'Thompson Gazelle', 'Thompson Gazelle', 'Lion', 'Gnu', 'Vulture', 'Crocodile', 'Zebra', 'Gnu', 'Lion', 'Gnu', 'Gnu', 'Gnu', 'Zebra', 'Thompson Gazelle', 'Gnu', 'Zebra', 'Crocodile', 'Thompson Gazelle', 'Hyena', 'Zebra', 'Hyena', 'Zebra', 'Thompson Gazelle', 'Dik Dik', 'Baboon', 'Thompson Gazelle', 'Vulture', 'Elephant', 'Vulture', 'Vulture', 'WartHog', 'Zebra', 'Giraffe', 'Gnu', 'Hyena', 'Crocodile', 'Gnu', 'Gnu', 'Hippopotamus', 'Gnu', 'Thompson Gazelle', 'Gnu', 'Vulture', 'Gnu', 'Thompson Gazelle', 'Gnu', 'Dik Dik', 'Zebra', 'Zebra', 'WartHog', 'Gnu', 'Baboon', 'Gnu', 'Hyena', 'Vulture', 'Gnu', 'Zebra', 'WartHog', 'Gnu', 'Gnu', 'Zebra', 'Thompson Gazelle', 'Hyena', 'WartHog', 'Elephant', 'Giraffe', 'Elephant', 'Thompson Gazelle', 'Vulture', 'Zebra', 'WartHog', 'Zebra', 'Vulture', 'Thompson Gazelle', 'Gnu', 'Gnu', 'Thompson Gazelle', 'Zebra', 'Elephant', 'WartHog', 'Vulture', 'WartHog', 'Thompson Gazelle', 'Gnu', 'Dik Dik', 'Gnu', 'Zebra', 'Crocodile', 'Leopard', 'Thompson Gazelle', 'Zebra', 'Zebra', 'Thompson Gazelle', 'Gnu', 'Gnu', 'Zebra', 'Gnu', 'Water Buffalo', 'Zebra', 'Vulture', 'Gnu', 'Thompson Gazelle', 'Thompson Gazelle', 'Baboon', 'Thompson Gazelle', 'Wild Dog', 'Zebra', 'Thompson Gazelle', 'Vulture', 'Thompson Gazelle', 'Baboon', 'Baboon', 'Zebra', 'Zebra', 'Gnu', 'Zebra', 'Gnu', 'Gnu', 'Crocodile', 'WartHog', 'Zebra', 'Thompson Gazelle', 'Gnu', 'Zebra', 'Vulture', 'Baboon', 'Zebra', 'Hippopotamus', 'Water Buffalo', 'Dik Dik', 'Gnu', 'Gnu', 'Thompson Gazelle', 'Thompson Gazelle', 'Elephant', 'Gnu', 'Hyena', 'Zebra', 'Water Buffalo', 'Gnu', 'Baboon', 'Gnu', 'Dik Dik', 'Gnu', 'Zebra', 'Rhinoceros', 'Thompson Gazelle', 'Zebra', 'Thompson Gazelle', 'Gnu', 'Thompson Gazelle', 'Gnu', 'Zebra', 'Gnu', 'Gnu', 'Thompson Gazelle', 'Zebra', 'Water Buffalo', 'Gnu', 'Thompson Gazelle', 'Zebra', 'Hyena', 'Zebra', 'Gnu', 'Thompson Gazelle', 'Zebra', 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'Thompson Gazelle', 'Vulture', 'Gnu', 'Gnu', 'Thompson Gazelle', 'Gnu', 'Zebra', 'Thompson Gazelle', 'Zebra', 'Elephant', 'Baboon', 'Zebra', 'Gnu', 'Zebra', 'Zebra', 'Gnu', 'Gnu', 'Baboon', 'Elephant', 'Zebra', 'Baboon', 'Zebra', 'Lion', 'Baboon', 'Zebra', 'Zebra', 'Zebra', 'Zebra', 'Zebra', 'Thompson Gazelle', 'Thompson Gazelle', 'Zebra', 'Thompson Gazelle', 'Elephant', 'Zebra', 'Gnu', 'Zebra', 'Vulture', 'Cheetah', 'Water Buffalo', 'Zebra', 'Gnu', 'Thompson Gazelle', 'Zebra', 'Gnu', 'Zebra', 'Zebra', 'Gnu', 'WartHog', 'Zebra', 'Dik Dik', 'Gnu', 'Thompson Gazelle', 'Gnu', 'Zebra', 'Giraffe', 'Hyena', 'Gnu', 'Vulture', 'Zebra', 'Thompson Gazelle', 'Zebra', 'Water Buffalo', 'Leopard', 'Elephant', 'Zebra', 'Thompson Gazelle', 'Gnu', 'Thompson Gazelle', 'Zebra', 'Hyena', 'Leopard', 'Thompson Gazelle', 'Zebra', 'Zebra', 'Baboon', 'Giraffe', 'Gnu', 'Vulture', 'Gnu', 'Gnu', 'Gnu', 'Gnu', 'WartHog', 'Leopard', 'Zebra', 'Thompson Gazelle', 'Vulture', 'Baboon', 'Gnu', 'Baboon', 'Zebra', 'Gnu', 'Ostrich', 'Ostrich', 'Zebra', 'Hippopotamus', 'Vulture', 'Crocodile', 'Thompson Gazelle', 'Thompson Gazelle', 'Dik Dik', 'Gnu', 'Zebra', 'Gnu', 'Zebra', 'Crocodile', 'Gnu', 'Baboon', 'Gnu', 'Gnu', 'Gnu', 'Gnu', 'Thompson Gazelle', 'Zebra', 'Zebra', 'Crocodile', 'Gnu', 'Dik Dik', 'Rhinoceros', 'Vulture', 'Gnu', 'Hyena', 'Gnu', 'Lion', 'Zebra', 'Gnu', 'Gnu', 'Gnu', 'Zebra', 'Thompson Gazelle', 'Baboon', 'Thompson Gazelle', 'Zebra', 'Gnu', 'Gnu', 'Gnu', 'Vulture', 'Gnu', 'Gnu', 'Zebra', 'Water Buffalo', 'Zebra', 'Thompson Gazelle', 'Zebra', 'Zebra', 'Zebra', 'Thompson Gazelle', 'Water Buffalo', 'Gnu', 'Giraffe', 'Thompson Gazelle', 'Crocodile', 'Gnu', 'Gnu', 'Gnu', 'Vulture', 'Elephant', 'Gnu', 'WartHog', 'Gnu', 'Gnu', 'Lion', 'Dik Dik', 'Gnu', 'Gnu', 'Zebra', 'Vulture', 'Gnu', 'WartHog', 'Gnu', 'Gnu', 'Gnu', 'Gnu', 'Vulture', 'Zebra', 'Gnu', 'WartHog', 'WartHog', 'Gnu', 'Hyena', 'Vulture', 'Vulture', 'Thompson Gazelle', 'Zebra', 'Zebra', 'Thompson Gazelle', 'Thompson Gazelle', 'Zebra', 'Zebra', 'WartHog', 'Vulture', 'Zebra', 'Crocodile', 'Elephant', 'Thompson Gazelle', 'Lion', 'Thompson Gazelle', 'Hyena', 'Gnu', 'Thompson Gazelle', 'Vulture', 'Gnu', 'Thompson Gazelle', 'Baboon', 'Zebra', 'Vulture', 'Zebra', 'Thompson Gazelle', 'Zebra', 'Vulture', 'Gnu', 'Baboon', 'Thompson Gazelle', 'Gnu', 'Thompson Gazelle', 'Rhinoceros', 'Gnu', 'Zebra', 'Gnu', 'Gnu', 'Gnu', 'Zebra', 'Gnu', 'Gnu', 'Vulture', 'Elephant', 'Baboon', 'Baboon', 'Vulture', 'Zebra', 'Zebra', 'Gnu', 'Zebra', 'Thompson Gazelle', 'Zebra', 'Thompson Gazelle', 'Vulture', 'Wild Dog', 'Zebra', 'WartHog', 'Thompson Gazelle', 'Gnu', 'Zebra', 'Thompson Gazelle', 'Zebra', 'Gnu', 'Gnu', 'Zebra', 'Gnu', 'Vulture', 'Gnu', 'Baboon', 'Thompson Gazelle', 'Gnu', 'Baboon', 'Giraffe', 'Gnu', 'Zebra', 'Thompson Gazelle', 'Thompson Gazelle', 'Lion', 'Lion', 'Gnu', 'Lion', 'Zebra', 'Gnu', 'Thompson Gazelle', 'Zebra', 'Giraffe', 'Gnu', 'Thompson Gazelle', 'Zebra', 'Gnu', 'Hippopotamus', 'Water Buffalo', 'Gnu', 'Giraffe', 'Gnu', 'Vulture', 'Gnu', 'Baboon', 'Gnu', 'Gnu', 'Dik Dik', 'Zebra', 'Zebra', 'Giraffe', 'Gnu', 'Zebra', 'Gnu', 'Baboon', 'Zebra', 'Elephant', 'Zebra', 'Gnu', 'Hyena', 'Zebra', 'Crocodile', 'Gnu', 'Thompson Gazelle', 'Giraffe', 'Wild Dog', 'Gnu', 'Thompson Gazelle', 'Thompson Gazelle', 'Crocodile', 'Thompson Gazelle', 'Gnu', 'Thompson Gazelle', 'Giraffe', 'Baboon', 'Gnu', 'Thompson Gazelle', 'Gnu', 'Gnu', 'Thompson Gazelle', 'WartHog', 'Thompson Gazelle', 'Thompson Gazelle', 'Hyena', 'Hyena', 'Thompson Gazelle', 'Gnu', 'Zebra', 'Thompson Gazelle', 'WartHog', 'Zebra', 'Gnu', 'Zebra', 'Thompson Gazelle', 'Hippopotamus', 'Elephant', 'Gnu', 'Baboon', 'Vulture', 'Elephant', 'Baboon', 'Hyena', 'Crocodile', 'Gnu', 'Elephant', 'Crocodile', 'Zebra', 'Thompson Gazelle', 'Thompson Gazelle', 'Gnu', 'Zebra', 'Gnu', 'Zebra', 'Hippopotamus', 'Hyena', 'Hippopotamus', 'Thompson Gazelle', 'Gnu', 'Thompson Gazelle', 'Gnu', 'Zebra', 'Thompson Gazelle', 'Baboon', 'Zebra', 'Gnu', 'Hyena', 'Gnu', 'Hippopotamus', 'Gnu', 'WartHog', 'Elephant', 'Vulture', 'Thompson Gazelle', 'Zebra', 'Thompson Gazelle', 'Water Buffalo', 'Zebra', 'Giraffe', 'Baboon', 'Water Buffalo', 'WartHog', 'Zebra', 'Gnu', 'Zebra', 'Zebra', 'Zebra', 'Thompson Gazelle', 'Gnu', 'Gnu', 'Zebra', 'Zebra', 'Leopard', 'Vulture', 'Gnu', 'Thompson Gazelle', 'Rhinoceros', 'Gnu', 'Zebra', 'Thompson Gazelle', 'Gnu', 'Gnu', 'Gnu', 'Gnu', 'Gnu', 'Gnu', 'Zebra', 'Thompson Gazelle', 'Thompson Gazelle', 'Gnu', 'Gnu', 'Lion', 'Gnu', 'Gnu', 'Crocodile', 'Thompson Gazelle', 'Gnu', 'Gnu', 'Gnu', 'Gnu', 'Baboon', 'Thompson Gazelle', 'Gnu', 'Vulture', 'Elephant', 'Thompson Gazelle', 'Gnu', 'Vulture', 'Thompson Gazelle', 'Zebra', 'WartHog', 'Zebra', 'Thompson Gazelle', 'Giraffe', 'Giraffe', 'WartHog', 'Gnu', 'Gnu', 'Thompson Gazelle', 'Gnu', 'Gnu', 'Zebra', 'Thompson Gazelle']
*/

#print(short_animal_list)
#print(medium_animal_list)
#print(long_animal_list)

# 1) Pick an animal from the 'animal_types' list and count 
# how many there are in the 'short_animal_list'.  Then count 
# from the 'medium' list and the 'long' list

# 2) Look at the 'animal_types' list and count the number of 
# each animal from the short, medium, and ling list

elephant_count = 0
lion_count = 0
gnu_count = 0
#-------------------------------
# ---- Enter Your Code Here ----
def Counter(x,y) :
  for i in short_animal_list :
    if i == x :
      y = y + 1
      print(i)
      print('found',i)
      return (y)

Counter('Gnu',gnu_count)





#-------------------------------
# Output
print('Animal Count')
print('Elephants = ',elephant_count)
print('Lions = ',lion_count)
print("Gnu = ",gnu_count)

Answer 1

您的代码有几个问题。

1. 为什么要在函数中传递计数器。创建一个变量和内部函数。
2. 您没有从函数捕获返回值。
3. 您在错误的位置缩进了返回值。

样本代码：

def Counter(x) :
    y = 0                  # local
    for i in short_animal_list :
        if i == x :
          y = y + 1
          print(i)
          print('found',i)
    return (y)             # return outside for loop

gnu_count = Counter('Gnu') # save return value

增强型守则：

def Counter(x, list_input) :
    y = 0                  # local
    for i in list_input:
        if i == x :
          y = y + 1
          print(i)
          print('found',i)
    return (y)             # return outside for loop

short_gnu_count = Counter('Gnu', short_animal_list ) # save return value
mid_gnu_count = Counter('Gnu', medium_animal_list ) # save return value

Answer 2

函数内部的赋值不会修改全局变量。若要从函数内部修改全局变量，请使用全局关键字，如下所示。

def Counter(x,y) :
  for i in short_animal_list :
    if i == x :
      y = y + 1
      print(i)
      print('found',i)
      print(y)
      global gnu_count
      gnu_count = y
      return (y)