如何使用外部文本文件创建选择题程序？

Question

我试图创建一个选择题程序，它将读取文本文件，按随机顺序提出5个问题，接收答案，如果答案为假，则显示答案。下面是我写的文章：

首先，一个包含问题的文件示例：

mcq.txt：

Which of these countries is an island ? A-France B-Lithuania C-Australia D-Korea;;C
One byte is A-1bit B-4 bits C-8 bits D-32 bits;;C
What event of 1934 contributed to the creation of the Popular Front? A-The congress of Tours B-The riots of the leagues C-The Crash of Wall-Street;;B
What event is at the origin of the crisis of the Thirties? A-The Russian Revolution B-The rise of fascism C-The First World War D-The Wall Street Crash;;D
What is the color of Adam's white horse A-Green B-Red C-Grey D-White;;D
With 1 byte you can encode A-255 characters ​​B-8 characters ​​C-16 characters ​​D-256 characters;;D
What is Microsoft Windows? A-A type of computer B-An operating system C-A database management system;;B
The binary system uses the base A-2 B-10 C-8 D-16 E-None of these answers are true.;;A
In Greco-Roman mythology, the gods met on A-Mount Sinai B-Vesuvius C-Mount Olympus;;C
In Greek mythology, Pegasus is A-A winged horse B-A man with an eagle's head C-A giant;;A
When was the World War II armistice signed A-May 8, 1945 B-July 14, 1940 C-November 11, 1945 D-June 18, 1940;;A
Before 2003, the countries of Bosnia, Croatia, Slovenia, Macedonia, Montenegro and Serbia formed A-Bulgaria B-Czechoslovakia C-Kosovo D-Yugoslavia;;D
What is this infectious disease caused by Koch's bacillus called? A-Plague B-Tuberculosis C-Poliomyelitis D-Scabies;;B

该方案：

import random
def mcq():
    with open("mcq.txt", "r") as f:
        i=0
        while i<5:
            line=f.readline()
            a=line.split(";;")
            print(a[0])
            answer=input("your answer?")
            if answer.upper()==a[1]:
                print("correct")
            else:
                print("false, the anwer was", a[1])
            i=i+1
mcq()

程序似乎在工作，但问问题的顺序，这是正常的，因为我们没有使用随机模块，但当我们放置random.shuffle(line)时，我们遇到错误"'str‘对象不支持项目分配。

为了解决这个问题，我试着编写了一个程序，它应该以一种迂回的方式为每一行分配数字，并以随机的顺序提出问题，但它只是给出了数字，而且几乎毫无用处：

import random
with open("qcm.txt", "r") as f:
    ligne=f.read().splitlines()
    i=range(0,30)
    x=zip(ligne,i)
    for i in range(10):
        x=random.randint(0, 30)
        print(x)

主程序的另一个问题是，答案总是错误的。尽管我把upper()放在这里，但它似乎并没有改变任何事情。

我还考虑过使用字典，并将问题分配给键和值的答案，但我不知道如何将其随机化，以及这是否是一个好主意。

如果你能帮我，我将不胜感激。

Answer 1

只要用这个分裂的值创建一个字典，问题就是关键，答案将包含一个字典列表。

{“问题”：{“a”：“”、"b":"“、"c":"”、"d":"“、”ans“：”a“}

Answer 2

我建议使用一个.json文件，其中包含以下内容：

{
    "question1": ["a", "b", "c", "d", {"correct answer": "c"}],
    "question2": ["a", "b", "c", "d", {"correct answer": "d"}]
}

甚至更好：

{
    "question1": ["a", "b", "c", "d", "c"],
    "question2": ["a", "b", "c", "d", "d"] # The correct answer is the last letter in the list
}

或者，如果您也希望显示这些选项：

{
    "question1": {"a": "Macedonia", "b": "Kosovo", "c": "Australia", "d": "Austria", "correct": "c"}
}

为此，需要导入名为

的内置模块json。

您可以这样访问：

with open(r"file.json", 'r') as file:
    questions = json.load(file)
for question in questions.keys():
    answer = input(question)
    if (answer.lower() == questions[question][-1]):
        # The answer is correct

或者，如果您选择了我前面为.json文件建议的最后一个选项：

for question in questions.keys():
    answer = input(question)
    if (answer.lower() == questions[question]["correct"]):
        # The answer is correct

由于random模块提供了random.choice函数，所以最好在由questions.keys()编辑的可迭代return上使用它。

import random
while True:
    question = random.choice(questions)
    # all the other stuff...