如何在使用awk完成模式匹配后打印新行

Question

数据如下所示。路径将处于活动就绪运行状态。如果没有，可以忽略那些。

[root@dev-vm:~]# multipath -ll
dev_mig (3624a9370402ea6a5e67a4646002114g7) dm-11 PURE,FlashArray
size=5.0T features='0' hwhandler='0' wp=rw
`-+- policy='queue-length 0' prio=1 status=active
  |- 0:0:3:2 sder 129:48 active ready running
  |- 0:0:2:2 sdep 129:16 active ready running
  |- 1:0:2:2 sdkh 66:336 active ready running
  `- 1:0:3:2 sdkj 66:368 active ready running
dev_mig_temp (3624a9370402ea6a5e67a4646002114g6) dm-10 PURE,FlashArray
size=6.0T features='0' hwhandler='0' wp=rw
`-+- policy='queue-length 0' prio=1 status=active
  |- 0:0:2:1 sdeo 129:0  active ready running
  |- 0:0:3:1 sdeq 129:32 active ready running
  |- 1:0:2:1 sdkg 66:320 active ready running
  `- 1:0:3:1 sdki 66:352 active ready running

尝试以以下格式打印。输出如下所示。

[root@dev-vm:~]# multipath -ll | awk '/PURE/ {print $1 " " $2} /active ready running/ {printf $(NF-4) " "}'
dev_mig (3624a9370402ea6a5e67a4646002114g7)
sder sdep sdkh sdkj dev_mig_temp (3624a9370402ea6a5e67a4646002114g6)
sdeo sdeq sdkg sdki [root@dev-vm:~]#

但是希望在打印完整个输出后获得一个新的行/shell提示符。尝试使用"\n“多路径-ll \NF‘/纯/ {print $1”“$2} /active就绪运行/ {printf $(NF-4) "\n"}’，但它没有打印为受影响的。请帮我弄到下面。

预期产出-：

    [root@dev-vm:~]# multipath -ll | awk '/PURE/ {print $1 " " $2} /active ready running/ {printf $(NF-4) " "}'
    dev_mig (3624a9370402ea6a5e67a4646002114g7)
    sder sdep sdkh sdkj 
    dev_mig_temp (3624a9370402ea6a5e67a4646002114g6)
    sdeo sdeq sdkg sdki 
[root@dev-vm:~]#

Answer 1

OP的当前awk代码是接近的；只需要添加几个条件检查来确定何时终止一行printf调用；对OP的当前awk代码进行一些更改：

awk '
/PURE/                 { if (NR>1) print ""                  # terminate previous line?
                         print $1,$2
                         pfx=""                              # reset prefix to empty string
                       }
/active ready running/ { printf "%s%s", pfx, $(NF-4)         # 1st match prints with a prefix of empty string
                         pfx=OFS                             # set prefix to OFS for rest of matches
                       }
END                    { if (pfx==OFS) print "" }            # terminate last line?
'

这就产生了：

dev_mig (3624a9370402ea6a5e67a4646002114g7)
sder sdep sdkh sdkj
dev_mig_temp (3624a9370402ea6a5e67a4646002114g6)
sdeo sdeq sdkg sdki

Answer 2

在每个Unix框上使用任何shell中的任何awk：

$ cat tst.awk
/PURE/ {
    if ( NR>1 ) {
        prt()
    }
    cnt = 0
}
{ buf[++cnt] = $0 }
END { prt() }

function prt(   a,i,rest) {
    split(buf[1],a)
    print a[1], a[2]
    for ( i=4; i<=cnt; i++ ) {
        if ( buf[i] ~ /active ready running/ ) {
            split(buf[i],a)
            rest = (rest == "" ? "" : rest OFS) a[3]
        }
    }
    if ( rest != "" ) {
        print rest
    }
}

$ awk -f tst.awk file
dev_mig (3624a9370402ea6a5e67a4646002114g7)
sder sdep sdkh sdkj
dev_mig_temp (3624a9370402ea6a5e67a4646002114g6)
sdeo sdeq sdkg sdki

Answer 3

我会按下面的方式把你的代码

awk '/PURE/ {print (j++?"\n":"") $1 " " $2} /active ready running/ {printf $(NF-4) " "}'

在管道命令输出后

dev_mig (3624a9370402ea6a5e67a4646002114g7) dm-11 PURE,FlashArray
size=5.0T features='0' hwhandler='0' wp=rw
`-+- policy='queue-length 0' prio=1 status=active
  |- 0:0:3:2 sder 129:48 active ready running
  |- 0:0:2:2 sdep 129:16 active ready running
  |- 1:0:2:2 sdkh 66:336 active ready running
  `- 1:0:3:2 sdkj 66:368 active ready running
dev_mig_temp (3624a9370402ea6a5e67a4646002114g6) dm-10 PURE,FlashArray
size=6.0T features='0' hwhandler='0' wp=rw
`-+- policy='queue-length 0' prio=1 status=active
  |- 0:0:2:1 sdeo 129:0  active ready running
  |- 0:0:3:1 sdeq 129:32 active ready running
  |- 1:0:2:1 sdkg 66:320 active ready running
  `- 1:0:3:1 sdki 66:352 active ready running

进入它，它会产生

dev_mig (3624a9370402ea6a5e67a4646002114g7)
sder sdep sdkh sdkj 
dev_mig_temp (3624a9370402ea6a5e67a4646002114g6)
sdeo sdeq sdkg sdki 

说明:我所做的唯一改变就是使用{print $1 " " $2}替换{print (j++?"\n":"") $1 " " $2}，因此它将使用换行符取代所有的打印，但首先使用换行符。根据您的要求，在输出的第2行和第4行将有尾随的空间。为了获得期望的输出，我将所谓的三元操作符condition?valueiftrue:valueiffalse与++后面的变量组合在一起。对于第一次执行(然后使用空字符串)和1，2，3. j++值为0.用于后续执行(然后使用换行符)。免责声明：该解决方案的目的是通过对原始代码的最小修改获得所需的输出。

(在gawk 4.2.1中测试)