在MATLAB环境下用Python代码打开h5文件的问题

Question

我在MATLAB中调用Python代码时遇到了问题。然后，预测结果被发送回MATLAB。以下是Python代码：

    import pandas as pd
    import numpy as np
    import tensorflow as tf
    from sklearn.model_selection import train_test_split
    from sklearn.metrics import mean_squared_error
    from tensorflow import keras
    from tensorflow.keras import Sequential
    from tensorflow.keras.layers import LSTM
    from tensorflow.keras.layers import Dense
    from tensorflow.keras import optimizers
    import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
    from tensorflow.keras.layers import *
    from tensorflow.keras.models import *
    from tensorflow.keras import backend as K
    import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
    import matplotlib.ticker as ticker
    from sklearn.model_selection import train_test_split
    from tensorflow.keras.callbacks import EarlyStopping
    from tensorflow.keras.callbacks import ModelCheckpoint
    from tensorflow.keras.models import load_model
    from tensorflow.keras.layers import Dropout, InputLayer 
    import h5py

    #to create sequential data
    def create_inout_sequences(input_data, tw):
inout_seq = []
L = len(input_data)
for i in range(L-tw):
    train_seq = input_data[i:i+tw]
    #train_out = output_data[i:i+tw]
    inout_seq.append(train_seq)
return inout_seq 

def search(inputs):
class attention(Layer):
    def __init__(self, return_sequences=True,**kwargs):
        self.return_sequences = return_sequences
        super(attention,self).__init__()

    def build(self, input_shape):

        self.W=self.add_weight(name="att_weight", shape=(input_shape[-1],1),
                               initializer="normal")
        self.b=self.add_weight(name="att_bias", shape=(input_shape[1],1),
                               initializer="zeros")
        super(attention,self).build(input_shape)

    def call(self, x):
        e=(K.dot(x,self.W)+self.b)
        a = K.softmax(e, axis=1)
        output = x*a
        if self.return_sequences:
            return output
        return K.sum(output, axis=1)

    def get_config(self):
        # For serialization with 'custom_objects'
        config = super().get_config()
        config['return_sequences'] = self.return_sequences     
        return config

#convert test data to sequential form
inputs=np.array(inputs)
inputs=np.tile(inputs, (36, 1))
inputs_new=create_inout_sequences(inputs, 35)
inputs_new=np.array(inputs_new)

model1 = Sequential()
model1.add(InputLayer(input_shape=(35,5)))
model1.add((LSTM(22, return_sequences=True)))
model1.add(attention(return_sequences=False))
model1.add(Dense(104, activation="relu"))
model1.add(Dropout(0.2))
model1.add(Dense(1, activation="sigmoid"))

lr_schedule = keras.optimizers.schedules.ExponentialDecay(
initial_learning_rate=0.01,
decay_steps=10000,
decay_rate=0.99)

model1.compile(optimizer=tf.keras.optimizers.Adam(epsilon=1e-08,learning_rate=lr_schedule),loss='mse')

#call previously trained weights
model1.load_weights('SOC_weights.h5')
x=float(model1.predict(inputs_new, batch_size=100,verbose=0))

return x # send prediction to Matlab

注意:我使用的是Python3.6，tensorflow版本: 2.5，keras版本: 2.4.3，h5py版本: 3.1.0，cython版本: 0.28

我能够在Python上运行此代码而没有任何错误，但在MATLAB 2020a中使用时有问题...下面是我的MATLAB代码：

   pyenv('Version','3.6');
   py.importlib.import_module('tensorflow');
   py.importlib.import_module('testingSOC'); % file containing the Python codes
   inputs=[0.555555556,0.435139205,0.68313128,0.499987472,0.241225578];% test inputs
   SOC_output=py.testingSOC.search(inputs)

以下是在Matlab上收到的错误：

    Error using training>load_weights (line 2312)
    Python Error: ImportError: `load_weights` requires h5py when loading weights from HDF5.
    Error in testingSOC>search (line 87)

这个错误看起来像是MATLAB无法识别h5py，所以我尝试使用命令提示符重新安装h5py (我使用的是Windows10)：

    pip uninstall h5py
    pip install h5py

但是没有任何改变。

我也尝试过tensorflow版本: 2.2，keras版本2.4.3，h5py版本2.10和cython版本0.29，但仍然得到相同的错误。

如果你们能提供解决这个问题的洞察力，以及是否有任何我遗漏的基本部分，我将非常感激。如果需要的话，我很乐意分享更多的细节。

谢谢!

Answer 1

感谢@TimRoberts指出包括'py.importlib.import_module('h5py')‘，它帮助我解决了这个issue.Below，对于那些想要参考的人来说，这是我的解决方案：

当我在matlab代码中包含'py.importlib.import_module('h5py')‘时，我收到以下错误：

    Error using h5>init h5py.h5 (line 1) 
    Python Error: ImportError: DLL load failed: The specified procedure could not be found.

在我的例子中，Python环境似乎使用的是Matlab的h5库，它不具有与Python的h5库相同的功能……我发现有一个选项可以将Python代码作为一个单独的进程运行，这似乎对我有效(如此链接所示)：https://www.mathworks.com/help/matlab/matlab_external/out-of-process-execution-of-python-functionality.html?searchHighlight=out%20of%20process%20python&s_tid=srchtitle