生成backports.zoneinfo失败

Question

在终端中，我运行命令docker build .，但dockerfile无法安装。

 Building wheel for backports.zoneinfo (pyproject.toml): finished with status 'error'
  error: subprocess-exited-with-error
  
  × Building wheel for backports.zoneinfo (pyproject.toml) did not run successfully.
  │ exit code: 1
  ╰─> [35 lines of output]
      running bdist_wheel
      running build
      running build_py
      creating build
      creating build/lib.linux-x86_64-cpython-38
      creating build/lib.linux-x86_64-cpython-38/backports
      copying src/backports/__init__.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-cpython-38/backports
      creating build/lib.linux-x86_64-cpython-38/backports/zoneinfo
      copying src/backports/zoneinfo/__init__.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-cpython-38/backports/zoneinfo
      copying src/backports/zoneinfo/_zoneinfo.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-cpython-38/backports/zoneinfo
      copying src/backports/zoneinfo/_common.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-cpython-38/backports/zoneinfo
      copying src/backports/zoneinfo/_version.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-cpython-38/backports/zoneinfo
      copying src/backports/zoneinfo/_tzpath.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-cpython-38/backports/zoneinfo
      running egg_info
      writing src/backports.zoneinfo.egg-info/PKG-INFO
      writing dependency_links to src/backports.zoneinfo.egg-info/dependency_links.txt
      writing requirements to src/backports.zoneinfo.egg-info/requires.txt
      writing top-level names to src/backports.zoneinfo.egg-info/top_level.txt
      reading manifest file 'src/backports.zoneinfo.egg-info/SOURCES.txt'
      reading manifest template 'MANIFEST.in'
      warning: no files found matching '*.png' under directory 'docs'
      warning: no files found matching '*.svg' under directory 'docs'
      no previously-included directories found matching 'docs/_build'
      no previously-included directories found matching 'docs/_output'
      adding license file 'LICENSE'
      adding license file 'licenses/LICENSE_APACHE'
      writing manifest file 'src/backports.zoneinfo.egg-info/SOURCES.txt'
      copying src/backports/zoneinfo/__init__.pyi -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-cpython-38/backports/zoneinfo
      copying src/backports/zoneinfo/py.typed -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-cpython-38/backports/zoneinfo
      running build_ext
      building 'backports.zoneinfo._czoneinfo' extension
      creating build/temp.linux-x86_64-cpython-38
      creating build/temp.linux-x86_64-cpython-38/lib
      gcc -Wno-unused-result -Wsign-compare -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O3 -Wall -DTHREAD_STACK_SIZE=0x100000 -fPIC -I/usr/local/include/python3.8 -c lib/zoneinfo_module.c -o build/temp.linux-x86_64-cpython-38/lib/zoneinfo_module.o -std=c99
      error: command 'gcc' failed: No such file or directory
      [end of output]
  
  note: This error originates from a subprocess, and is likely not a problem with pip.
  ERROR: Failed building wheel for backports.zoneinfo
Failed to build backports.zoneinfo
ERROR: Could not build wheels for backports.zoneinfo, which is required to install pyproject.toml-based projects
WARNING: You are using pip version 22.0.4; however, version 22.1 is available.
You should consider upgrading via the '/usr/local/bin/python -m pip install --upgrade pip' command.
The command '/bin/sh -c pip install -r /requirements.txt' returned a non-zero code: 1

我尝试过很多事情，比如：

pip install --upgrade pip wheel
pip install backports.zoneinfo
pip install tzdata
sudo apt-get install ruby-full

他们都帮不上忙。正如我在密码中看到的那样，我没有gcc。我试着安装。但失败了。

我的操作系统是Ubuntu20.04。Python 3.8.10

提前谢谢你。

Answer 1

除了：

sudo apt-get install build-essential

正如@JanWilamowski所暗示的，你也需要。此命令安装gcc，即GNU编译器(与许多其他项一起)。

sudo apt-get install python3-dev。

然后，如果您尝试pip install backports.zoninfo，如果应该像预期的那样工作。还应该注意的是，将这些安装在计算机上并不等同于将其安装在Docker容器中的。需要单独使用Docker编写文件来完成这些操作。