Rails 7 Ruby3.1 LoadError:无法加载此类文件- net/smtp

Question

我升级到Rails 7和Ruby3.1。在尝试使用rspec运行测试时，我发现了下面的错误。我怎么才能修好它？

An error occurred while loading rails_helper.
Failure/Error: require File.expand_path('../config/environment', __dir__)

LoadError:
  cannot load such file -- net/smtp
# .../gems/bootsnap-1.9.3/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:34:in `require'
# .../gems/zeitwerk-2.5.2/lib/zeitwerk/kernel.rb:36:in `require'
# .../gems/mail-2.7.1/lib/mail.rb:9:in `<module:Mail>'
# .../gems/mail-2.7.1/lib/mail.rb:3:in `<main>'
# .../gems/bootsnap-1.9.3/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:23:in `require'
# .../gems/bootsnap-1.9.3/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:23:in `block in require_with_bootsnap_lfi'
# .../gems/bootsnap-1.9.3/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/loaded_features_index.rb:100:in `register'
# .../gems/bootsnap-1.9.3/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:22:in `require_with_bootsnap_lfi'
# .../gems/bootsnap-1.9.3/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:31:in `require'
# .../gems/zeitwerk-2.5.2/lib/zeitwerk/kernel.rb:36:in `require'
# .../bundler/gems/rails-6a0f6c4d70b1/actionmailbox/lib/action_mailbox/mail_ext.rb:3:in `<main>'
# .../gems/bootsnap-1.9.3/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:23:in `require'
# .../gems/bootsnap-1.9.3/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:23:in `block in require_with_bootsnap_lfi'
# .../gems/bootsnap-1.9.3/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/loaded_features_index.rb:100:in `register'
# .../gems/bootsnap-1.9.3/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:22:in `require_with_bootsnap_lfi'
# .../gems/bootsnap-1.9.3/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:31:in `require'
# .../gems/zeitwerk-2.5.2/lib/zeitwerk/kernel.rb:36:in `require'
# .../bundler/gems/rails-6a0f6c4d70b1/actionmailbox/lib/action_mailbox.rb:3:in `<main>'
# .../gems/bootsnap-1.9.3/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:23:in `require'
# .../gems/bootsnap-1.9.3/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:23:in `block in require_with_bootsnap_lfi'
# .../gems/bootsnap-1.9.3/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/loaded_features_index.rb:100:in `register'
# .../gems/bootsnap-1.9.3/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:22:in `require_with_bootsnap_lfi'
# .../gems/bootsnap-1.9.3/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:31:in `require'
# .../gems/zeitwerk-2.5.2/lib/zeitwerk/kernel.rb:36:in `require'
# .../bundler/gems/rails-6a0f6c4d70b1/actionmailbox/lib/action_mailbox/engine.rb:9:in `<main>'
# .../gems/bootsnap-1.9.3/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:23:in `require'
# .../gems/bootsnap-1.9.3/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:23:in `block in require_with_bootsnap_lfi'
# .../gems/bootsnap-1.9.3/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/loaded_features_index.rb:100:in `register'
# .../gems/bootsnap-1.9.3/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:22:in `require_with_bootsnap_lfi'
# .../gems/bootsnap-1.9.3/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:31:in `require'
# .../gems/zeitwerk-2.5.2/lib/zeitwerk/kernel.rb:36:in `require'
# ./config/application.rb:11:in `<top (required)>'
# ./config/environment.rb:2:in `require_relative'
# ./config/environment.rb:2:in `<top (required)>'
# ./spec/rails_helper.rb:4:in `require'
# ./spec/rails_helper.rb:4:in `<top (required)>'
No examples found.


Finished in 0.00005 seconds (files took 0.57758 seconds to load)
0 examples, 0 failures, 1 error occurred outside of examples

Answer 1

Rails 6

将gem 'net-smtp', require: false添加到Gemfile并运行bundle。

类似地，我假设您可能在使用net-imap和net-pop时遇到了问题，因此必须将它们添加到直到中，发布一个新的mail gem版本。

gem 'net-smtp', require: false
gem 'net-imap', require: false
gem 'net-pop', require: false

Rails 7

1月6日，2022年Rails 7.0.1为已发布

这个版本的重点是支持Ruby3.1

除了其他与Ruby3.1相关的问题，它还为固定物带来了这个问题。因此，升级到Rails >= 7.0.1。

相关的请求和问题：

• mikel/mail:添加以前默认的gems作为Ruby3.1兼容性的依赖项
• 为bug报告模板添加net/smtp gem以支持Ruby3.1

Answer 2

我在生产模式下运行Rails时遇到了同样的问题。( Ruby 3，Rails 6.1 )

复制并粘贴这行代码到Gemfile

gem 'net-smtp', require: false
gem 'net-imap', require: false
gem 'net-pop', require: false