用单词:r替换未接的单词：

Question

我认为这会更简单，但我的字符串后面没有':'，字符串中包含:。我想将:附加到不以:结尾的字符串，而忽略包含:的字符串。

words
[1] "Bajos"    "Ascensor" "habs.:3"
gsub('\\b(?!:)', '\\1:', words, perl = TRUE)
[1] ":Bajos:"     ":Ascensor:"  ":habs:.::3:"
grep('\\W', words)
[1] 3
grep('\\w', words)
[1] 1 2 3 # ?

期望产出：

'Bajos:' 'Ascensor:' 'habs.:3'

Answer 1

使用

"(\\p{L}+)\\b(?![\\p{P}\\p{S}])"

见正则证明。

解释

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  (\p{L}+)                 one or more letters (group #1) 
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  \b                       word boundary
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  (?![\p{P}\p{S}])         no punctuation allowed on the right
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

R代码片段

gsub("(\\p{L}+)\\b(?![\\p{P}\\p{S}])", "\\1:", text, perl=TRUE)

Answer 2

sub("^([^:]*)$", "\\1:", words)
# [1] "Bajos:"    "Ascensor:" "habs.:3"   

或

nocolon <- !grepl(":", words)
words[nocolon] <- paste0(words[nocolon], ":")
words
# [1] "Bajos:"    "Ascensor:" "habs.:3"