在blazor服务器应用程序中的cshtml文件中获取身份信息

Question

我有一个带有身份验证的blazor服务器应用程序(单用户帐户)。计划是保留处理所有身份验证内容的默认EF数据库，并拥有一个单独的SQL数据库，其中包含应用程序数据，我通过自己的数据访问层访问这些数据。

EF数据库将电子邮件地址存储到用户名，并在用户登录时将其显示为"Hello，abc@xyz.com“。由于我将用户的姓名存储在我的应用程序数据库中，所以我希望更改文本以显示名称：“你好，abc!”

出于某种原因，我们在一个blazor项目中：

• Shared/LoginDisplay.razor
• Pages/Shared/_LoginPartial.cshtml
• Areas/Pages/Shared_LoginPartial.cshtm

在Shared/LoginDisplay.Lazor文件中，我设法以如下方式显示了名字(IUserData来自于我的数据访问库)：

@inject UserManager<IdentityUser> _userManager
@inject AuthenticationStateProvider _authenticationStateProvider
@inject IUserData _userData;

<AuthorizeView>
    <Authorized>
        <a href="Identity/Account/Manage">Hello, @displayUserName</a>
        <form method="post" action="Identity/Account/LogOut">
            <button type="submit" class="nav-link btn btn-link">Log out</button>
        </form>
    </Authorized>
    <NotAuthorized>
        <a href="Identity/Account/Register">Register</a>
        <a href="Identity/Account/Login">Log in</a>
    </NotAuthorized>
</AuthorizeView>



@code {

    private string displayUserName;

    protected override async Task OnInitializedAsync()
    {

        displayUserName = "";
        var user = (await _authenticationStateProvider.GetAuthenticationStateAsync()).User;
        if (user.Identity.IsAuthenticated)
        {
            string userID = _userManager.GetUserId(user);
            displayUserName = (await _userData.GetUserByID(userID)).FirstName;
        }
    }
}

但是这两个.cshtml使用了不同的方法：

Pages/Shared/_LoginPartial

@using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity

@inject SignInManager<IdentityUser> SignInManager
@inject UserManager<IdentityUser> UserManager

<ul class="navbar-nav">
@if (SignInManager.IsSignedIn(User))
{
    <li class="nav-item">
        <a id="manage" class="nav-link text-dark" asp-area="Identity" asp-page="/Account/Manage/Index" title="Manage">Hello @UserManager.GetUserName(User)!</a>
    </li>
    ...
}
...
</ul>

Areas/Identity/Pages/Shared/_LoginPartial.cshtml

@using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity
@inject SignInManager<IdentityUser> SignInManager
@inject UserManager<IdentityUser> UserManager
@addTagHelper *, Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.TagHelpers

<ul class="navbar-nav">
@if (SignInManager.IsSignedIn(User))
{
    <li class="nav-item">
        <a  class="nav-link text-dark" asp-area="Identity" asp-page="/Account/Manage/Index" title="Manage">Hello @User.Identity.Name!</a>
    </li>
    ..
}
..
</ul>

User是从哪里来的？(在某个地方应该有一个模型，对吗？)为什么首先有三个不同的LoginPartial文件(这只是页面的顶部，显示登录和注销按钮，实际登录页面在另一个文件中)？如何执行与.razor页面相同的(异步)方法？

Answer 1

您只需要将UserManager类和SignInManager注入到任何您想访问该层的页面。

@using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity

@inject SignInManager<ApplicationUser> SignInManager
@inject UserManager<ApplicationUser> UserManager

您可以访问您的帐户字段。我想这样做是为了让UserName

<ul class="navbar-nav">
@if (SignInManager.IsSignedIn(User))
{
    <li class="nav-item">
        <a id="manage" class="nav-link text-dark" asp-area="Identity" asp-page="/Account/Manage/Index" title="Manage">Hello @UserManager.GetUserName(User)!</a>
    </li>
    <li class="nav-item">
        <form id="logoutForm" class="form-inline" asp-area="Identity" asp-page="/Account/Logout" asp-route-returnUrl="@Url.Page("/Index", new { area = "" })">
            <button id="logout" type="submit" class="nav-link btn btn-link text-dark">Logout</button>
        </form>
    </li>
}
else
{
    <li class="nav-item">
        <a class="nav-link text-dark" id="register" asp-area="Identity" asp-page="/Account/Register">Register</a>
    </li>
    <li class="nav-item">
        <a class="nav-link text-dark" id="login" asp-area="Identity" asp-page="/Account/Login">Login</a>
    </li>
}
</ul>

这样做可以检查用户是否已登录。如果它们没有登录，它将显示else语句。如果它们被登录，它将显示其他选项。

如果您想访问其他层，将服务注入您的前端并执行类似的操作。

public class DashboardService
    {
        #region Private Variables
        private readonly IHttpContextAccessor _accessor;
        private readonly LinkGenerator _generator;
        private readonly ApplicationDbContext _context;
        private readonly UserManager<ApplicationUser> _userManager;
        private readonly ILogger<DashboardService> _logger;

        public DashboardService(ApplicationDbContext context,
            UserManager<ApplicationUser> userManager,
            IHttpContextAccessor accessor,
            LinkGenerator generator,
            ILogger<DashboardService> logger)
        {
            _context = context;
            _userManager = userManager;
            _accessor = accessor;
            _generator = generator;
            _logger = logger;
        }
      public async Task<string> GetuserInfo(ClaimsPrincipal userClaims)
        {
            //if user is not logged in this will return an error, but do we even allow this?
            var user = await _userManager.GetUserAsync(userClaims);

            string name = user.FirstName + user.LastName;
            return name;
        }
}

然后在blazor页面上注入此服务。

@inherits OwningComponentBase<DashboardService>

第三种方法。您可以将AuthenticationState添加到代码部分的blazor页面中，如下所示。

@code{
[CascadingParameter]
    private Task<AuthenticationState> authenticationStateTask { get; set; }

protected override async Task OnInitializedAsync()
{
    var user = (await authenticationStateTask).User;
    deposits = await Service.GetDepositsAsync(user);
    withdrawals = await Service.GetWithdrawalsAsync(user);
}

}