为什么我得到SAS错误22-322 (输出变量为字符串)

Question

我想在SAS EG服务器中输出我的变量，

变量"head“是"2022-02”。

但是，当我在下面运行查询时，它会生成"2020“，我怀疑它会处理公式2022-2=2020。我试着使用%b引号(‘&head.’)&会弹出错误。我不知道如何从变量"head“输出变量值为"2022-02”的列。

变量：

%put head = &head.
head = 2022-02

第一次尝试：

proc sql;
create table mart_base as 
select  *, &head. as test2
from     cr_card_acct_plan_seg_cycle
;quit;

它输出列test2的"2020“

第二次尝试：

proc sql;
create table mart_base as 
select  *, &head. as test2, %bquote('&head.') as test1
from     cr_card_acct_plan_seg_cycle
;quit;

日志如下

GOPTIONS ACCESSIBLE;
24         proc sql;
25         create table mart_base as
22: LINE and COLUMN cannot be determined.
NOTE 242-205: NOSPOOL is on. Rerunning with OPTION SPOOL might allow recovery of the LINE and COLUMN where the error has occurred.
ERROR 22-322: Syntax error, expecting one of the following: a quoted string, !, !!, &, *, **, +, ',', -, /, <, <=, <>, =, >, >=, ?, 
              AND, AS, BETWEEN, CONTAINS, EQ, EQT, FORMAT, FROM, GE, GET, GT, GTT, IN, INFORMAT, INTO, IS, LABEL, LE, LEN, LENGTH, 
              LET, LIKE, LT, LTT, NE, NET, NOT, NOTIN, OR, TRANSCODE, ^, ^=, |, ||, ~, ~=.  
26         select       *, &head. as test2, %bquote('&head.') as test1
NOTE: Line generated by the macro function "BQUOTE".
26         '2022-02'
           _
           22
            _
            200
ERROR 22-322: Syntax error, expecting one of the following: a name, a quoted string, a numeric constant, a datetime constant, 
              a missing value, (, *, +, -, BTRIM, CALCULATED, CASE, EXISTS, INPUT, NOT, PUT, SUBSTRING, TRANSLATE, USER, ^, ~.  

ERROR 200-322: The symbol is not recognized and will be ignored.

200: LINE and COLUMN cannot be determined.
NOTE: NOSPOOL is on. Rerunning with OPTION SPOOL might allow recovery of the LINE and COLUMN where the error has occurred.
ERROR 200-322: The symbol is not recognized and will be ignored.
27              from     cr_card_acct_plan_seg_cycle
28              ;

如何输出具有正确的变量"head“格式的列，即2022-02？

Answer 1

你有两种可能性:宣布头部为：

%let head = '2022-02'

或者用代码中的变量来修饰：

proc sql;
  create table mart_base as 
  select  *, "&head." as test2
  from  cr_card_acct_plan_seg_cycle;
quit;

Answer 2

%BQUOTE()宏函数添加的宏引用混淆了SAS处理器，因此它无法识别字符串文本。

只需使用双引号而不是单引号，以使宏处理器将解析宏变量引用。

"&head"

如果您确实出于某种原因需要使用单引号，则可以使用%unquote()来删除使SAS处理器混淆的宏引用。

%unquote(%bquote('&head'))

或者使用%SYSFUNC()宏函数调用SAS引号()函数来添加单引号。

%sysfunc(quote(&head,%str(%')))