如何过滤字典字典？

Question

我有一本字典。

样本：

keyList = ['0','1','2']
valueList = [{'Name': 'Nick', 'Age': 39, 'Country': 'UK'}, {'Name': 'Steve', 'Age': 19, 'Country': 'Spain'}, {'Name': 'Dave', 'Age': 23, 'Country': 'UK'}]
d = {}
for i in range(len(keyList)):
    d[keyList[i]] = valueList[i]

输出：

{'0': {'Name': 'Nick', 'Age': 39, 'Country': 'UK'}, '1': {'Name': 'Steve', 'Age': 19, 'Country': 'Spain'}, '2': {'Name': 'Dave', 'Age': 23, 'Country': 'UK'}}

我想做两件事：

1. 通过在值(例如Name )中的字符串或int值进行筛选，忽略大小写。即删除任何找到字符串/int的key/value。因此，如果在Name中找到'Nick‘，则完全删除key '0’及其值：

{'1': {'Name': 'Steve', 'Age': 19, 'Country': 'Spain'}, '2': {'Name': 'Dave', 'Age': 23, 'Country': 'UK'}}

1. 和上面一样，但是使用了一个字符串列表。即过滤和删除任何出现在国家中的字符串keys，忽略大小写.

{'1': {'Name': 'Steve', 'Age': 19, 'Country': 'Spain'}}

我本来希望下面这个词只适用于一个字符串，但我认为只有当它只是一本字典而不是一本字典时，它才能起作用，所以它不适用于我：

filtered_d = {k: v for k, v in d.items() if "nick".casefold() not in v["Name"]}

有什么建议吗？非常感谢

Answer 1

假设字典中有一个层次的嵌套(而不是字典字典)，您可以使用以下函数，根据提供的值迭代键和过滤器：

from typing import List

def remove_from_dict(key_name: str, values: List[str], dictionary: dict):
    values = [value.casefold() for value in values]

    filtered_dict = {
        key: inner_dict
        for key, inner_dict in dictionary.items()
        if inner_dict[key_name].casefold() not in values
    }

    return filtered_dict


dictionary = {
    "0": {"Name": "Nick", "Age": 39, "Country": "UK"},
    "1": {"Name": "Steve", "Age": 19, "Country": "Spain"},
    "2": {"Name": "Dave", "Age": 23, "Country": "UK"},
}

# Output: {'1': {'Name': 'Steve', 'Age': 19, 'Country': 'Spain'}, '2': {'Name': 'Dave', 'Age': 23, 'Country': 'UK'}}
print(remove_from_dict("Name", ["Nick"], dictionary))
# Output: {'1': {'Name': 'Steve', 'Age': 19, 'Country': 'Spain'}}
print(remove_from_dict("Country", ["uK", "Italy", "New Zealand"], dictionary))

更新：

如果我们想要计算部分匹配，我们必须使用re模块。

import re
from typing import List, Optional


dictionary = {
    "0": {"Name": "Nick", "Age": 39, "Country": "UK"},
    "1": {"Name": "Steve", "Age": 19, "Country": "Spain"},
    "2": {"Name": "Dave", "Age": 23, "Country": "UK"},
}


def remove_from_dict(
    key_name: str,
    values: List[str],
    dictionary: dict,
    use_regex: Optional[bool] = False,
):
    values = [value.casefold() for value in values]

    regular_comparator = lambda string: string.casefold() not in values
    # if the string matches partially with anything in the list, 
    # we need to discard that dictionary. 
    regex_comparator = lambda string: not any(
        re.match(value, string.casefold()) for value in values
    )

    comparator = regex_comparator if use_regex else regular_comparator

    filtered_dict = {
        key: inner_dict
        for key, inner_dict in dictionary.items()
        if comparator(inner_dict[key_name])
    }

    return filtered_dict


# Output: {}, all dictionaries removed
print(remove_from_dict("Country", ["uK", "Spa"], dictionary, use_regex=True))