EMACS:如何为使用关键字选择的类似Algol的语言编写语法着色模式

Question

我正在尝试为Imp设置语法着色，Imp是一种类似Algol的语言，使用关键字行，即关键字是'%‘字符，后面跟着字母，直到任何非alpha字符，如%begin.。我发现修改-语法条目足以为Imp注释着色，但我必须使用Hi来显示关键字。我喜欢帮助的是:在打开任何扩展名为.imp的文件时，我如何从~/..emacs文件加载解锁的regexp，而不是在每个单独的.imp文件中显式保存规则？到目前为止，我的情况如下：

(defconst my-imp-mode-syntax-table
  (let ((table (make-syntax-table)))
    (modify-syntax-entry ?' "\"" table)
    (modify-syntax-entry ?\" "\"" table)
    (modify-syntax-entry ?! "<" table)
    (modify-syntax-entry ?\n ">" table)
    (modify-syntax-entry ?{ "<" table)
    (modify-syntax-entry ?} ">" table)
    (modify-syntax-entry ?\( "()" table)
    (modify-syntax-entry ?\) ")(" table)
    table))
(define-derived-mode my-imp-mode prog-mode "Simple Imp Mode"
  :syntax-table my-imp-mode-syntax-table
  (font-lock-fontify-buffer))
(add-to-list 'auto-mode-alist '("\\.i\\'" . my-imp-mode))
(add-to-list 'auto-mode-alist '("\\.imp\\'" . my-imp-mode))
(global-hi-lock-mode 1)
(setq hi-lock-file-patterns-policy (lambda (pattern) t))
(defface imp-keyword
  '((t (:weight bold :foreground "cyan")))
  "Face for IMP keywords"
  :group 'hi-lock-faces)
(defface imp-constant
  '((t (:foreground "green")))
  "Face for IMP numeric constants"
  :group 'hi-lock-faces)
;; I would like to load these patterns on opening a .imp file:
;; (("\\%[A-Za-z]*" (0 (quote imp-keyword) prepend)))
;; (("\\<[\\-+]*[0-9]*\\.?[0-9]+\\(\\|@[\\-+]?[0-9]+\\)?\\>" (0 (quote imp-constant) prepend)))

下面是一个Imp文件的示例：

! Hi-lock: (("\\%[A-Za-z]*" (0 (quote imp-keyword) prepend)))
! Hi-lock: (("\\<[\\-]?[0-9]*\\.?[0-9]+\\(\\@[\\-+]?[0-9]+\\)?\\>" (0 (quote imp-constant) prepend)))

%begin
! ackerman function - this is a whole-line comment
%integer x,y,j,k

%integerfn acker {short for ackerman - this is a bracketed comment by the way} (%integer m,n)
  %if m = 0 %then %result = n+1
  %if n = 0 %then %result = acker(m-1,1)
  %result = acker(m-1, acker(m, n-1))
%end

prompt("Ackerman, First param (1..4)?"); read(x)
prompt("         Second param (1..7)?"); read(y)
write(acker(x,y), 4); newline

%endofprogram

通过从上面应用elisp，您可以看到预期的高亮显示是什么样子。(着色的细节只是一份草稿，直到我想出如何做为止。我以后可以调整颜色等)

Answer 1

不需要Hi模块--可以使用标准语法着色机制为新语言编写语法着色，如下所示：

(defconst imp-mode-syntax-table
  (let ((table (make-syntax-table)))
    ;; turn off ' and " from being string delimiters
    (modify-syntax-entry ?'  "-" table)
    (modify-syntax-entry ?\" "-" table)
    table))

;; Highlight comments, %stropped keywords, and numbers:
(setq imp-highlights
      '(
        ;; many forms of comments including after labels
        (";[ ]*!" ".*"      nil nil (0 font-lock-comment-face))
        ("^[ ]*!" ".*;"     nil nil (0 font-lock-comment-face))
        ("^[ ]*!" ".*"      nil nil (0 font-lock-comment-face))
        ("%c\\([ ]+[%]+\\|[%]*\\)*o\\([ ]+[%]+\\|[%]*\\)*m\\([ ]+[%]+\\|[%]*\\)*m\\([ ]+[%]+\\|[%]*\\)*e\\([ ]+[%]+\\|[%]*\\)*n\\([ ]+[%]+\\|[%]*\\)*t" ".*;"   nil nil
(0 font-lock-comment-face))
        ("%c\\([ ]+[%]+\\|[%]*\\)*o\\([ ]+[%]+\\|[%]*\\)*m\\([ ]+[%]+\\|[%]*\\)*m\\([ ]+[%]+\\|[%]*\\)*e\\([ ]+[%]+\\|[%]*\\)*n\\([ ]+[%]+\\|[%]*\\)*t" "[^$]*" nil nil
(0 font-lock-comment-face))
        (":[ ]*!" "[^$]*"   nil nil (0 font-lock-comment-face))
        ("{[^}]*}"                  . 'font-lock-comment-face )
        ("{.*$"                     . 'font-lock-comment-face )
        ;; char constants, old-style strings, and old-style based constants
        ("[MBOXER]?'[^']*'"          . 'font-lock-constant-face)
        ("\"[^\"]*\""               . 'font-lock-string-face  )
        ;; Based IMP constants
        ("\\<[0-9][ ]*[0-9 ]*[ ]*_[ ]*[0-9A-Fa-f][0-9A-Fa-f ]*\\>" . 'font-lock-constant-face)
        ;; Decimal IMP constants
        ("\\<[0-9][0-9 ]*\\.[ ]*[0-9][0-9 ]*@[ ]*[-+]?[ ]*[0-9][0-9 ]*\\>" . 'font-lock-constant-face)
        ("\\<[0-9][0-9 ]*\\.[ ]*[0-9][0-9 ]*\\>" . 'font-lock-constant-face)
        ;; Integer IMP constants
        ("\\<[0-9][ ]*[0-9][0-9 ]*\\>" . 'font-lock-constant-face)
        ("\\<[0-9][ ]*\\>" . 'font-lock-constant-face)
        ;; stropped keywords
        ("\\%[A-Za-z][A-Za-z]*"       . 'font-lock-keyword-face )
        ))

(define-derived-mode imp-mode prog-mode "Simple Imp Mode"
   :syntax-table imp-mode-syntax-table
  (setq font-lock-defaults '(imp-highlights))
  (font-lock-fontify-buffer)
  )

;; Apply automatically to Imp source files:
(add-to-list 'auto-mode-alist '("\\.i\\'" . imp-mode))
(add-to-list 'auto-mode-alist '("\\.imp\\'" . imp-mode))
(add-to-list 'auto-mode-alist '("\\.imp77\\'" . imp-mode))
(add-to-list 'auto-mode-alist '("\\.imp80\\'" . imp-mode))

;; enter <esc>xfun<cr> to disable imp-mode if unwanted during an edit.

基于http://xahlee.info/emacs/emacs/elisp_syntax_coloring.html的信息