python中WebDriver出现"Unable to locate element“异常

Question

在运行下面的代码时，我得到了一个“找不到元素”的异常。我的预期输出是“未找到Button。这不应该发生。”我的代码：

driver = webdriver.Chrome()
driver.get(byPassUrl)

driver.find_element_by_xpath("//*[@id='__next']/div/div[1]/div[2]/div/div[1]/div[2]/div/div[1]/div[1]/span/button").click()
time.sleep(3)
emails = driver.find_element_by_css_selector("input[type='email']")
emails.send_keys("mymail.com")
driver.find_element_by_css_selector("input[type='password']").send_keys("abcxyz")

driver.find_element_by_xpath('//button[text()="Log In"]').click()
time.sleep(3)
def delay(waiting_time=5):
    driver.implicitly_wait(waiting_time)
    
audioBtnFound = False 
 

 
def bypasscaptcha():
    try:
        # switch to recaptcha audio control frame
        driver.switch_to.default_content()
        frames = driver.find_element_by_xpath("/html/body/div[3]/div[2]").find_elements_by_tag_name("iframe")
        driver.switch_to.frame(frames[0])
        delay() 
        driver.find_element_by_id("recaptcha-audio-button").click()

        # get the mp3 audio file
        src = driver.find_element_by_id("audio-source").get_attribute("src")
        print("[INFO] Audio src: %s" % src)

        # download the mp3 audio file from the source
        urllib.request.urlretrieve(src, os.path.normpath(os.getcwd() + "\\sample.mp3"))
        delay()

        # load downloaded mp3 audio file as .wav
        try:
            sound = pydub.AudioSegment.from_mp3(os.path.normpath(os.getcwd() + "\\sample.mp3"))
            sound.export(os.path.normpath(os.getcwd() + "\\sample.wav"), format="wav")
            sample_audio = sr.AudioFile(os.path.normpath(os.getcwd() + "\\sample.wav"))
        except Exception:
            print("[ERR] Please run program as administrator or download ffmpeg manually, "
                    "http://blog.gregzaal.com/how-to-install-ffmpeg-on-windows/")

        # translate audio to text with google voice recognition
        r = sr.Recognizer()
        with sample_audio as source:
            audio = r.record(source)
        key = r.recognize_google(audio)
        print("[INFO] Recaptcha Passcode: %s" % key)
        delay()

        # key in results and submit
        driver.find_element_by_id("audio-response").send_keys(key.lower())
        driver.find_element_by_id("audio-response").send_keys(Keys.ENTER)
    except Exception as e:
        print(e)

try:
    driver.switch_to.default_content()
    frames = driver.find_element_by_xpath("/html/body/div[3]/div[2]").find_elements_by_tag_name("iframe")
    driver.switch_to.frame(frames[0])
    delay() 
    driver.find_element_by_id("recaptcha-audio-button").click()
    audioBtnFound = driver.find_element_by_id("recaptcha-audio-button").is_displayed()
except Exception as e:
    print("audioBtn not found")
num = 1
if audioBtnFound:
    try:
        while True:
            print(num)
            num += 1
            bypasscaptcha()
            delay()
            #if eye button found do bypasscaptcha
            try:
                driver.find_element_by_id("recaptcha-image-button").click()
                print("Fail captcha")
                delay()
                bypasscaptcha()
            except Exception as e: 
                print("Pass captcha")
                audioBtnFound = False
                break
          
    except Exception as e:
        print(e)
        print('Caught. Need to change proxy now')
else:
    print('Button not found. This should not happen.')

如果我运行上面的代码，我会得到"Unable to Locate Element Exception".I know，当我登录时，不需要绕过验证码，这个元素就找不到了“

driver.find_element_by_xpath("/html/body/div[3]/div[2]").find_elements_by_tag_name("iframe")

但是我该如何处理这个问题呢？非常感谢

Answer 1

可以使用tag name或//iframe xpath直接找到iframes标记。您不必在/html/body/div[3]/div[2]之后查找它们

直接尝试:

all_iframes = find_elements_by_tag_name("iframe")

现在你在页面上有了iframe的列表。

如果您知道这个数字，那么您可以像切换代码一样切换它。

Answer 2

可能是selenium没有看到它需要的标签，或者您注册了一个不正确的搜索。按id或css_selector设置搜索。不要在一行代码中做所有的事情，首先要找到

driver.find_element_by_xpath("/html/body/div[3]/div[2]")

然后寻找

driver.find_elements_by_tag_name("iframe")