如何根据枚举键(从字符串)返回多个枚举类型的类型记录枚举值？

Question

我有一个环境变量作为字符串输入到我的应用程序中，并构建了一个配置方法来验证并返回基于enum键的枚举值(来自string)：

import { LedMatrix, RowAddressType, MuxType } from 'rpi-led-matrix'

// Validate and return valid MatrixOptions.rowAddressType
export const configRowAddressType = (
  configRowAddressType?: string,
): RowAddressType => {
  if (!configRowAddressType) {
    return LedMatrix.defaultMatrixOptions().rowAddressType
  }

  const rowAddressType = configRowAddressType as keyof typeof RowAddressType

  const keys = Object.keys(RowAddressType)
  if (keys.includes(rowAddressType)) {
    return RowAddressType[rowAddressType]
  }

  if (rowAddressType) {
    console.error(
      `supplied rowAddressType key of ${rowAddressType} is not a valid option, assigning default of ${
        LedMatrix.defaultMatrixOptions().rowAddressType
      }.`,
    )
  }

  return LedMatrix.defaultMatrixOptions().rowAddressType
}

它起作用了。但是，我有另一个看起来非常相似的方法，它验证并键入另一个变量表示另一个枚举键：

// Validate and return valid MatrixOptions.multiplexing
export const configMultiplexing = (configMultiplexing?: string): MuxType => {
  if (!configMultiplexing) {
    return LedMatrix.defaultMatrixOptions().multiplexing
  }

  const multiplexing = configMultiplexing as keyof typeof MuxType

  const keys = Object.keys(MuxType)
  if (keys.includes(multiplexing)) {
    return MuxType[multiplexing]
  }

  if (multiplexing) {
    console.error(
      `supplied multiplexing key of ${multiplexing} is not a valid option, assigning default of ${
        LedMatrix.defaultMatrixOptions().multiplexing
      }.`,
    )
  }

  return LedMatrix.defaultMatrixOptions().multiplexing
}

我将总共有五种类似的方法。这似乎是多余的，但我正在挣扎如何返回一个动态枚举类型。下面是一个可能奏效的粗略例子，也许并不理想：

export const configEnumValueByKey = (inputValue: string, enumType: RowAddressType | MuxType | SomethingElse | AnotherSomething | MoreSomething | YetAnother): RowAddressType | MuxType | SomethingElse | AnotherSomething | MoreSomething | YetAnother => {
  // ...
}

是否可以为处理动态设置返回类型的单个方法进行重构？

Answer 1

我在做类似的事情，所以我给你做了扩展。我不知道该说什么，如果你有兴趣的话，这里有一些参考资料。功能过载 类型泛型

编辑：如果rawValue是枚举值之一，则修正返回defaultValue

//Enums
enum Locations {
    Address1 = 0,
    Address2 = 1,
    Address3 = 'SDF'
}
enum Actions {
    Scan = 0,
    Print = 1,
    SelfDestruct = 2
}

//Wrappers around the actual validate function, which can be left untouched
const configLocations = (location?: string) => {
    return validateEnum(Locations, location, Locations.Address1);
}
const configActionType = (actionType?: string) => {
    //No default value
    return validateEnum(Actions, actionType);
}

const val = configLocations('SDF'); //Will be the default value, accurate type
const val2 = configActionType('Print')
console.log(val, val2);

//Generic type for the enum list
type Enum<E> = Record<keyof E, number | string> & { [k: number]: string };
// Use overloads to correctly type return value, if `defaultValue` is present.
// Quirk: `rawValue` cannot be an optional parameter because we want to type `defaultValue` as required. Must specify undefined explicitly in some cases

function validateEnum<E extends Enum<E>>(enumList: E, rawValue: string | undefined): E[keyof E] | undefined;
function validateEnum<E extends Enum<E>>(enumList: E, rawValue: string | undefined, defaultValue: E[keyof E]): E[keyof E];
function validateEnum<E extends Enum<E>>(
    enumList: E,
    rawValue: string | undefined,
    defaultValue?: E[keyof E]
) : E[keyof E] | undefined {
    
    if (rawValue === undefined) {
        return defaultValue;
    }

    // Object.keys on an enum also returns the values (for non-string values). console.log(Object.keys(Locations)) -> ["0", "1", "Address1", "Address2", "Address3"]
    // We can just filter out the keys that are not parsable as numbers (numeric enum keys are not allowed anyways).
    const enumKeys = Object.keys(enumList).filter(k => isNaN(Number(k)) === true);
    if (enumKeys.includes(rawValue)) {
        return enumList[rawValue as keyof E];
    }

    console.error(
        `supplied rowAddressType key of ${rawValue} is not a valid option` +
        (defaultValue ? `. Replacing with a default value of: ${defaultValue}.` : '')
    );
    return defaultValue;
}