Apache多语言"java.lang.UnsupportedOperationException: transform :transform:ExternalV1目前不受支持。错误

Question

我正在尝试使用用https://beam.apache.org/documentation/sdks/java-multi-language-pipelines/解释的Apache多语言。但是，当我运行教程中显示的相同代码(可以在这里找到https://github.com/apache/beam/blob/master/examples/multi-language/src/main/java/org/apache/beam/examples/multilanguage/PythonDataframeWordCount.java)时，当后端是Flink时，我会得到错误。

我用命令运行了代码。

mvn compile -e exec:java -Dexec.mainClass=org.apache.beam.examples.WordCountPythonExternal -Dexec.args="--runner=FlinkRunner --inputFile=./data/sample.txt --output=./results/counts2" -Pflink-runner

java.lang.UnsupportedOperationException: The transform beam:transform:external:v1 is currently not supported.
        at org.apache.beam.runners.flink.FlinkBatchPipelineTranslator.visitPrimitiveTransform(FlinkBatchPipelineTranslator.java:99)
        at org.apache.beam.sdk.runners.TransformHierarchy$Node.visit(TransformHierarchy.java:593)
        at org.apache.beam.sdk.runners.TransformHierarchy$Node.visit(TransformHierarchy.java:585)
        at org.apache.beam.sdk.runners.TransformHierarchy$Node.visit(TransformHierarchy.java:585)
        at org.apache.beam.sdk.runners.TransformHierarchy$Node.access$500(TransformHierarchy.java:240)
        at org.apache.beam.sdk.runners.TransformHierarchy.visit(TransformHierarchy.java:214)
        at org.apache.beam.sdk.Pipeline.traverseTopologically(Pipeline.java:469)
        at org.apache.beam.runners.flink.FlinkPipelineTranslator.translate(FlinkPipelineTranslator.java:38)
        at org.apache.beam.runners.flink.FlinkBatchPipelineTranslator.translate(FlinkBatchPipelineTranslator.java:54)
        at org.apache.beam.runners.flink.FlinkPipelineExecutionEnvironment.translate(FlinkPipelineExecutionEnvironment.java:115)
        at org.apache.beam.runners.flink.FlinkRunner.run(FlinkRunner.java:104)
        at org.apache.beam.sdk.Pipeline.run(Pipeline.java:323)
        at org.apache.beam.sdk.Pipeline.run(Pipeline.java:309)
        at org.apache.beam.examples.WordCountPythonExternal.runWordCount(WordCountPythonExternal.java:174)
        at org.apache.beam.examples.WordCountPythonExternal.main(WordCountPythonExternal.java:181)
        at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
        at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
        at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
        at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:566)
        at org.codehaus.mojo.exec.ExecJavaMojo$1.run(ExecJavaMojo.java:282)
        at java.base/java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:829)
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD FAILURE
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time: 7.205 s
[INFO] Finished at: 2022-07-28T07:02:16+00:00
[INFO] Final Memory: 44M/188M
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[ERROR] Failed to execute goal org.codehaus.mojo:exec-maven-plugin:1.6.0:java (default-cli) on project word-count-beam: An exception occured while executing the Java class. The transform beam:transform:external:v1 is currently not supported. -> [Help 1]
org.apache.maven.lifecycle.LifecycleExecutionException: Failed to execute goal org.codehaus.mojo:exec-maven-plugin:1.6.0:java (default-cli) on project word-count-beam: An exception occured while executing the Java class. The transform beam:transform:external:v1 is currently not supported.
        at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.MojoExecutor.execute(MojoExecutor.java:216)
        at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.MojoExecutor.execute(MojoExecutor.java:153)
        at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.MojoExecutor.execute(MojoExecutor.java:145)
        at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.LifecycleModuleBuilder.buildProject(LifecycleModuleBuilder.java:116)
        at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.LifecycleModuleBuilder.buildProject(LifecycleModuleBuilder.java:80)
        at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.builder.singlethreaded.SingleThreadedBuilder.build(SingleThreadedBuilder.java:51)
        at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.LifecycleStarter.execute(LifecycleStarter.java:120)
        at org.apache.maven.DefaultMaven.doExecute(DefaultMaven.java:355)
        at org.apache.maven.DefaultMaven.execute(DefaultMaven.java:155)
        at org.apache.maven.cli.MavenCli.execute(MavenCli.java:584)
        at org.apache.maven.cli.MavenCli.doMain(MavenCli.java:216)
        at org.apache.maven.cli.MavenCli.main(MavenCli.java:160)
        at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
        at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
        at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
        at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:566)
        at org.codehaus.plexus.classworlds.launcher.Launcher.launchEnhanced(Launcher.java:289)
        at org.codehaus.plexus.classworlds.launcher.Launcher.launch(Launcher.java:229)
        at org.codehaus.plexus.classworlds.launcher.Launcher.mainWithExitCode(Launcher.java:415)
        at org.codehaus.plexus.classworlds.launcher.Launcher.main(Launcher.java:356)
Caused by: org.apache.maven.plugin.MojoExecutionException: An exception occured while executing the Java class. The transform beam:transform:external:v1 is currently not supported.
        at org.codehaus.mojo.exec.ExecJavaMojo.execute(ExecJavaMojo.java:339)
        at org.apache.maven.plugin.DefaultBuildPluginManager.executeMojo(DefaultBuildPluginManager.java:132)
        at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.MojoExecutor.execute(MojoExecutor.java:208)
        ... 19 more
Caused by: java.lang.UnsupportedOperationException: The transform beam:transform:external:v1 is currently not supported.
        at org.apache.beam.runners.flink.FlinkBatchPipelineTranslator.visitPrimitiveTransform(FlinkBatchPipelineTranslator.java:99)
        at org.apache.beam.sdk.runners.TransformHierarchy$Node.visit(TransformHierarchy.java:593)
        at org.apache.beam.sdk.runners.TransformHierarchy$Node.visit(TransformHierarchy.java:585)
        at org.apache.beam.sdk.runners.TransformHierarchy$Node.visit(TransformHierarchy.java:585)
        at org.apache.beam.sdk.runners.TransformHierarchy$Node.access$500(TransformHierarchy.java:240)
        at org.apache.beam.sdk.runners.TransformHierarchy.visit(TransformHierarchy.java:214)
        at org.apache.beam.sdk.Pipeline.traverseTopologically(Pipeline.java:469)
        at org.apache.beam.runners.flink.FlinkPipelineTranslator.translate(FlinkPipelineTranslator.java:38)
        at org.apache.beam.runners.flink.FlinkBatchPipelineTranslator.translate(FlinkBatchPipelineTranslator.java:54)
        at org.apache.beam.runners.flink.FlinkPipelineExecutionEnvironment.translate(FlinkPipelineExecutionEnvironment.java:115)
        at org.apache.beam.runners.flink.FlinkRunner.run(FlinkRunner.java:104)
        at org.apache.beam.sdk.Pipeline.run(Pipeline.java:323)
        at org.apache.beam.sdk.Pipeline.run(Pipeline.java:309)
        at org.apache.beam.examples.WordCountPythonExternal.runWordCount(WordCountPythonExternal.java:174)
        at org.apache.beam.examples.WordCountPythonExternal.main(WordCountPythonExternal.java:181)
        at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
        at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
        at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
        at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:566)
        at org.codehaus.mojo.exec.ExecJavaMojo$1.run(ExecJavaMojo.java:282)
        at java.base/java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:829)
[ERROR] 
[ERROR] Re-run Maven using the -X switch to enable full debug logging.
[ERROR] 
[ERROR] For more information about the errors and possible solutions, please read the following articles:
[ERROR] [Help 1] http://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/MAVEN/MojoExecutionException

当后端是Direct时，系统会在下面显示跟踪。然后就停在那里。我使用下面的命令运行代码，我使用命令运行代码。

mvn compile -e exec:java -Dexec.mainClass=org.apache.beam.examples.WordCountPythonExternal -Dexec.args="--inputFile=./data/sample.txt --output=./results/counts2" -Pdirect-runner

Warning: JAVA_HOME environment variable is not set.
[INFO] Error stacktraces are turned on.
[INFO] Scanning for projects...
[INFO]                                                                         
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Building word-count-beam 0.1
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.6:resources (default-resources) @ word-count-beam ---
[WARNING] Using platform encoding (UTF-8 actually) to copy filtered resources, i.e. build is platform dependent!
[INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory /home/ubuntu/beam_projs/tmp_exp/word-count-beam/src/main/resources
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.7.0:compile (default-compile) @ word-count-beam ---
[INFO] Nothing to compile - all classes are up to date
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- exec-maven-plugin:1.6.0:java (default-cli) @ word-count-beam ---
Jul 28, 2022 7:04:20 AM org.apache.beam.sdk.extensions.python.PythonService start
INFO: Running bootstrap command [python3, /tmp/bootstrap_beam_venv8817961971129663193.py]
/tmp/bootstrap_beam_venv8817961971129663193.py:69: DeprecationWarning: distutils Version classes are deprecated. Use packaging.version instead.
  return distutils.version.StrictVersion(s)
/tmp/bootstrap_beam_venv8817961971129663193.py:71: DeprecationWarning: distutils Version classes are deprecated. Use packaging.version instead.
  return distutils.version.StrictVersion('0.0')
Jul 28, 2022 7:04:20 AM org.apache.beam.sdk.extensions.python.PythonService start
INFO: /home/ubuntu/.apache_beam/cache/venvs/py-3.8-beam-2.40.0-da39a3ee5e6b4b0d3255bfef95601890afd80709/bin/python
Jul 28, 2022 7:04:20 AM org.apache.beam.sdk.extensions.python.PythonService start
INFO: Starting python service with arguments [/home/ubuntu/.apache_beam/cache/venvs/py-3.8-beam-2.40.0-da39a3ee5e6b4b0d3255bfef95601890afd80709/bin/python, -m, apache_beam.runners.portability.expansion_service_main, --port, 39435, --fully_qualified_name_glob, *]
INFO:root:Default Python SDK image for environment is apache/beam_python3.8_sdk:2.40.0
INFO:root:No image given, using default Python SDK image
INFO:root:Default Python SDK image for environment is apache/beam_python3.8_sdk:2.40.0
INFO:root:Python SDK container image set to "apache/beam_python3.8_sdk:2.40.0" for Docker environment
INFO:__main__:Listening for expansion requests at 39435
INFO:root:Missing pipeline option (runner). Executing pipeline using the default runner: DirectRunner.
INFO:__main__:Shutting down expansion service.

任何帮助都会被感激的原因是什么。我的目标是使系统工作Flink后端，直接运行试验只是为了看看问题是否与后端有关。你可以在下面找到我的pom.xml文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!--
    Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
    contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
    this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
    The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
    (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
    the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at

       http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

    Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
    distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
    WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
    See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
    limitations under the License.
-->
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

  <groupId>org.example</groupId>
  <artifactId>word-count-beam</artifactId>
  <version>0.1</version>

  <packaging>jar</packaging>

  <properties>
    <beam.version>2.40.0</beam.version>

    <bigquery.version>v2-rev20211129-1.32.1</bigquery.version>
    <google-api-client.version>1.32.1</google-api-client.version>
    <guava.version>31.1-jre</guava.version>
    <hamcrest.version>2.1</hamcrest.version>
    <jackson.version>2.13.0</jackson.version>
    <joda.version>2.10.10</joda.version>
    <junit.version>4.13.1</junit.version>
    <libraries-bom.version>25.2.0</libraries-bom.version>
    <maven-compiler-plugin.version>3.7.0</maven-compiler-plugin.version>
    <maven-exec-plugin.version>1.6.0</maven-exec-plugin.version>
    <maven-jar-plugin.version>3.0.2</maven-jar-plugin.version>
    <maven-shade-plugin.version>3.1.0</maven-shade-plugin.version>
    <mockito.version>3.7.7</mockito.version>
    <pubsub.version>v1-rev20211130-1.32.1</pubsub.version>
    <slf4j.version>1.7.30</slf4j.version>
    <spark.version>2.4.8</spark.version>
    <hadoop.version>2.10.1</hadoop.version>
    <maven-surefire-plugin.version>3.0.0-M5</maven-surefire-plugin.version>
    <nemo.version>0.1</nemo.version>
    <flink.artifact.name>beam-runners-flink-1.15</flink.artifact.name>
  </properties>

  <repositories>
    <repository>
      <id>apache.snapshots</id>
      <name>Apache Development Snapshot Repository</name>
      <url>https://repository.apache.org/content/repositories/snapshots/</url>
      <releases>
        <enabled>false</enabled>
      </releases>
      <snapshots>
        <enabled>true</enabled>
      </snapshots>
    </repository>
  </repositories>

  <build>
    <plugins>
      <plugin>
        <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
        <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
        <version>${maven-compiler-plugin.version}</version>
        <configuration>
        <!--
          <source>1.8</source>
          <target>1.8</target>
          -->
          <release>11</release>  <!--or <release>10</release>-->
        </configuration>
      </plugin>

      <plugin>
        <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
        <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
        <version>${maven-surefire-plugin.version}</version>
        <configuration>
          <parallel>all</parallel>
          <threadCount>4</threadCount>
          <redirectTestOutputToFile>true</redirectTestOutputToFile>
        </configuration>
        <dependencies>
          <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.maven.surefire</groupId>
            <artifactId>surefire-junit47</artifactId>
            <version>${maven-surefire-plugin.version}</version>
          </dependency>
        </dependencies>
      </plugin>

      <!-- Ensure that the Maven jar plugin runs before the Maven
        shade plugin by listing the plugin higher within the file. -->
      <plugin>
        <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
        <artifactId>maven-jar-plugin</artifactId>
        <version>${maven-jar-plugin.version}</version>
      </plugin>

      <!--
        Configures `mvn package` to produce a bundled jar ("fat jar") for runners
        that require this for job submission to a cluster.
      -->
      <plugin>
        <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
        <artifactId>maven-shade-plugin</artifactId>
        <version>${maven-shade-plugin.version}</version>
        <executions>
          <execution>
            <phase>package</phase>
            <goals>
              <goal>shade</goal>
            </goals>
            <configuration>
              <finalName>${project.artifactId}-bundled-${project.version}</finalName>
              <filters>
                <filter>
                  <artifact>*:*</artifact>
                  <excludes>
                    <exclude>META-INF/LICENSE</exclude>
                    <exclude>META-INF/*.SF</exclude>
                    <exclude>META-INF/*.DSA</exclude>
                    <exclude>META-INF/*.RSA</exclude>
                  </excludes>
                </filter>
              </filters>
              <transformers>
                <transformer implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.ServicesResourceTransformer"/>
                <transformer implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.AppendingTransformer">
                  <resource>reference.conf</resource>
                </transformer>
              </transformers>
            </configuration>
          </execution>
        </executions>
      </plugin>
    </plugins>

    <pluginManagement>
      <plugins>
        <plugin>
          <groupId>org.codehaus.mojo</groupId>
          <artifactId>exec-maven-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>${maven-exec-plugin.version}</version>
          <configuration>
            <cleanupDaemonThreads>false</cleanupDaemonThreads>
          </configuration>
          <executions>
              <execution>
                  <id>run-selenium</id>
                  <phase>integration-test</phase>
                  <goals><goal>java</goal></goals>
              </execution>
          </executions>
        </plugin>
      </plugins>
    </pluginManagement>
  </build>

  <profiles>
    <profile>
      <id>direct-runner</id>
      <activation>
        <activeByDefault>true</activeByDefault>
      </activation>
      <!-- Makes the DirectRunner available when running a pipeline. -->
      <dependencies>
        <dependency>
          <groupId>org.apache.beam</groupId>
          <artifactId>beam-runners-direct-java</artifactId>
          <version>${beam.version}</version>
          <scope>runtime</scope>
        </dependency>
      </dependencies>
    </profile>

   <profile>
      <id>portable-runner</id>
      <activation>
        <activeByDefault>true</activeByDefault>
      </activation>
      <!-- Makes the PortableRunner available when running a pipeline. -->
      <dependencies>
        <dependency>
          <groupId>org.apache.beam</groupId>
          <artifactId>beam-runners-portability-java</artifactId>
          <version>${beam.version}</version>
          <scope>runtime</scope>
        </dependency>
      </dependencies>
    </profile>

    <profile>
      <id>dataflow-runner</id>
      <!-- Makes the DataflowRunner available when running a pipeline. -->
      <dependencies>
        <dependency>
          <groupId>org.apache.beam</groupId>
          <artifactId>beam-runners-google-cloud-dataflow-java</artifactId>
          <version>${beam.version}</version>
          <scope>runtime</scope>
        </dependency>
      </dependencies>
    </profile>

    <profile>
      <id>flink-runner</id>
      <!-- Makes the FlinkRunner available when running a pipeline. -->
      <dependencies>
        <dependency>
          <groupId>org.apache.beam</groupId>
          <!-- Please see the Flink Runner page for an up-to-date list
               of supported Flink versions and their artifact names:
               https://beam.apache.org/documentation/runners/flink/ -->
          <artifactId>${flink.artifact.name}</artifactId>
          <version>${beam.version}</version>
          <scope>runtime</scope>
        </dependency>
      </dependencies>
    </profile>

    <profile>
      <id>spark-runner</id>
      <!-- Makes the SparkRunner available when running a pipeline. Additionally,
           overrides some Spark dependencies to Beam-compatible versions. -->
      <properties>
        <netty.version>4.1.17.Final</netty.version>
      </properties>
      <dependencies>
        <dependency>
          <groupId>org.apache.beam</groupId>
          <artifactId>beam-runners-spark</artifactId>
          <version>${beam.version}</version>
          <scope>runtime</scope>
          <exclusions>
            <exclusion>
              <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
              <artifactId>jul-to-slf4j</artifactId>
            </exclusion>
          </exclusions>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
          <groupId>org.apache.beam</groupId>
          <artifactId>beam-sdks-java-io-hadoop-file-system</artifactId>
          <version>${beam.version}</version>
          <scope>runtime</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
          <groupId>org.apache.spark</groupId>
          <artifactId>spark-streaming_2.11</artifactId>
          <version>${spark.version}</version>
          <scope>runtime</scope>
          <exclusions>
            <exclusion>
              <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
              <artifactId>jul-to-slf4j</artifactId>
            </exclusion>
          </exclusions>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
          <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.module</groupId>
          <artifactId>jackson-module-scala_2.11</artifactId>
          <version>${jackson.version}</version>
          <scope>runtime</scope>
        </dependency>
        <!-- [BEAM-3519] GCP IO exposes netty on its API surface, causing conflicts with runners -->
        <dependency>
          <groupId>org.apache.beam</groupId>
          <artifactId>beam-sdks-java-io-google-cloud-platform</artifactId>
          <version>${beam.version}</version>
          <exclusions>
            <exclusion>
              <groupId>io.grpc</groupId>
              <artifactId>grpc-netty</artifactId>
            </exclusion>
            <exclusion>
              <groupId>io.netty</groupId>
              <artifactId>netty-handler</artifactId>
            </exclusion>
          </exclusions>
        </dependency>
      </dependencies>
    </profile>
    <profile>
      <id>samza-runner</id>
      <dependencies>
        <dependency>
          <groupId>org.apache.beam</groupId>
          <artifactId>beam-runners-samza</artifactId>
          <version>${beam.version}</version>
          <scope>runtime</scope>
        </dependency>
      </dependencies>
    </profile>
    <profile>
      <id>twister2-runner</id>
      <dependencies>
        <dependency>
          <groupId>org.apache.beam</groupId>
          <artifactId>beam-runners-twister2</artifactId>
          <version>${beam.version}</version>
          <scope>runtime</scope>
        </dependency>
      </dependencies>
    </profile>
    <profile>
      <id>nemo-runner</id>
      <dependencies>
        <dependency>
          <groupId>org.apache.nemo</groupId>
          <artifactId>nemo-compiler-frontend-beam</artifactId>
          <version>${nemo.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
          <groupId>org.apache.hadoop</groupId>
          <artifactId>hadoop-common</artifactId>
          <version>${hadoop.version}</version>
          <exclusions>
            <exclusion>
              <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
              <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
            </exclusion>
            <exclusion>
              <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
              <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
            </exclusion>
          </exclusions>
        </dependency>
      </dependencies>
    </profile>

    <profile>
      <id>jet-runner</id>
      <dependencies>
        <dependency>
          <groupId>org.apache.beam</groupId>
          <artifactId>beam-runners-jet</artifactId>
          <version>${beam.version}</version>
          <scope>runtime</scope>
        </dependency>
      </dependencies>
    </profile>

  </profiles>

  <dependencies>
    <!-- Adds a dependency on the Beam SDK. -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.apache.beam</groupId>
      <artifactId>beam-sdks-java-core</artifactId>
      <version>${beam.version}</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.apache.beam</groupId>
      <artifactId>beam-sdks-java-extensions-python</artifactId>
      <version>${beam.version}</version>
    </dependency>
        <!-- Thanks for using https://jar-download.com -->

    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.beam/beam-sdks-java-extensions-protobuf -->
  <dependency>
      <groupId>org.apache.beam</groupId>
      <artifactId>beam-sdks-java-extensions-protobuf</artifactId>
      <version>${beam.version}</version>
  </dependency>

    <!-- Adds a dependency on the Beam Google Cloud Platform IO module. -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.apache.beam</groupId>
      <artifactId>beam-sdks-java-io-google-cloud-platform</artifactId>
      <version>${beam.version}</version>
    </dependency>


    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.google.api-client</groupId>
      <artifactId>google-api-client</artifactId>
      <version>${google-api-client.version}</version>
      <exclusions>
        <!-- Exclude an old version of guava that is being pulled
             in by a transitive dependency of google-api-client -->
        <exclusion>
          <groupId>com.google.guava</groupId>
          <artifactId>guava-jdk5</artifactId>
        </exclusion>
      </exclusions>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.google.apis</groupId>
      <artifactId>google-api-services-bigquery</artifactId>
      <version>${bigquery.version}</version>
      <exclusions>
        <!-- Exclude an old version of guava that is being pulled
             in by a transitive dependency of google-api-client -->
        <exclusion>
          <groupId>com.google.guava</groupId>
          <artifactId>guava-jdk5</artifactId>
        </exclusion>
      </exclusions>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.google.http-client</groupId>
      <artifactId>google-http-client</artifactId>
      <exclusions>
        <!-- Exclude an old version of guava that is being pulled
             in by a transitive dependency of google-api-client -->
        <exclusion>
          <groupId>com.google.guava</groupId>
          <artifactId>guava-jdk5</artifactId>
        </exclusion>
      </exclusions>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.google.apis</groupId>
      <artifactId>google-api-services-pubsub</artifactId>
      <version>${pubsub.version}</version>
      <exclusions>
        <!-- Exclude an old version of guava that is being pulled
             in by a transitive dependency of google-api-client -->
        <exclusion>
          <groupId>com.google.guava</groupId>
          <artifactId>guava-jdk5</artifactId>
        </exclusion>
      </exclusions>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>joda-time</groupId>
      <artifactId>joda-time</artifactId>
      <version>${joda.version}</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- Add slf4j API frontend binding with JUL backend -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
      <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
      <version>${slf4j.version}</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
      <artifactId>slf4j-jdk14</artifactId>
      <version>${slf4j.version}</version>
      <!-- When loaded at runtime this will wire up slf4j to the JUL backend -->
      <scope>runtime</scope>
    </dependency>

    <!-- Hamcrest and JUnit are required dependencies of PAssert,
         which is used in the main code of DebuggingWordCount example. -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.hamcrest</groupId>
      <artifactId>hamcrest-core</artifactId>
      <version>${hamcrest.version}</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.hamcrest</groupId>
      <artifactId>hamcrest-library</artifactId>
      <version>${hamcrest.version}</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
      <version>${junit.version}</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- The DirectRunner is needed for unit tests. -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.apache.beam</groupId>
      <artifactId>beam-runners-direct-java</artifactId>
      <version>${beam.version}</version>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.mockito</groupId>
      <artifactId>mockito-core</artifactId>
      <version>${mockito.version}</version>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
  </dependencies>

  <dependencyManagement>
    <dependencies>
      <dependency>
        <groupId>com.google.guava</groupId>
        <artifactId>guava</artifactId>
        <version>${guava.version}</version>  <!-- "-jre" for Java 8 or higher -->
      </dependency>
      <!-- GCP libraries BOM sets the version for google http client -->
      <dependency>
        <groupId>com.google.cloud</groupId>
        <artifactId>libraries-bom</artifactId>
        <version>${libraries-bom.version}</version>
        <type>pom</type>
        <scope>import</scope>
      </dependency>
    </dependencies>
  </dependencyManagement>
</project>

Answer 1

我相信这里的问题是，您正在尝试使用跨语言转换的遗留(非便携式)梁Flink运行程序和直接运行。

跨语言转换只适用于梁的便携式跑步者。

有关使用便携式Flink转轮运行作业的说明，请参见这里。