无法导入PyMc3

Question

我已经安装了PyMc3，但是import pymc3 as pm失败了。以下是错误消息：

WARNING (theano.configdefaults): g++ not available, if using conda: `conda install m2w64-toolchain`
C:\Users\miallana\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python39\lib\site-packages\theano\configdefaults.py:560: UserWarning: DeprecationWarning: there is no c++ compiler.This is deprecated and with Theano 0.11 a c++ compiler will be mandatory
  warnings.warn("DeprecationWarning: there is no c++ compiler."
WARNING (theano.configdefaults): g++ not detected ! Theano will be unable to execute optimized C-implementations (for both CPU and GPU) and will default to Python implementations. Performance will be severely degraded. 
To remove this warning, set Theano flags cxx to an empty string.
WARNING (theano.tensor.blas): Using NumPy C-API based implementation for BLAS functions.
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "c:\Users\miallana\Documents\project\stats.py", line 26, in <module>
    import pymc3 as pm
  File "C:\Users\miallana\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python39\lib\site-packages\pymc3\__init__.py", line 41, in <module>
    from .distributions import *
  File "C:\Users\miallana\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python39\lib\site-packages\pymc3\distributions\__init__.py", line 15, in <module>
    from . import timeseries
  File "C:\Users\miallana\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python39\lib\site-packages\pymc3\distributions\timeseries.py", line 22, in <module>
    from pymc3.util import get_variable_name
  File "C:\Users\miallana\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python39\lib\site-packages\pymc3\util.py", line 19, in <module>
    import xarray
  File "C:\Users\miallana\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python39\lib\site-packages\xarray\__init__.py", line 1, in <module>
    from . import testing, tutorial
  File "C:\Users\miallana\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python39\lib\site-packages\xarray\testing.py", line 9, in <module>
    from xarray.core import duck_array_ops, formatting, utils
  File "C:\Users\miallana\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python39\lib\site-packages\xarray\core\duck_array_ops.py", line 26, in <module>
    from . import dask_array_compat, dask_array_ops, dtypes, npcompat, nputils
  File "C:\Users\miallana\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python39\lib\site-packages\xarray\core\npcompat.py", line 72, in <module>
    _SupportsDType[np.dtype],
  File "C:\Users\miallana\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python39\lib\typing.py", line 262, in inner
    return func(*args, **kwds)
  File "C:\Users\miallana\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python39\lib\typing.py", line 980, in __class_getitem__
    _check_generic(cls, params, len(cls.__parameters__))
  File "C:\Users\miallana\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python39\lib\site-packages\typing_extensions.py", line 92, in _check_generic
    raise TypeError(f"{cls} is not a generic class")
TypeError: <class 'numpy.typing._dtype_like._SupportsDType'> is not a generic class

我用pip install pymc3安装了它，然后尝试了这和这。我没有康达。

我的装置是：

Python 3.9.1
pymc3 3.9.3
Theano 1.0.5
Windows 10

Answer 1

我解决了我的问题。看来xarray在使用numpy时遇到了问题:我安装了xarray 2022.6.0和numpy 1.20.0，就像提到的这里一样。然后，从这里，xarray 2022.3.0似乎完成了这项工作。因此，我卸载了xarray 2022.6.0并安装了2022.3.0。

然后，pymc3 3.9.3和arviz 0.12.1之间也存在版本兼容性问题。因此，我安装了pymc3的最新版本，即3.11.5。然后，模块导入时没有出错，即使我仍然有警告。

Answer 2

如果我正确理解了您的问题，您就可以安装PyMc3了，没有任何问题，但是将模块导入python文件是个问题。我已经在Microsoft和beepy模块上遇到了这个错误，我通过安装最新版本的visual c++：https://learn.microsoft.com/fr-fr/cpp/windows/latest-supported-vc-redist?view=msvc-170来修复它。我希望这个解决方案将是有用的，它将允许您继续您的项目。