ModelChoiceFIeld的使用以及在queryset中应该包括哪些内容？

Question

我似乎无法理解为什么我的ModelChoiceField不起作用，即使在阅读了关于ModelForm的django文档之后，尽管在我整个学习过程中都成功地依赖了这些文档，我还是感到困惑。我的代码中的错误可能很愚蠢，我对此表示歉意。

当我试图移民时，我在终端上遇到的错误是：

‘getattr中的第429行从None中生成AttributeError(名称)：objects’

forms.py

from random import choices
from django import forms
from .models import Student
from students.choices import *

class StudentForm(forms.ModelForm):
    class Meta:
        model = Student
        fields = '__all__'      #imports all of Student model's fields
        labels = {
            'student_number': 'Student Number',    #changes how the attribute names are presented to the user
            'first_name': 'First Name',
            'last_name': 'Last Name',                       
            'email': 'Email',
            'english': 'English',
            'math': 'Math',
            'language': 'Language',
            'science': 'Science',
            'ib_predicted': 'Predicted IB Score'
        }
        widgets = {
            'student_number': forms.NumberInput(attrs={'class': 'form-control'}),
            'first_name': forms.TextInput(attrs={'class': 'form-control'}),
            'last_name': forms.TextInput(attrs={'class': 'form-control'}),                     
            'email': forms.EmailInput(attrs={'class': 'form-control'}),
            'english': forms.ModelChoiceField(queryset=English.choices),
            'science': forms.ModelChoiceField(queryset=Science.objects.all()),
            'language': forms.ModelChoiceField(queryset=Language.objects.all()),
            'math': forms.ModelChoiceField(queryset=Math.objects.all()),
            'ib_predicted': forms.NumberInput(attrs={'class': 'form-control'})
        }

choices.py

from unittest.util import _MAX_LENGTH
from django.db import models
from django.utils.translation import gettext_lazy as _


class English(models.TextChoices):
    LANGLIT = 'LL', _('Language and literature')
    LIT = 'L', _('Literature')
    

class Math(models.TextChoices):
    AA = 'AA', _('Analysis & Approaches')
    AI = 'AI', _('Analysis & Interpretation')


class Language(models.TextChoices):
    FRENCH = 'F', _('French')
    SPANISH = 'S', _('Spanish')
    ARABIC = 'A', _('Arabic')
    MANDARIN = 'M', _('Mandarin')


class Science(models.TextChoices):
    BIOLOGY = 'BIO', _('Biology')
    CHEMISTRY = 'CHEM', _('Chemistry')
    PHYSICS = 'PHY', _('Physics')
    COMPUTERSCIENCE = 'CS', _('Computer Science')
    DESIGNTECHNOLOGY = 'DT', _('Design Technology')
    ESS = 'ESS', _('Environmental Systems and Societies')


class Society(models.TextChoices):
    MANAGEMENT = 'BM', _('Business Management')
    ECONOMICS = 'ECON', _('Economics')
    GEOGRAPHY = 'GEO', _('Geography')
    GLOBALPOLITICS = 'GP', _('Global Politics')
    HISTORY = 'HIS', _('History')
    PSYCHOLOGY = 'PSYCH', _('Psychology')

class Art(models.TextChoices):
    VISUALARTS = 'VA', _('Visual Arts')
    MUSIC = 'MUS', _('Music'),
    FILM = 'FILM', _('Film')

models.py

from unittest.util import _MAX_LENGTH
from django.db import models
from django.utils.translation import gettext_lazy as _
from students.choices import *

# Create your models here.


class Student(models.Model):
    student_number = models.PositiveIntegerField()
    first_name = models.CharField(max_length=50) #Attribute containing student's first name, cannot exceed 50 characters
    last_name = models.CharField(max_length=50) #Attribute containing student's last name, cannot exceed 50 characters
    email = models.EmailField(max_length=100) #Attribute containing student's email, cannot exceed 100 characters
    ib_predicted = models.IntegerField()
    
    #Subjects
    english = models.CharField(max_length=2, choices=English.choices)
    math = models.CharField(max_length=2, choices=Math.choices)
    language = models.CharField(max_length=1, choices=Language.choices)
    science = models.CharField(max_length=4, choices=Science.choices)

    def __str__(self):
        return f'{self.first_name} {self.last_name}'

Answer 1

您应该使用forms.ChoiceField而不是forms.ModelChoiceField。

当您想在ModelChoiceField或数据库Models中进行选择时，将使用Models。

使用forms.ChoiceField(choices=Math.choices)初始化您的选择

参考资料：https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.1/ref/forms/fields/#choicefield