用Pyinstaller复制窗口构建的PyQT应用程序

Question

我需要在windows上构建可执行文件，但我使用的是ubuntu。我非常担心在linux上构建.exe的可能性。在wine中无法做到这一点，因为包含包有问题，现在我正尝试使用windows 10 on virtual box来完成这个任务。

我用QtDesigner为我的应用程序构建了用户界面。在场景后面，它使用undetected-chromedriver，webdriver-manager下载webdriver驱动程序。App只有一个按钮。

我在linux上建立了测试应用程序，一切都很好。当我在虚拟框的窗口上构建它时，点击按钮，应用程序窗口崩溃了，但没有关闭，opening second window of app和什么都不做。

​

项目文件夹包含2个文件：app.py和scrap.py

pyinstaller日志：

E:\Programming\10.Review_scrapper>venv\Scripts\python.exe venv\Lib\site-packages\PyInstaller --onefile --windowed --paths venv\Lib\site-packages app.py
619 INFO: PyInstaller: 5.4
624 INFO: Python: 3.10.6
647 INFO: Platform: Windows-10-10.0.19044-SP0
647 INFO: wrote E:\Programming\10.Review_scrapper\app.spec
647 INFO: UPX is not available.
662 INFO: Extending PYTHONPATH with paths
['E:\\Programming\\10.Review_scrapper',
 'E:\\Programming\\10.Review_scrapper\\venv\\Lib\\site-packages']
1406 INFO: checking Analysis
1406 INFO: Building Analysis because Analysis-00.toc is non existent
1406 INFO: Initializing module dependency graph...
1422 INFO: Caching module graph hooks...
1442 INFO: Analyzing base_library.zip ...
4171 INFO: Loading module hook 'hook-heapq.py' from 'E:\\Programming\\10.Review_scrapper\\venv\\lib\\site-packages\\PyInstaller\\hooks'...
4828 INFO: Loading module hook 'hook-encodings.py' from 'E:\\Programming\\10.Review_scrapper\\venv\\lib\\site-packages\\PyInstaller\\hooks'...
7234 INFO: Loading module hook 'hook-pickle.py' from 'E:\\Programming\\10.Review_scrapper\\venv\\lib\\site-packages\\PyInstaller\\hooks'...
9987 INFO: Caching module dependency graph...
10502 INFO: running Analysis Analysis-00.toc
10530 INFO: Adding Microsoft.Windows.Common-Controls to dependent assemblies of final executable
  required by C:\Users\Kutso\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310\python.exe
10657 INFO: Analyzing E:\Programming\10.Review_scrapper\app.py
10984 INFO: Loading module hook 'hook-selenium.py' from 'E:\\Programming\\10.Review_scrapper\\venv\\Lib\\site-packages\\_pyinstaller_hooks_contrib\\hooks\\stdhooks'...
12015 INFO: Loading module hook 'hook-certifi.py' from 'E:\\Programming\\10.Review_scrapper\\venv\\Lib\\site-packages\\_pyinstaller_hooks_contrib\\hooks\\stdhooks'...
12312 INFO: Processing pre-safe import module hook urllib3.packages.six.moves from 'E:\\Programming\\10.Review_scrapper\\venv\\lib\\site-packages\\PyInstaller\\hooks\\pre_safe_import_module\\hook-urllib3.packages.six.moves.py'.
14062 INFO: Loading module hook 'hook-platform.py' from 'E:\\Programming\\10.Review_scrapper\\venv\\lib\\site-packages\\PyInstaller\\hooks'...
14578 INFO: Loading module hook 'hook-xml.py' from 'E:\\Programming\\10.Review_scrapper\\venv\\lib\\site-packages\\PyInstaller\\hooks'...
14578 INFO: Loading module hook 'hook-xml.dom.domreg.py' from 'E:\\Programming\\10.Review_scrapper\\venv\\lib\\site-packages\\PyInstaller\\hooks'...
16189 INFO: Loading module hook 'hook-websockets.py' from 'E:\\Programming\\10.Review_scrapper\\venv\\Lib\\site-packages\\_pyinstaller_hooks_contrib\\hooks\\stdhooks'...
17266 INFO: Processing pre-find module path hook distutils from 'E:\\Programming\\10.Review_scrapper\\venv\\lib\\site-packages\\PyInstaller\\hooks\\pre_find_module_path\\hook-distutils.py'.
17937 INFO: Loading module hook 'hook-distutils.py' from 'E:\\Programming\\10.Review_scrapper\\venv\\lib\\site-packages\\PyInstaller\\hooks'...
18455 INFO: Loading module hook 'hook-multiprocessing.util.py' from 'E:\\Programming\\10.Review_scrapper\\venv\\lib\\site-packages\\PyInstaller\\hooks'...
20625 INFO: Loading module hook 'hook-PyQt5.py' from 'E:\\Programming\\10.Review_scrapper\\venv\\lib\\site-packages\\PyInstaller\\hooks'...
20921 INFO: Processing module hooks...
21374 INFO: Loading module hook 'hook-setuptools.py' from 'E:\\Programming\\10.Review_scrapper\\venv\\lib\\site-packages\\PyInstaller\\hooks'...
26281 INFO: Loading module hook 'hook-distutils.util.py' from 'E:\\Programming\\10.Review_scrapper\\venv\\lib\\site-packages\\PyInstaller\\hooks'...
26328 INFO: Loading module hook 'hook-sysconfig.py' from 'E:\\Programming\\10.Review_scrapper\\venv\\lib\\site-packages\\PyInstaller\\hooks'...
26749 INFO: Loading module hook 'hook-pkg_resources.py' from 'E:\\Programming\\10.Review_scrapper\\venv\\lib\\site-packages\\PyInstaller\\hooks'...
30375 INFO: Processing pre-safe import module hook win32com from 'E:\\Programming\\10.Review_scrapper\\venv\\Lib\\site-packages\\_pyinstaller_hooks_contrib\\hooks\\pre_safe_import_module\\hook-win32com.py'.
32297 WARNING: Hidden import "sip" not found!
32297 INFO: Loading module hook 'hook-PyQt5.QtCore.py' from 'E:\\Programming\\10.Review_scrapper\\venv\\lib\\site-packages\\PyInstaller\\hooks'...
32547 INFO: Loading module hook 'hook-PyQt5.QtGui.py' from 'E:\\Programming\\10.Review_scrapper\\venv\\lib\\site-packages\\PyInstaller\\hooks'...
33281 INFO: Loading module hook 'hook-PyQt5.QtWidgets.py' from 'E:\\Programming\\10.Review_scrapper\\venv\\lib\\site-packages\\PyInstaller\\hooks'...
34376 INFO: Processing pre-find module path hook site from 'E:\\Programming\\10.Review_scrapper\\venv\\lib\\site-packages\\PyInstaller\\hooks\\pre_find_module_path\\hook-site.py'.
34376 INFO: site: retargeting to fake-dir 'E:\\Programming\\10.Review_scrapper\\venv\\lib\\site-packages\\PyInstaller\\fake-modules'
34534 INFO: Loading module hook 'hook-setuptools.msvc.py' from 'E:\\Programming\\10.Review_scrapper\\venv\\lib\\site-packages\\PyInstaller\\hooks'...
36234 INFO: Loading module hook 'hook-difflib.py' from 'E:\\Programming\\10.Review_scrapper\\venv\\lib\\site-packages\\PyInstaller\\hooks'...
37699 INFO: Looking for ctypes DLLs
37791 INFO: Analyzing run-time hooks ...
37837 INFO: Including run-time hook 'E:\\Programming\\10.Review_scrapper\\venv\\lib\\site-packages\\PyInstaller\\hooks\\rthooks\\pyi_rth_inspect.py'
37837 INFO: Including run-time hook 'E:\\Programming\\10.Review_scrapper\\venv\\lib\\site-packages\\PyInstaller\\hooks\\rthooks\\pyi_rth_subprocess.py'
37854 INFO: Including run-time hook 'E:\\Programming\\10.Review_scrapper\\venv\\lib\\site-packages\\PyInstaller\\hooks\\rthooks\\pyi_rth_pyqt5.py'
37854 INFO: Including run-time hook 'E:\\Programming\\10.Review_scrapper\\venv\\lib\\site-packages\\PyInstaller\\hooks\\rthooks\\pyi_rth_pkgutil.py'
37854 INFO: Including run-time hook 'E:\\Programming\\10.Review_scrapper\\venv\\lib\\site-packages\\PyInstaller\\hooks\\rthooks\\pyi_rth_multiprocessing.py'
37854 INFO: Including run-time hook 'E:\\Programming\\10.Review_scrapper\\venv\\lib\\site-packages\\PyInstaller\\hooks\\rthooks\\pyi_rth_setuptools.py'
37854 INFO: Including run-time hook 'E:\\Programming\\10.Review_scrapper\\venv\\lib\\site-packages\\PyInstaller\\hooks\\rthooks\\pyi_rth_pkgres.py'
37931 INFO: Looking for dynamic libraries
1156 INFO: Extra DLL search directories (AddDllDirectory): ['E:\\Programming\\10.Review_scrapper\\venv\\Lib\\site-packages\\PyQt5\\Qt5\\bin']
1156 INFO: Extra DLL search directories (PATH): ['E:\\Programming\\10.Review_scrapper\\venv\\Lib\\site-packages\\PyQt5\\Qt5\\bin', 'C:\\Windows\\system32', 'C:\\Windows', 'C:\\Windows\\System32\\Wbem', 'C:\\Windows\\System32\\WindowsPowerShell\\v1.0\\', 'C:\\Windows\\System32\\OpenSSH\\', 'C:\\Users\\Kutso\\AppData\\Local\\Programs\\Python\\Python310\\Scripts\\', 'C:\\Users\\Kutso\\AppData\\Local\\Programs\\Python\\Python310\\', 'C:\\Users\\Kutso\\AppData\\Local\\Microsoft\\WindowsApps']
41682 INFO: Looking for eggs
41682 INFO: Using Python library C:\Users\Kutso\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310\python310.dll
41682 INFO: Found binding redirects:
[]
41698 INFO: Warnings written to E:\Programming\10.Review_scrapper\build\app\warn-app.txt
41931 INFO: Graph cross-reference written to E:\Programming\10.Review_scrapper\build\app\xref-app.html
41995 INFO: checking PYZ
42014 INFO: Building PYZ because PYZ-00.toc is non existent
42014 INFO: Building PYZ (ZlibArchive) E:\Programming\10.Review_scrapper\build\app\PYZ-00.pyz
43947 INFO: Building PYZ (ZlibArchive) E:\Programming\10.Review_scrapper\build\app\PYZ-00.pyz completed successfully.
43994 INFO: checking PKG
43994 INFO: Building PKG because PKG-00.toc is non existent
43994 INFO: Building PKG (CArchive) app.pkg
56229 INFO: Building PKG (CArchive) app.pkg completed successfully.
56249 INFO: Bootloader E:\Programming\10.Review_scrapper\venv\lib\site-packages\PyInstaller\bootloader\Windows-64bit\runw.exe
56249 INFO: checking EXE
56261 INFO: Building EXE because EXE-00.toc is non existent
56261 INFO: Building EXE from EXE-00.toc
56261 INFO: Copying bootloader EXE to E:\Programming\10.Review_scrapper\dist\app.exe.notanexecutable
56388 INFO: Copying icon to EXE
56388 INFO: Copying icons from ['E:\\Programming\\10.Review_scrapper\\venv\\lib\\site-packages\\PyInstaller\\bootloader\\images\\icon-windowed.ico']
56520 INFO: Writing RT_GROUP_ICON 0 resource with 104 bytes
56520 INFO: Writing RT_ICON 1 resource with 3752 bytes
56520 INFO: Writing RT_ICON 2 resource with 2216 bytes
56529 INFO: Writing RT_ICON 3 resource with 1384 bytes
56529 INFO: Writing RT_ICON 4 resource with 38188 bytes
56529 INFO: Writing RT_ICON 5 resource with 9640 bytes
56529 INFO: Writing RT_ICON 6 resource with 4264 bytes
56529 INFO: Writing RT_ICON 7 resource with 1128 bytes
56529 INFO: Copying 0 resources to EXE
56529 INFO: Embedding manifest in EXE
56529 INFO: Updating manifest in E:\Programming\10.Review_scrapper\dist\app.exe.notanexecutable
56700 INFO: Updating resource type 24 name 1 language 0
56700 INFO: Appending PKG archive to EXE
56791 INFO: Fixing EXE headers
58264 INFO: Building EXE from EXE-00.toc completed successfully

。

app.py：

import time
from scrap import Scrapper
from PyQt5 import QtCore, QtGui, QtWidgets


class Ui_MainWindow(object):
    def setupUi(self, MainWindow):
        MainWindow.setObjectName("MainWindow")
        MainWindow.resize(420, 327)
        self.centralwidget = QtWidgets.QWidget(MainWindow)
        self.centralwidget.setObjectName("centralwidget")
        self.verticalLayout = QtWidgets.QVBoxLayout(self.centralwidget)
        self.verticalLayout.setObjectName("verticalLayout")
        self.formLayout = QtWidgets.QFormLayout()
        self.formLayout.setObjectName("formLayout")
        self.input_url = QtWidgets.QLineEdit(self.centralwidget)
        self.input_url.setObjectName("input_url")
        self.formLayout.setWidget(0, QtWidgets.QFormLayout.SpanningRole, self.input_url)
        self.verticalLayout.addLayout(self.formLayout)
        self.horizontalLayout = QtWidgets.QHBoxLayout()
        self.horizontalLayout.setObjectName("horizontalLayout")
        spacerItem = QtWidgets.QSpacerItem(40, 20, QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Expanding, QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Minimum)
        self.horizontalLayout.addItem(spacerItem)
        self.button_collect_data = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.centralwidget)
        self.button_collect_data.setMaximumSize(QtCore.QSize(399, 16777215))
        self.button_collect_data.setObjectName("button_collect_data")
        self.horizontalLayout.addWidget(self.button_collect_data)
        spacerItem1 = QtWidgets.QSpacerItem(40, 20, QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Expanding, QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Minimum)
        self.horizontalLayout.addItem(spacerItem1)
        self.verticalLayout.addLayout(self.horizontalLayout)
        self.formLayout_2 = QtWidgets.QFormLayout()
        self.formLayout_2.setObjectName("formLayout_2")
        self.console = QtWidgets.QTextEdit(self.centralwidget)
        self.console.setReadOnly(True)
        self.console.setObjectName("console")
        self.formLayout_2.setWidget(0, QtWidgets.QFormLayout.SpanningRole, self.console)
        self.verticalLayout.addLayout(self.formLayout_2)
        MainWindow.setCentralWidget(self.centralwidget)

        self.retranslateUi(MainWindow)
        QtCore.QMetaObject.connectSlotsByName(MainWindow)

        sys.stdout = EmittingStream(textWritten=self.normalOutputWritten)
        self.add_functions()

    def retranslateUi(self, MainWindow):
        _translate = QtCore.QCoreApplication.translate
        MainWindow.setWindowTitle(_translate("MainWindow", "MainWindow"))
        self.input_url.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "Введите URL"))
        self.button_collect_data.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "Пуск"))

    def add_functions(self):
        self.button_collect_data.clicked.connect(lambda: self.run_collect_data())

    def run_collect_data(self):
        self.console.clear()
        self.console.append('Скрипт запущен...')
        url = self.get_url()
        Scrapper().scrap_page(url)
        self.console.append('Выполнение скрипта завершено')

    def get_url(self):
        text = self.input_url.text()
        return text

    def normalOutputWritten(self, text):
        """Append text to the QTextEdit."""
        # Maybe QTextEdit.append() works as well, but this is how I do it:
        cursor = self.console.textCursor()
        cursor.movePosition(QtGui.QTextCursor.End)
        cursor.insertText(text)
        self.console.setTextCursor(cursor)
        self.console.ensureCursorVisible()


class EmittingStream(QtCore.QObject):
    textWritten = QtCore.pyqtSignal(str)

    def write(self, text):
        self.textWritten.emit(str(text))


class InvalidUrl(BaseException):
    pass


if __name__ == "__main__":
    import sys
    app = QtWidgets.QApplication(sys.argv)
    MainWindow = QtWidgets.QMainWindow()
    ui = Ui_MainWindow()
    ui.setupUi(MainWindow)
    MainWindow.show()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())

scrap.py：

import json
import csv
import os.path
import re
import traceback
from time import sleep

import undetected_chromedriver.v2 as uc
from selenium.common.exceptions import NoSuchElementException, TimeoutException
from selenium.webdriver.chrome.service import Service
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver import ActionChains
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
from webdriver_manager.chrome import ChromeDriverManager


def create_txt(filepath='output.txt'):
    with open(filepath, 'w', encoding='utf-8') as f:
        f.write('Программа обработки отзывов\n')


def append_dict_to_txt(reviews_info: dict, filepath='output.txt'):
    url = list(reviews_info.keys())[0]
    with open(filepath, 'a', encoding='utf-8') as f:
        f.write(f'url:\n{url}\n')
        for i, d in reviews_info[url].items():
            f.write(f'id: {i}\n')
            for k, v in d.items():
                if k in ('positive', 'negative'):
                    f.write(f'type: {k}\nreview: {v}\n')
                else:
                    f.write(f'{k}: {v}\n')


class Scrapper:
    def __init__(self):
        self.driver = None
        self.page_load_time_out = 20

    def get_driver(self):
        # options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
        options = uc.ChromeOptions()
        # fake user agent
        options.add_argument(
            f'user-agent=Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/104.0.0.0 Safari/537.36'
        )
        # headless mode
        options.headless = True
        # maximized window
        options.add_argument('--start-maximized')
        options.add_argument('--disable-notifications')
        driver = uc.Chrome(
            options=options,
            version_main=104,
            service=Service(ChromeDriverManager().install())
        )
        self.driver = driver

    def get_page_with_retries(self, url, retries_get_page=3):
        i = 0
        while True:
            i += 1
            self.get_driver()
            self.driver.set_page_load_timeout(self.page_load_time_out)
            try:
                print(f'Страница загружается... {url=}')
                self.driver.get(url)
                break
            except TimeoutException:
                if retries_get_page == i:
                    print(f'Страница не загрузилась после {i} попыток')
                    return
                else:
                    print(f'Страница не загрузилась с таймаутом {self.page_load_time_out}.'
                          f' Попыток осталось: {retries_get_page - i}')
                    self.driver.quit()

    def open_google_translate_tab(self):
        og_tab = self.driver.current_window_handle
        assert len(self.driver.window_handles) == 1
        self.driver.switch_to.new_window('tab')
        url = 'https://translate.google.com/?sl=auto&tl=ru'
        print(f'Открываем переводчик')
        self.driver.get(url)
        WebDriverWait(self.driver, 10).until(
            EC.number_of_windows_to_be(2)
        )
        sleep(1)
        print(f'Переводчик открылся')
        self.driver.switch_to.window(og_tab)

    def translate_to_ru(self, text):
        try:
            og_tab = self.driver.current_window_handle
            assert len(self.driver.window_handles) == 2
            translate_tab = self.driver.window_handles[1]
            self.driver.switch_to.window(translate_tab)
            text_input = self.driver.find_element(By.XPATH, '//textarea[@aria-label="Исходный текст"]')
            text_input.clear()
            sleep(1)
            # text_input.send_keys(text)
            js_add_text_to_input = """
              var elm = arguments[0], txt = arguments[1];
              elm.value += txt;
              elm.dispatchEvent(new Event('change'));
            """
            self.driver.execute_script(js_add_text_to_input, text_input, text)
            text_input.send_keys(' ')
            sleep(1)
            text_output = WebDriverWait(self.driver, 10).until(
                EC.presence_of_element_located((By.XPATH, '//span[@lang="ru"]/span/span'))
            ).text
            # self.driver.find_element(By.XPATH, '//span[@lang="ru"]/span/span').text
            self.driver.switch_to.window(og_tab)
            print(f'Текст: "{text}" переведен как: "{text_output}"')
            return text_output
        except:
            return None

    def scrap_page(self, url, filepath='output.txt'):
        try:
            create_txt(filepath)
            self.get_page_with_retries(url, 3)
            self.open_google_translate_tab()

            # accept cookies
            try:
                self.driver.find_element(By.XPATH, '//button[@id="onetrust-accept-btn-handler"]').click()
                sleep(1)
            except NoSuchElementException:
                pass

            self.driver.find_element(By.XPATH, '//div[@class="hp-featured_reviews-bottom"]/button').click()
            reviews_info = {url: {}}
            while True:
                # wait until loading finished
                while True:
                    try:
                        self.driver.find_element(
                            By.XPATH, '//div[@id="review_list_page_container"][@style="display: block;"]'
                        )
                        break
                    except NoSuchElementException:
                        continue
                sleep(1)

                divs_reviews = self.driver.find_elements(
                    By.XPATH, '//div[@class="c-review-block"]'
                )
                for div_review in divs_reviews:
                    nickname, date, review_title, review_info = None, None, None, None
                    positive, negative = '', ''
                    translated, translate_error = False, False
                    ActionChains(self.driver).scroll_to_element(div_review).perform()

                    # Press translate button if it exists
                    try:
                        div_review.find_element(
                            By.XPATH, './/a[text()="Показать перевод"]'
                        ).click()
                        while translated is False and translate_error is False:
                            try:
                                div_review.find_element(
                                    By.XPATH, './/span[@style="display: inline;"]/'
                                              'span[normalize-space(text())="Переведено"]'
                                )
                                translated = True
                            except NoSuchElementException:
                                pass
                            try:
                                div_review.find_element(
                                    By.XPATH, './/span[@style="display: inline;"][contains(text(), "Не удалось перевести")]'
                                )
                                translate_error = True
                            except NoSuchElementException:
                                pass
                    except NoSuchElementException:
                        pass

                    nickname = div_review.find_element(
                        By.CLASS_NAME, 'bui-avatar-block__title'
                    ).text
                    date = div_review.find_element(
                        By.XPATH, './/div[@class="c-review-block__row"]/span[@class="c-review-block__date"]'
                    ).text.replace('Время отзыва: ', '')

                    if not translate_error:
                        positives = div_review.find_elements(
                            By.XPATH, './/span[text()="Понравилось"]/parent::span/following-sibling::'
                                      'span[contains(@class, "c-review__body")]'
                        )
                    else:
                        positives = div_review.find_elements(
                            By.XPATH, './/span[@class="c-review__prefix c-review__prefix--color-green"]'
                                      '/following-sibling::span[@lang]'
                        )
                    match positives:
                        case []:
                            positive = ''
                        case [arg]:
                            positive = arg.text
                        case [*args]:
                            positive = [p for p in args if p.get_attribute('style') == 'display: inline;'][0].text
                    if positive:
                        if translate_error or not re.search(r'[А-я]', positive):
                            positive = self.translate_to_ru(positive)

                    if not translate_error:
                        negatives = div_review.find_elements(
                            By.XPATH, './/span[text()="Не понравилось"]/parent::span'
                                      '/following-sibling::span[contains(@class, "c-review__body")]'
                        )
                    else:
                        negatives = div_review.find_elements(
                            By.XPATH, './/span[@class="c-review__prefix"]/following-sibling::span[@lang]'
                        )
                    match negatives:
                        case []:
                            negative = ''
                        case [arg]:
                            negative = arg.text
                        case [*args]:
                            negative = [p for p in args if p.get_attribute('style') == 'display: inline;'][0].text
                    if negative:
                        if translate_error or not re.search(r'[А-я]', negative):
                            negative = self.translate_to_ru(negative)

                    review_info = {
                        'author': nickname,
                        'date': date,
                        'positive': positive,
                        'negative': negative
                    }

                    if negative or positive:
                        reviews_info[url][len(reviews_info[url]) + 1] = review_info
                        print(len(reviews_info[url]), review_info)
                    else:
                        print('В отзыве отсутствуют негативные или положительные комментарии')

                try:
                    self.driver.find_element(By.XPATH, '//a[@class="pagenext"]').click()
                except NoSuchElementException:
                    break

            append_dict_to_txt(reviews_info, filepath)
            # with open('reviews_example.json', 'w') as f:
            #     json.dump(reviews_info, f, indent=4, ensure_ascii=False)

            # columns = ('url', 'id', 'author', 'date', 'positive', 'negative')
            # with open('reviews_example.csv', 'a', encoding='utf-8') as f:
            #     writer = csv.writer(f, delimiter=';')
            #     writer.writerow(columns)
            #     for i, d in reviews_info[url].items():
            #         if i == 1:
            #             row_data = [url, i]
            #         else:
            #             row_data = [None, i]
            #         for column in columns[2:]:
            #             if v := d.get(column):
            #                 row_data.append(v)
            #             else:
            #                 row_data.append(None)
            #         writer.writerow(row_data)
        except:
            print(traceback.format_exc())
        finally:
            self.driver.quit()


def main():
    # Scrapper().scrap_page('https://www.booking.com/hotel/it/residenza-gonfalone.ru.html?label=gen173nr-1DCAEoggI46AdIM1gEaMIBiAEBmAEhuAEZyAEM2AED6AEBiAIBqAIDuALty5KYBsACAdICJDQwZWM2YmZhLTU5NDItNDgxMi05M2I5LTUyMmExNjhhNDBjZNgCBOACAQ&sid=74e702f2aee6c0eeab7fc4bc642824cd&aid=304142&ucfs=1&arphpl=1&dest_id=-126693&dest_type=city&group_adults=2&req_adults=2&no_rooms=1&group_children=0&req_children=0&hpos=4&hapos=4&sr_order=popularity&srpvid=5c0666a902dd010a&srepoch=1661956563&from=searchresults#hotelTmpl')
    pass


if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

Answer 1

这可以通过调用多处理模块中的freeze_support()函数来解决。

例如，在app.py文件中：

import time
from multiprocessing import freeze_support   # <---add this
from scrap import Scrapper
from PyQt5 import QtCore, QtGui, QtWidgets

...
...

if __name__ == "__main__":
    import sys
    freeze_support()  # <----- add this
    app = QtWidgets.QApplication(sys.argv)
    MainWindow = QtWidgets.QMainWindow()
    ui = Ui_MainWindow()
    ui.setupUi(MainWindow)
    MainWindow.show()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())

此函数只对windows OS有影响，因此在为其他操作系统编译时不需要担心禁用它，而且在使用标准解释器运行时也不应该有任何效果，也不应该将其编译为exe。