如何通过"KeyRelease“函数中的lambda传递更改的值？

Question

每次用户输入正确的答案时，我都想更改分数标签，但是当我输入正确的答案时，分数会增加到10，但是生成的下一个方程的预期新答案不会改变，并且保持在它开始时的初始值，因为"check“函数接收前面分配的"ans”变量。

我怎样才能解决这个问题？

def check(ans, text:tkinter.Text,score,current_stage,q_num,eq, event=None):
    
    ans = calc(eq)

    print(f"real answear = {ans}")
    temp = str(text.get("0.0", "end").strip())
    print(f"my answear = {temp}")

    if str(text.get("0.0", "end").strip()) == str(ans):
         is_correct = True       
    else:
         is_correct = False

    if is_correct:
        ans = calc(eq)
        score += 10
        q_num += 1
        inputtxt.delete(1.0,END)

        eq = generate_equation(stage=current_stage)
        ans = calc(eq)
        score_label_new    = tkinter.Label(master=master, text=f"Score: {score}").grid(row=0, column=1, sticky=W)
        question_label_new = tkinter.Label(master=master, text=f"{q_num}: {eq}").grid(row=0, column=0, sticky=W)
        stage_label_new    = tkinter.Label(master = master,text=f"Stage: {current_stage}").grid(row=0, column= 3,sticky=W)

        if score % 100 == 0:
            current_stage += 1

    else:
        inputtxt.grid()
    

master = tkinter.Tk()
master.title("Math")
master.geometry('400x400')

eq  = generate_equation(stage=current_stage)
ans = calc(eq)

score_label    = tkinter.Label(master=master, text=f"score: {score}").grid(row=0, column=1, sticky=W)
question_label = tkinter.Label(master=master, text=f"{q_num}: {eq}").grid(row=0, column=0, sticky=W)
stage_label    = tkinter.Label(master = master,text=f"Stage: {current_stage}").grid(row=0, column= 3,sticky=W)

inputtxt = tkinter.Text(master=master, height=5, width=20)

inputtxt.bind("<KeyRelease>", 
lambda
 ans=ans,
 text=inputtxt,
 score = score,
 current_stage = current_stage,
 q_num=q_num,
 eq = eq: 
 #linked ==>
check(ans, text,score,current_stage,q_num,eq))


inputtxt.grid()

master.mainloop()

Answer 1

这能做你想做的。您不希望在您的lambda中捕获任何这些全局值；您总是希望引用这些全局元素本身。最好将您的状态信息存储在某种状态类中，这样您就不会真正使用globals了，但这是可行的。请注意，我必须伪造您的calc和generate_equation函数，因为您没有给出一个完整的、可运行的示例：

import tkinter 
from tkinter import W,END
import random

def calc(eq):
    return int(eq)

def generate_equation(stage=0):
    return str(random.randint(0,100))

current_stage = 1
score = 0
q_num = 1

def check(text:tkinter.Text, event=None):
    global eq 
    global score
    global q_num
    global current_stage
    ans = calc(eq)

    print(f"real answear = {ans}")
    temp = str(text.get("0.0", "end").strip())
    print(f"my answear = {temp}")

    if str(text.get("0.0", "end").strip()) == str(ans):
         is_correct = True       
    else:
         is_correct = False

    if is_correct:
        score += 10
        q_num += 1
        inputtxt.delete(1.0,END)

        eq = generate_equation(stage=current_stage)
        score_label_new    = tkinter.Label(master=master, text=f"Score: {score}").grid(row=0, column=1, sticky=W)
        question_label_new = tkinter.Label(master=master, text=f"{q_num}: {eq}").grid(row=0, column=0, sticky=W)
        stage_label_new    = tkinter.Label(master = master,text=f"Stage: {current_stage}").grid(row=0, column= 3,sticky=W)

        if score % 100 == 0:
            current_stage += 1

    else:
        inputtxt.grid()
    

master = tkinter.Tk()
master.title("Math")
master.geometry('400x400')

eq  = generate_equation(stage=current_stage)
ans = calc(eq)

score_label    = tkinter.Label(master=master, text=f"score: {score}").grid(row=0, column=1, sticky=W)
question_label = tkinter.Label(master=master, text=f"{q_num}: {eq}").grid(row=0, column=0, sticky=W)
stage_label    = tkinter.Label(master = master,text=f"Stage: {current_stage}").grid(row=0, column= 3,sticky=W)

inputtxt = tkinter.Text(master=master, height=5, width=20)

inputtxt.bind("<KeyRelease>", lambda ev: check(inputtxt,ev))

inputtxt.grid()

master.mainloop()

这里有一个使用简单类的版本。我还将其更改为更新三个标签中的文本，而不是每次创建新控件。

import tkinter 
from tkinter import W,END
import random

def calc(eq):
    return int(eq)

def generate_equation(stage=0):
    return str(random.randint(0,100))

class State:
    current_stage = 1
    score = 0
    q_num = 1
    eq  = generate_equation(stage=current_stage)

    def check(self, text:tkinter.Text, event=None):
        ans = calc(self.eq)

        print(f"real answer = {ans}")
        temp = text.get("0.0", "end").strip()
        print(f"my answer = {temp}")

        is_correct = text.get("0.0", "end").strip() == str(ans)

        if is_correct:
            self.score += 10
            self.q_num += 1
            inputtxt.delete(1.0,END)

            self.eq = generate_equation(stage=self.current_stage)
            score_label.configure(text=f"Score: {state.score}")
            question_label.configure(text=f"{state.q_num}: {state.eq}")
            stage_label.configure(text=f"Stage: {state.current_stage}")

            if self.score % 100 == 0:
                self.current_stage += 1

        else:
            inputtxt.grid()

state = State()

master = tkinter.Tk()
master.title("Math")
master.geometry('400x400')

score_label    = tkinter.Label(master=master, text=f"score: {state.score}")
score_label.grid(row=0, column=1, sticky=W)
question_label = tkinter.Label(master=master, text=f"{state.q_num}: {state.eq}")
question_label.grid(row=0, column=0, sticky=W)
stage_label    = tkinter.Label(master = master,text=f"Stage: {state.current_stage}")
stage_label.grid(row=0, column= 3,sticky=W)

inputtxt = tkinter.Text(master=master, height=5, width=20)

inputtxt.bind("<KeyRelease>", lambda ev: state.check(inputtxt,ev))

inputtxt.grid()

master.mainloop()