如何检查python中URL的连接性

Question

我的要求几乎与Requests — how to tell if you're getting a success message?相同

但当我无法到达URL..Here时，我需要打印错误，这是我的尝试。

# setting up the URL and checking the conection by printing the status

url = 'https://www.google.lk'

try:
    page = requests.get(url)
    print(page.status_code)
except requests.exceptions.HTTPError as err:
    print("Error")

问题不是只打印“错误”，而是打印一个完整的错误信息，如下所示。

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "testrun.py", line 22, in <module>
    page = requests.get(url)
  File "/root/anaconda3/envs/py36/lib/python3.6/site-packages/requests/api.py", line 76, in get
    return request('get', url, params=params, **kwargs)
  File "/root/anaconda3/envs/py36/lib/python3.6/site-packages/requests/api.py", line 61, in request
    return session.request(method=method, url=url, **kwargs)
  File "/root/anaconda3/envs/py36/lib/python3.6/site-packages/requests/sessions.py", line 530, in request
    resp = self.send(prep, **send_kwargs)
  File "/root/anaconda3/envs/py36/lib/python3.6/site-packages/requests/sessions.py", line 643, in send
    r = adapter.send(request, **kwargs)
  File "/root/anaconda3/envs/py36/lib/python3.6/site-packages/requests/adapters.py", line 516, in send
    raise ConnectionError(e, request=request)
requests.exceptions.ConnectionError: HTTPSConnectionPool(host='learn.microsoft.com', port=443): Max retries exceeded with url: /en-us/microsoft-365/enterprise/urls-and-ip-address-ranges?view=o365-worldwide (Caused by NewConnectionError('<urllib3.connection.VerifiedHTTPSConnection object at 0x7ff91a543198>: Failed to establish a new connection: [Errno 110] Connection timed out',))

有人能告诉我，只有在有任何问题的时候，我才应该修改我的代码来打印“错误”吗？然后我可以把它扩展到其他要求。

Answer 1

你没有捕捉到正确的异常。

import requests


url = 'https://www.googlggggggge.lk'

try:
    page = requests.get(url)
    print(page.status_code)
except (requests.exceptions.HTTPError, requests.exceptions.ConnectionError):
    print("Error")

您也可以执行except Exception，但是请注意，Exception太宽，在大多数情况下不推荐使用，因为它会捕获所有错误。

Answer 2

您需要使用通用异常except或捕获请求模块可能抛出的所有异常，例如except (requests.exceptions.HTTPError, requests.exceptions.ConnectionError)。

有关完整列表，请参见：Correct way to try/except using Python requests module?