TypeError: create_superuser()缺少2个必需的位置参数

Question

当我输入电子邮件和密码时，我试图创建一个用户，我收到了这个错误。

  File "/mnt/c/Users/ZAKARIA/Desktop/project/env/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/contrib/auth/management/commands/createsuperuser.py", line 232, in handle
    self.UserModel._default_manager.db_manager(database).create_superuser(
TypeError: create_superuser() missing 2 required positional arguments: 'first_name' and 'last_name'

我的班长

from django.contrib.auth.base_user import BaseUserManager

class UserManger(BaseUserManager):
    def create_user(self, email, first_name, last_name, password=None):
        if not email:
            raise ValueError("Users must have an email address")
        if not first_name or last_name:
            raise ValueError("Users must have a first and last name")

        user = self.model(
            email=self.normalize_email(email),
            first_name=first_name,
            last_name=last_name,
        )

        user.set_password(password)
        user.save(using=self._db)
        return user

    def create_superuser(self, email,password, first_name, last_name):
        user = self.create_user(
            email=self.normalize_email(email),
            password=password,
            first_name=first_name,
            last_name=last_name,
        )
        user.set_password(user.password)
        #user.is_staff = True
        user.is_superuser = True
        #user.is_admin = True
        user.save(using=self._db)
        return user

模型

import datetime
from django.core.mail import send_mail
from distutils.command.upload import upload
from django.db import models
from django.contrib.auth.base_user import AbstractBaseUser
from django.contrib.auth.models import PermissionsMixin
from django.utils import timezone
from phonenumber_field.modelfields import PhoneNumberField
from .managers import UserManger

GENDER_MALE = "m"
GENDER_FEMALE = "f"
OTHER = "o"

GENDER_CHOICES = (
    (GENDER_MALE, "Male"),
    (GENDER_FEMALE, "Female"),
    (OTHER, "Other"),
)


class User(AbstractBaseUser):

    email = models.EmailField(
        verbose_name='email address',
        max_length=255,
        unique=True,
    )
    date_of_birth = models.DateField()
    first_name = models.CharField(max_length=30, blank=True)
    last_name = models.CharField(max_length=30, blank=True)
    gender = models.CharField(max_length=1, choices=GENDER_CHOICES, blank=True)
    picture = models.ImageField(
        upload_to='images/users', null=True, verbose_name="")
    is_active = models.BooleanField(default=True)
    #is_staff = models.BooleanField(default=False)
    phone = PhoneNumberField()
    is_admin = models.BooleanField(default=False)
    #credits =models.PositiveIntegerField(default=100)
    linkedin_token = models.TextField(blank=True, default='')
    expiry_date = models.DateTimeField(null=True, blank=True)

    objects = UserManger()

    USERNAME_FIELD = 'email'
    REQUIRED_FIELDS = ['first_name' , 'last_name']
    def get_full_name(self):
        full_name = '%S %s' % (self.first_name, self.last_name)
        return full_name.strip()

    def get_short_name(self):
        return self.first_name

    def __str__(self):
        return self.email

    def has_perm(self, prem, obj=None):
        "Does the user have a specific permission?"
        return True

    def has_module_perm(self, app_label):
        "Does the user have permissions to view the app `app_label`?"
        return True
    ''''
    @property
    def is_staff(self):
        "Is the user a member of staff"
        return self.is_admin'''
    
    """@property
    def is_out_of_credits(self):
        "Is the user out of credits"
        return self.credits > 0
    @property
    def has_sufficient_credits(self,cost):
        return self.credits - cost >= 0
        """
    @property
    def linkedin_signed_in(self):
        return bool(self.linkedin_token) and self.expiry_date > timezone.now()

我已经看到了很多类似的问题，但我仍然不理解给出的答案，有人说添加位置论证，我不太明白

有人能帮我解决这个问题吗？

Answer 1

这可能是因为UserModel中有一些没有在create_superuser中准确传递的额外字段。

尝试**extra_fields arg，而不是像关于管理方法的文档所建议的那样分别传递first_name、last_name，

extra_fields关键字参数传递给用户的init方法，以允许在自定义用户模型上设置任意字段。

因此，根据这一点修改您的UserManger类，然后这将纠正问题。

修改后的守则：

class UserManger(BaseUserManager):
    """Define a model manager for User model"""

    def _create_user(self, email, password=None, **extra_fields):
        """Create and save a User with the given email and password."""
        if not email:
            raise ValueError('The given email must be set')
        user = self.model(email=email, **extra_fields)
        user.set_password(password)
        user.save(using=self._db)
        return user

    def create_user(self, email, password=None, **extra_fields):
        extra_fields.setdefault('is_staff', False)
        extra_fields.setdefault('is_superuser', False)
        return self._create_user(email, password, **extra_fields)

    def create_superuser(self, email, password=None, **extra_fields):
        """Create and save a SuperUser with the given email and password."""
        extra_fields.setdefault('is_staff', True)
        extra_fields.setdefault('is_superuser', True)

        if extra_fields.get('is_staff') is not True:
            raise ValueError('Superuser must have is_staff=True.')
        if extra_fields.get('is_superuser') is not True:
            raise ValueError('Superuser must have is_superuser=True.')

        return self._create_user(email, password, **extra_fields)

现在可以将first_name，last_name设置为UserModel中的REQUIRED_FIELDS，如下所示。

 REQUIRED_FIELDS = ['first_name' , 'last_name']

有关BaseUserManager的详细信息，您还可以查看文档

编辑:在看到您的UserModel之后，使用AbstractUser而不是AbstractBaseUser会更好，AbstractUser将携带默认Django用户拥有的所有字段。所以你不必定义像first_name，last_name，is_staff之类的字段.

这就是你可以修改它的方法。

# import
from django.contrib.auth.models import AbstractUser

# Model 
class User(AbstractUser):
    username = None # as you are using email as username
    email = models.EmailField(
        verbose_name='email address',
        max_length=255,
        unique=True,
    )
    date_of_birth = models.DateField()
    gender = models.CharField(max_length=1, choices=GENDER_CHOICES, blank=True)
    picture = models.ImageField(
        upload_to='images/users', null=True, verbose_name="")
    phone = PhoneNumberField()
    is_admin = models.BooleanField(default=False)
    #credits =models.PositiveIntegerField(default=100)
    linkedin_token = models.TextField(blank=True, default='')
    expiry_date = models.DateTimeField(null=True, blank=True)

    objects = UserManger()

    USERNAME_FIELD = 'email'
    REQUIRED_FIELDS = ['first_name' , 'last_name'] 
    # Do anything else here 

Answer 2

缺少两个必需的位置参数：'request‘和'eml’，如果您面临这个错误，并且使用基于类的视图，那么请删除在函数中定义的self和其他参数。您的函数只需要作为参数正确运行的请求即可。我只是分享我的经验，因为我已经失去了我的时间背后的错误。

def删除(self、request、eml)： 打印(request.GET.get(‘d_id’)) 返回HttpResponse(“删除”)

对我来说很好。

def删除(请求)：打印(request.GET.get(‘d_id’))返回HttpResponse(‘删除’)

即使使用基于类的视图，也可以从方法中删除自参数。我希望它能帮到你。