在文件模式下修改码头图像mysql的时区和字符集。

Question

mysql的默认配置

mysql> show variables like'%time_zone';
+------------------+--------+
| Variable_name    | Value  |
+------------------+--------+
| system_time_zone | UTC    |
| time_zone        | SYSTEM |
+------------------+--------+

mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'character%';
+--------------------------+--------------------------------+
| Variable_name            | Value                          |
+--------------------------+--------------------------------+
| character_set_client     | latin1                         |
| character_set_connection | latin1                         |
| character_set_database   | utf8mb4                        |
| character_set_filesystem | binary                         |
| character_set_results    | latin1                         |
| character_set_server     | utf8mb4                        |
| character_set_system     | utf8mb3                        |
| character_sets_dir       | /usr/share/mysql-8.0/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+--------------------------------+

我想将时区更改为East 8，将字符集改为utf-8，以解决汉字混淆的问题。

Answer 1

永久修改Docker容器中mysql的时区

适用于mysql码头图像5.7 ~最新

输入已成功运行的docker映像。

docker exec -it mysql bash

查看数据库时区配置：

show variables like'%time_zone';

查看数据库时区结果：

mysql> show variables like "%time_zone";
+------------------+--------+
| Variable_name    | Value  |
+------------------+--------+
| system_time_zone | UTC    |
| time_zone        | SYSTEM |
+------------------+--------+

查看数据库字符集配置：

SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'character%';

查看数据库字符集结果：

mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'character%';
+--------------------------+--------------------------------+
| Variable_name            | Value                          |
+--------------------------+--------------------------------+
| character_set_client     | latin1                         |
| character_set_connection | latin1                         |
| character_set_database   | latin1                         |
| character_set_filesystem | binary                         |
| character_set_results    | latin1                         |
| character_set_server     | latin1                         |
| character_set_system     | utf8                           |
| character_sets_dir       | /usr/share/mysql-8.0/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+--------------------------------+

升级apt包管理工具(原因:不升级就无法下载vim )

apt-get update

apt升级完成后下载vim

apt-get install vim

如果vim修改了docker.cnf或mysqld.cnf图像文件，它将生效。你可以修改其中的任何一个。

vim /etc/mysql/conf.d/docker.cnf

或：

vim /etc/mysql/conf.d/mysql.cnf

文件中的默认显示(以下都以docker.cnf为例)：

[mysqld]
skip-host-cache
skip-name-resolve

添加时区配置:东坝区(中国)

[mysqld]
default-time_zone = '+8:00'

增加数据库服务器utf8字符集配置

[mysqld]
character_set_server=utf8

增加数据库客户端utf8字符集配置

[client]
default-character-set=utf8

添加完成后，将显示为：

[mysqld]
skip-host-cache
skip-name-resolve
default-time_zone = '+8:00'
character_set_server=utf8

[client]
default-character-set=utf8

保存配置后，重新启动数据库(有效期为5.7)

service mysql restart

**建议直接退出容器并重新启动容器(因为在重新启动mysql之后仍然需要启动映像，最好是退出容器并直接重新启动映像)

docker restart mysql

再次输入docker映像mysql以查看修改是否成功。

时区视图：

show variables like "%time_zone";

时区视图结果：

mysql> show variables like "%time_zone";
+------------------+--------+
| Variable_name    | Value  |
+------------------+--------+
| system_time_zone | UTC    |
| time_zone        | +08:00 |
+------------------+--------+

字符集视图：

SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'character%';

字符集视图结果：

mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'character%';
+--------------------------+--------------------------------+
| Variable_name            | Value                          |
+--------------------------+--------------------------------+
| character_set_client     | utf8mb3                        |
| character_set_connection | utf8mb3                        |
| character_set_database   | utf8mb3                        |
| character_set_filesystem | binary                         |
| character_set_results    | utf8mb3                        |
| character_set_server     | utf8mb3                        |
| character_set_system     | utf8mb3                        |
| character_sets_dir       | /usr/share/mysql-8.0/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+--------------------------------+