抑制RasterIO警告。警告1: TIFFReadDirectory

Question

错误消息Warning 1: TIFFReadDirectory:Sum of Photometric type-related color channels and ExtraSamples doesn't match SamplesPerPixel. Defining non-color channels as ExtraSamples.一直存在问题--当我打开带有错误tiff标记的.tiff文件时，就会发生错误消息，在我的示例中，这些标记：

• PHOTOMETRIC_MINISBLACK = 1；
• 不(！)实例

而tiff是一个带有一个额外(掩码)的RGB图像。在打开之前指定标签在这里是没有用的，因为我在实践中不知道乐队。我只是想压制一下这个警告，但没有成功。我已经尝试了以下几种方法：

• 模块，禁止所有类型的警告。
• rasterio测井

我就是这么做来得到警告的：

tiff = rasterio.open(path)
img  = rast.read()

如果你想自己尝试一下，你可以在Google中找到一个例子蒂夫。

有人知道如何一般地压制警告吗？

编辑:这是关于我的rasterio版本pip show -v rasterio的信息

Name: rasterio
Version: 1.2.10
Summary: Fast and direct raster I/O for use with Numpy and SciPy
Home-page: https://github.com/mapbox/rasterio
Author: Sean Gillies
Author-email: sean@mapbox.com
License: BSD
Location: /home/david/miniconda3/lib/python3.9/site-packages
Requires: click-plugins, numpy, snuggs, cligj, click, setuptools, affine, certifi, attrs
Required-by: rioxarray
Metadata-Version: 2.1
Installer: pip
Classifiers:
  Development Status :: 5 - Production/Stable
  Intended Audience :: Developers
  Intended Audience :: Information Technology
  Intended Audience :: Science/Research
  License :: OSI Approved :: BSD License
  Programming Language :: C
  Programming Language :: Cython
  Programming Language :: Python :: 3.6
  Programming Language :: Python :: 3.7
  Programming Language :: Python :: 3.8
  Programming Language :: Python :: 3.9
  Programming Language :: Python :: 3
  Topic :: Multimedia :: Graphics :: Graphics Conversion
  Topic :: Scientific/Engineering :: GIS
Entry-points:
  [console_scripts]
  rio=rasterio.rio.main:main_group
  [rasterio.rio_commands]
  blocks=rasterio.rio.blocks:blocks
  bounds=rasterio.rio.bounds:bounds
  calc=rasterio.rio.calc:calc
  clip=rasterio.rio.clip:clip
 convert=rasterio.rio.convert:convert
  edit-info=rasterio.rio.edit_info:edit
  env=rasterio.rio.env:env
  gcps=rasterio.rio.gcps:gcps
  info=rasterio.rio.info:info
  insp=rasterio.rio.insp:insp
  mask=rasterio.rio.mask:mask
  merge=rasterio.rio.merge:merge
  overview=rasterio.rio.overview:overview
  rasterize=rasterio.rio.rasterize:rasterize
  rm=rasterio.rio.rm:rm
  sample=rasterio.rio.sample:sample
  shapes=rasterio.rio.shapes:shapes
  stack=rasterio.rio.stack:stack
  transform=rasterio.rio.transform:transform
  warp=rasterio.rio.warp:warp
Note: you may need to restart the kernel to use updated packages.

Answer 1

最新答案

经过大量搜索，并试图使用TIFFSetWarningHandler()描述的这里，发现rasterio使用了自己的、内置的、精简的gdal版本--除非您是从源代码构建的。这就产生了以下情况。

方法1

告诉rasterio的GDAL安静警告：

#!/usr/bin/env python3

# Get cut-down GDAL that rasterio uses
from osgeo import gdal
# ... and suppress errors
gdal.PushErrorHandler('CPLQuietErrorHandler')

import rasterio

# Open TIFF and read it
tiff = rasterio.open('original.tiff')
img  = tiff.read()
print(img.shape)

样本输出

(4, 512, 512)    

我发现了一些您可能想要参考的其他内容-- 这里。

方法2-使用tifffile

另一种选择可能是使用tifffile，因为它不会为您的文件发出警告：

from tifffile import imread

img = imread('original.tiff')
print(img.shape)                 # prints (512, 512, 4)

这是简单而有效的，但可能缺乏完整的GeoTIFF阅读器的一些功能。

方法3-重写libtiff警告处理程序

这使用ctypes调用DLL/共享对象库，并覆盖库的警告处理程序：

import ctypes
from ctypes.util import find_library

# Find the path to the library we want to modify
thePath = find_library('tiff')     # try "gdal" instead of "tiff" too
print(thePath)

# Get handle to it
theLib = ctypes.CDLL(thePath)
theLib.TIFFSetWarningHandler.argtypes = [ctypes.c_void_p]
theLib.TIFFSetWarningHandler.restype = ctypes.c_void_p
theLib.TIFFSetWarningHandler(None)

import rasterio

# Open TIFF and read it
tiff = rasterio.open('original.tiff')
img  = tiff.read()
print(img.shape)

原始答案

您的TIFF是不兼容的，因为它是RGBA，但是将“光度解释”设置为MIN_IS_BLACK，这意味着它是灰度或双级别的。

与其消除警告，更好的选择IMHO是通过将“光度解释”设置为UNASSOCIATED_ALPHA. RGB并将额外示例的类型设置为来纠正TIFF。

您可以使用tiffset ( libtiff附带的)来实现这一点。

tiffset -s 262 2 11_369_744_2022-10-18.tiff       # Photometric = RGB
tiffset -s 338 1 2 11_369_744_2022-10-18.tiff     # Extra sample is UNASSOCIATED_ALPHA

Libtiff现在在加载图像时不再生成错误，它在macOS 预览上以RGB颜色显示。

在原始映像上运行tiffinfo提供：

TIFFReadDirectory: Warning, Sum of Photometric type-related color channels and ExtraSamples doesn't match SamplesPerPixel. Defining non-color channels as ExtraSamples..
=== TIFF directory 0 ===
TIFF Directory at offset 0x8 (8)
  Image Width: 512 Image Length: 512
  Resolution: 1, 1 (unitless)
  Bits/Sample: 8
  Compression Scheme: Deflate
  Photometric Interpretation: min-is-black
  Samples/Pixel: 4
  Rows/Strip: 8
  Planar Configuration: single image plane
  Tag 33550: 76.437028,76.437028,0.000000
  Tag 33922: 0.000000,0.000000,0.000000,9079495.967826,5596413.462927,0.000000
  Tag 34735: 1,1,0,12,1024,0,1,1,1025,0,1,1,2050,0,1,1,1026,34737,37,0,2049,34737,6,38,2054,0,1,9102,2056,0,1,1,2057,34736,1,0,2058,34736,1,1,2061,34736,1,2,3072,0,1,3857,3076,0,1,9001
  Tag 34736: 6378137.000000,6378137.000000,0.000000
  Tag 34737: Popular Visualisation Pseudo Mercator|WGS 84|

在带有校正标签的图像上：

=== TIFF directory 0 ===
TIFF Directory at offset 0x99858 (628824)
  Image Width: 512 Image Length: 512
  Resolution: 1, 1 (unitless)
  Bits/Sample: 8
  Compression Scheme: Deflate
  Photometric Interpretation: RGB color
  Extra Samples: 1<unassoc-alpha>
  Samples/Pixel: 4
  Rows/Strip: 8
  Planar Configuration: single image plane
  Tag 33550: 76.437028,76.437028,0.000000
  Tag 33922: 0.000000,0.000000,0.000000,9079495.967826,5596413.462927,0.000000
  Tag 34735: 1,1,0,12,1024,0,1,1,1025,0,1,1,2050,0,1,1,1026,34737,37,0,2049,34737,6,38,2054,0,1,9102,2056,0,1,1,2057,34736,1,0,2058,34736,1,1,2061,34736,1,2,3072,0,1,3857,3076,0,1,9001
  Tag 34736: 6378137.000000,6378137.000000,0.000000
  Tag 34737: Popular Visualisation Pseudo Mercator|WGS 84|