如何访问嵌套字典结构的值

Question

我有一个嵌套的字典结构，我想遍历它，并在嵌套键中打印每个键的值。例如：

    animals = {
        "Bear": {"food": "fish", "claws": "12"},
        "Tiger": {"food": "meat", "claws": "8"},
        "Elephant": {"food": "grass", "claws": "0"},
        "Chicken": {"food": "feed", "claws": "talons"},
        "Wolf": {"food": "rabbits", "claws": "6"}

    }

target_animal = "Tiger"
tfood = ?
tclaws = ?
print("A tiger's food: "+ tfood)
print("A tiger's claws: "+ tclaws)

我已经试过反复

if inner dictionary name == target_animal: 
    for i in kingdom.keys():
        #print(i)
        for j in kingdom[i]:
            innerDict = (kingdom[i][j])

我不知道在哪里检查:是否内部字典名称=“老虎”，也不知道如何只访问目标内部字典中的值。

其目标是遍历“动物”字典，如果键==为target_animal，则打印其内部字典值。

Answer 1

你只需把括号锁上：

animals = {
        "Bear": {"food": "fish", "claws": "12"},
        "Tiger": {"food": "meat", "claws": "8"},
        "Elephant": {"food": "grass", "claws": "0"},
        "Chicken": {"food": "feed", "claws": "talons"},
        "Wolf": {"food": "rabbits", "claws": "6"}

}

target_animal = "Tiger"
tfood = animals[target_animal]["food"]
tclaws = animals[target_animal]["claws"]

在上面的代码中，您有相当于animals[target_animal]的{"food": "meat", "claws": "8"}。这本身就是一个字典，因此您可以添加["food"]和["claws"]来访问值whitin。

Answer 2

animals = {
        "Bear": {"food": "fish", "claws": "12"},
        "Tiger": {"food": "meat", "claws": "8"},
        "Elephant": {"food": "grass", "claws": "0"},
        "Chicken": {"food": "feed", "claws": "talons"},
        "Wolf": {"food": "rabbits", "claws": "6"}

    }
# if you just wanna query for one animal, then
target_animal = "Tiger"
target_dict = animals['Tiger'] 
#dtype of target_dict again is a dict, so you can #again use indexing
tfood = target_dict['food']
tclaws = target_dict['claws']
print("A tiger's food: "+ tfood)
print("A tiger's claws: "+ tclaws)

如果你想迭代每一件事

for animal, props in animals.items():
    print(f"A {animal}'s food: {props['food']}")
    print(f"A {animal}'s claws: {props['claws']}")

如果您想使用迭代，但仍然只对老虎过滤，那么

for animal, props in animals.items():
    if animal=='Tiger':
        print(f"A {animal}'s food: {props['food']}")
        print(f"A {animal}'s claws: {props['claws']}")