在Dockerfile中运行时，NestJ无法找到任何模块

Question

我有一个Dockerfile，它应该运行我的nest.js项目：

# syntax:docker/dockerfile:1

#base
FROM node:16.14.2-alpine AS base

ENV NODE_ENV=production

WORKDIR /app

RUN npm i -g npm@8.19.3 @nestjs/cli

COPY ["./package.json", "./"]

#dev
FROM base AS dev

RUN npm i
COPY . .

CMD ["npm", "run", "start:dev"]

#prod
FROM base AS prod

COPY . .

RUN npm i --frozen-lockfile --production

CMD ["npm", "run", "start:prod"]

当我用这个连接程序运行它时：

version: '3.9'

services:

  backend:                                      #THE BACKEND SIDE OF OUR APP ITSELF :
    build:
      context: ./back 
      #dockerfile: ./back/Dockerfile
      target: dev #for multi stage
    env_file:
      - ./env/back.env
    ports:
      - 2000:2000
    volumes:
      - ./back:/app
    networks:
      - backend
    depends_on:
      - database
    restart: unless-stopped

  database:                                      #THE POSTGRESQL DATABASE
    image: postgres:latest
    restart: unless-stopped
    ports:
      - 5432:5432
  #  env_file:
  #    - ./env/postgres.env
    environment:
      POSTGRES_USER: transcendeur
      POSTGRES_PASSWORD: bigData
      POSTGRES_DB: transcendb
    networks:
      - backend
    volumes:
      - postgres:/var/lib/postgresql/data

  databaseadmin:                                 #THE DATABASE 'ADMIN GRAPHICAL INTERFACE'
    image: dpage/pgadmin4:latest
    restart: unless-stopped
    ports:
      - 5050:80
    env_file:
      - ./env/pgadmin.env
    environment:
      PGADMIN_DEFAULT_EMAIL: nidma@nidma.com
      PGADMIN_DEFAULT_PASSWORD: dimnagp4
    networks:
      - backend
    volumes:
      - ./docker/pgadmin_servers.json:/pgadmin4/servers.json
    depends_on:
      - database
    logging:
      driver: none

  # frontend:                                       #THE FRONTEND SIDE OF OUR APP ITSELF :
  #   build:
  #     dockerfile: front/Dockerfile
  #   env_file:
  #     - ./env/front.env
  #   ports:
  #     - 8080:8080
  #   restart: unless-stopped
  #   networks:
  #     - backend
  #   volumes:
  #     - ./front:/app
  #   depends_on:
  #     - backend
    

volumes:
  postgres:
  back:

networks:
  backend:
    driver: bridge

在编译npm run start:dev文件夹中的文件时，无法解析任何模块(例如，找不到@nestjs/common )。

这是我的package.json：

{
  "name": "back",
  "version": "0.0.1",
  "description": "",
  "author": "",
  "private": true,
  "license": "UNLICENSED",
  "scripts": {
    "prebuild": "rimraf dist",
    "build": "nest build",
    "format": "prettier --write \"src/**/*.ts\" \"test/**/*.ts\"",
    "start": "DB_ENVFILE=db nest start",
    "start:dev": "DB_ENVFILE=db nest start --watch",
    "start:debug": "DB_ENVFILE=db nest start --debug --watch",
    "start:prod": "DB_ENVFILE=db node dist/main",
    "lint": "eslint \"{src,apps,libs,test}/**/*.ts\" --fix",
    "test": "DB_ENVFILE=db jest",
    "test:watch": "DB_ENVFILE=db jest --watch",
    "test:cov": "DB_ENVFILE=db jest --coverage",
    "test:debug": "DB_ENVFILE=db node --inspect-brk -r tsconfig-paths/register -r ts-node/register node_modules/.bin/jest --runInBand",
    "test:e2e": "DB_ENVFILE=db jest --config ./test/jest-e2e.json"
  },
  "dependencies": {
    "@nestjs/cli": "^9.0.0",
    "@nestjs/common": "^9.0.0",
    "@nestjs/config": "^2.2.0",
    "@nestjs/core": "^9.0.0",
    "@nestjs/mapped-types": "*",
    "@nestjs/platform-express": "^9.0.0",
    "@nestjs/swagger": "^6.1.3",
    "@nestjs/typeorm": "^9.0.1",
    "pg": "^8.8.0",
    "reflect-metadata": "^0.1.13",
    "rimraf": "^3.0.2",
    "rxjs": "^7.2.0",
    "swagger-ui-express": "^4.5.0",
    "typeorm": "^0.3.10"
  },
  "devDependencies": {
    "@nestjs/schematics": "^9.0.0",
    "@nestjs/testing": "^9.0.0",
    "@types/express": "^4.17.13",
    "@types/jest": "28.1.8",
    "@types/multer": "^1.4.7",
    "@types/node": "^16.0.0",
    "@types/supertest": "^2.0.11",
    "@typescript-eslint/eslint-plugin": "^5.0.0",
    "@typescript-eslint/parser": "^5.0.0",
    "eslint": "^8.0.1",
    "eslint-config-prettier": "^8.3.0",
    "eslint-plugin-prettier": "^4.0.0",
    "jest": "28.1.3",
    "prettier": "^2.3.2",
    "source-map-support": "^0.5.20",
    "supertest": "^6.1.3",
    "ts-jest": "28.0.8",
    "ts-loader": "^9.2.3",
    "ts-node": "^10.0.0",
    "tsconfig-paths": "4.1.0",
    "typescript": "^4.7.4"
  },
  "jest": {
    "moduleFileExtensions": [
      "js",
      "json",
      "ts"
    ],
    "rootDir": "src",
    "testRegex": ".*\\.spec\\.ts$",
    "transform": {
      "^.+\\.(t|j)s$": "ts-jest"
    },
    "collectCoverageFrom": [
      "**/*.(t|j)s"
    ],
    "coverageDirectory": "../coverage",
    "testEnvironment": "node"
  }
}

从今天早上开始我就被困在这个问题上，在其他的帖子上找不到任何解决方案，我的Dockerfile看起来很好--我不知道哪里会有问题

编辑:我忘了说，在运行相同的命令时，没有docker，它工作得很好。

所收到的错误消息与不使用npm run start::dev文件夹的node_modules相同

Answer 1

首先要将package.json和整个代码复制到Dockerfile中映像的工作目录(/app)中，然后在构建时在该目录中运行npm i。

但是在您的docker-compose.yml中，您可以将./back/目录绑定到容器的/app/上，这使得以前的npm install变得无关紧要，因为现在./back/的内容在该目录中，而不是在图像中的目录中。

因此，只要您的主机上没有node_modules目录，就无法找到模块。