Bash引用的新行导致本文档使用第一个新行。

Question

如何繁殖

将以下示例复制到终端会话；

gawk '{
  print $0;
}' <<'EOF'
first
second
third
EOF

按<Enter>，然后按<Arrow-Up>

user@host ~$ gawk '{ print $0；}‘<<’EOF‘第一个第二个第三个EOF

注意使用第一个新行的}' <<'EOF'first位。

将以下示例复制到终端会话；

gawk '{ print $0; }' <<'EOF'
forth
fifth
sixth
EOF

按<Enter>，然后按<Arrow-Up>

user@host ~$ gawk '{ print $0；}‘<<' EOF’第四次第六次EOF

注意}' <<'EOF'位，其中第一个新行是，而不是。

问题

如何使Bash正确地附加到历史中？

我花了好几个小时在网上搜索这个问题的其他人，但没有运气，这是一个已知的错误吗？

设备统计

bash --version

5.1.8(1)-release (x86_64-pc-linux-gnu)

echo "${TERM}"

xterm 256色

uname -ro

5.13.19-2-MANJARO GNU/Linux

配置文件

~/.profile

export QT_QPA_PLATFORMTHEME="qt5ct"
export EDITOR=/usr/bin/nano
export GTK2_RC_FILES="$HOME/.gtkrc-2.0"
. "$HOME/.cargo/env"

export PATH="${HOME}/.npm-global/bin:${PATH}"

~/.bashrc

#
# ~/.bashrc
#

[[ $- != *i* ]] && return

colors() {
    local fgc bgc vals seq0

    printf "Color escapes are %s\n" '\e[${value};...;${value}m'
    printf "Values 30..37 are \e[33mforeground colors\e[m\n"
    printf "Values 40..47 are \e[43mbackground colors\e[m\n"
    printf "Value  1 gives a  \e[1mbold-faced look\e[m\n\n"

    # foreground colors
    for fgc in {30..37}; do
        # background colors
        for bgc in {40..47}; do
            fgc=${fgc#37} # white
            bgc=${bgc#40} # black

            vals="${fgc:+$fgc;}${bgc}"
            vals=${vals%%;}

            seq0="${vals:+\e[${vals}m}"
            printf "  %-9s" "${seq0:-(default)}"
            printf " ${seq0}TEXT\e[m"
            printf " \e[${vals:+${vals+$vals;}}1mBOLD\e[m"
        done
        echo; echo
    done
}

[ -r /usr/share/bash-completion/bash_completion ] && . /usr/share/bash-completion/bash_completion

# Change the window title of X terminals
case ${TERM} in
    xterm*|rxvt*|Eterm*|aterm|kterm|gnome*|interix|konsole*)
        PROMPT_COMMAND='echo -ne "\033]0;${USER}@${HOSTNAME%%.*}:${PWD/#$HOME/\~}\007"'
        ;;
    screen*)
        PROMPT_COMMAND='echo -ne "\033_${USER}@${HOSTNAME%%.*}:${PWD/#$HOME/\~}\033\\"'
        ;;
esac

use_color=true

# Set colorful PS1 only on colorful terminals.
# dircolors --print-database uses its own built-in database
# instead of using /etc/DIR_COLORS.  Try to use the external file
# first to take advantage of user additions.  Use internal bash
# globbing instead of external grep binary.
safe_term=${TERM//[^[:alnum:]]/?}   # sanitize TERM
match_lhs=""
[[ -f ~/.dir_colors   ]] && match_lhs="${match_lhs}$(<~/.dir_colors)"
[[ -f /etc/DIR_COLORS ]] && match_lhs="${match_lhs}$(</etc/DIR_COLORS)"
[[ -z ${match_lhs}    ]] \
    && type -P dircolors >/dev/null \
    && match_lhs=$(dircolors --print-database)
[[ $'\n'${match_lhs} == *$'\n'"TERM "${safe_term}* ]] && use_color=true

if ${use_color} ; then
    # Enable colors for ls, etc.  Prefer ~/.dir_colors #64489
    if type -P dircolors >/dev/null ; then
        if [[ -f ~/.dir_colors ]] ; then
            eval $(dircolors -b ~/.dir_colors)
        elif [[ -f /etc/DIR_COLORS ]] ; then
            eval $(dircolors -b /etc/DIR_COLORS)
        fi
    fi

    if [[ ${EUID} == 0 ]] ; then
        PS1='\[\033[01;31m\][\h\[\033[01;36m\] \W\[\033[01;31m\]]\$\[\033[00m\] '
    else
        PS1='\[\033[01;32m\][\u@\h\[\033[01;37m\] \W\[\033[01;32m\]]\$\[\033[00m\] '
    fi

    alias ls='ls --color=auto'
    alias grep='grep --colour=auto'
    alias egrep='egrep --colour=auto'
    alias fgrep='fgrep --colour=auto'
else
    if [[ ${EUID} == 0 ]] ; then
        # show root@ when we don't have colors
        PS1='\u@\h \W \$ '
    else
        PS1='\u@\h \w \$ '
    fi
fi

unset use_color safe_term match_lhs sh

alias cp="cp -i"                          # confirm before overwriting something
alias df='df -h'                          # human-readable sizes
alias free='free -m'                      # show sizes in MB
alias np='nano -w PKGBUILD'
alias more=less

xhost +local:root > /dev/null 2>&1

# Bash won't get SIGWINCH if another process is in the foreground.
# Enable checkwinsize so that bash will check the terminal size when
# it regains control.  #65623
# http://cnswww.cns.cwru.edu/~chet/bash/FAQ (E11)
shopt -s checkwinsize

shopt -s expand_aliases

# Enable history appending instead of overwriting.  #139609
shopt -s histappend

#
# # ex - archive extractor
# # usage: ex <file>
ex ()
{
  if [ -f $1 ] ; then
    case $1 in
      *.tar.bz2)   tar xjf $1   ;;
      *.tar.gz)    tar xzf $1   ;;
      *.bz2)       bunzip2 $1   ;;
      *.rar)       unrar x $1     ;;
      *.gz)        gunzip $1    ;;
      *.tar)       tar xf $1    ;;
      *.tbz2)      tar xjf $1   ;;
      *.tgz)       tar xzf $1   ;;
      *.zip)       unzip $1     ;;
      *.Z)         uncompress $1;;
      *.7z)        7z x $1      ;;
      *)           echo "'$1' cannot be extracted via ex()" ;;
    esac
  else
    echo "'$1' is not a valid file"
  fi
}


. "$HOME/.cargo/env"
##
# Disable auto-escaping of path variables via tab-completion
# shopt -u progcomp
shopt -s direxpand


##
# Set editor for <C-x> <C-e> keyboard-shortcut
export EDITOR="$(which vim)"

##
# Find globally installed NPM scripts
export PATH="${PATH}:${HOME}/.npm/bin"

if [[ -d "${HOME}/.config/bashrc.d" ]]; then
  for _p in "${HOME}/.config/bashrc.d/"*.bashrc; do
    [[ -x "${_p}" ]] && {
      source "${_p}"
    }
  done
fi

备注

我已经在其他设备上测试了示例命令，比如Raspberry Pi (运行他们基于Debian的Raspian)，并且引用的新行没有问题，从而导致了新行的消耗。所以我很有信心我的Manjaro (KDE风味)配置有问题。

我还检查了设备之间与shopt选项的差异，但没有发现任何东西，例如。

diff <(ssh rpi source '$HOME/.bashrc'; shopt -p) <(shopt -p)

#>无差输出

..。因此，我们当然欢迎对其他事物进行比较的建议！

据我所知，在给history写信时有一些错误，因为；

user@host ~$ host~$ history 2 -n -1 #> 512 gawk { #>打印$0；#> }<<‘EOF’第一个#>第二个#>第三个#> EOF

当会话关闭时，保存与流类似的历史；

user@host ~$ host~(7) -n头-1 #> 487 gawk '{ #> 488打印$0；#> 489 }‘<’EOF‘第一个#> 490第二个#> 491第三个#> 492 EOF

正如@konsolebox所建议的那样，我已经将其报告为臭虫巴什邮件列表。如果能找到解决方案的话，我会尽力在这里更新这个操作。

Answer 1

如何使Bash正确地附加到历史中？

它看起来像是5.1中的一个合法错误(用5.1和5.1.12测试)，所以答案是，除非它被修复了，否则你不能。考虑将bug报告发送到bug-bash@gnu.org。这个问题不会在5.0中重现。

如果有人想知道我是如何测试它的，我使用Gentoo，并使用我创建的ebuilds安装了多个bash版本。见https://github.com/konsolebox/overlay/tree/master/app-shells。