.xml文件中元素属性的小问题(Python)

Question

我想用"cooling cid=2“元素替换"cooling cid=1”元素。所以我使用myroot[0][0]=myroot[0][1]进行了编辑，但是当我想用"cid=1“替换第一个" cid”值时，它还会更改第二个元素上Cid值。

我也想删除<cooling cid="2">，但它不适用于myroot.remove(myroot[0][1])

我怎样才能做到这一点呢？

输入：

<compositionhistory type="result" iteration="1">
    <compositiondata tid="6">
                <cooling cid="1">
                    <isotope zamid="10010">3.776028e-09</isotope>
                    <isotope zamid="30060">2.851899e-09</isotope>
                    <isotope zamid="30070">2.253752e-10</isotope>
                    <isotope zamid="30080">7.533722e-18</isotope>
                    <isotope zamid="30090">1.172801e-18</isotope>
                    <isotope zamid="40060">6.672459e-39</isotope>
                    <isotope zamid="40080">1.084507e-33</isotope>
                    <isotope zamid="40090">8.142463e-11</isotope>
                 </cooling>
                <cooling cid="2">
                    <isotope zamid="10010">3.776028e-09</isotope>
                    <isotope zamid="30060">2.851899e-09</isotope>
                    <isotope zamid="30070">2.253752e-10</isotope>
                    <isotope zamid="40090">8.142463e-11</isotope>
                </cooling>
      </compositiondata>
</compositionhistory>

代码：

import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET
  
mytree = ET.parse('input2.xml') #open file
myroot = mytree.getroot()

for child in myroot[0]:         
    print(child.attrib)

myroot[0][0]=myroot[0][1] # paste "cid2" element on "cid=1"
myroot[0][1].set("cid", "1") # here is the problem. I want to rename only the first element and keep cid=2 on the second element

for child in myroot[0]:
    print(child.attrib)
    
mytree.write('output2.xml')

输出：

<compositionhistory iteration="1" type="result">
    <compositiondata tid="6">
                <cooling cid="1">
                    <isotope zamid="10010">3.776028e-09</isotope>
                    <isotope zamid="30060">2.851899e-09</isotope>
                    <isotope zamid="30070">2.253752e-10</isotope>
                    <isotope zamid="40090">8.142463e-11</isotope>
                </cooling>
      <cooling cid="1">                                          # here it should be cid=2 not cid=1
                    <isotope zamid="10010">3.776028e-09</isotope>
                    <isotope zamid="30060">2.851899e-09</isotope>
                    <isotope zamid="30070">2.253752e-10</isotope>
                    <isotope zamid="40090">8.142463e-11</isotope>
                </cooling>
      </compositiondata>
</compositionhistory

Answer 1

你可以创建一个原始元素的deepcopy，它应该可以工作：

import copy

myroot[0][0]=copy.deepcopy(myroot[0][1])

修改仅显示在原始元素上：

myroot[0][0].set("cid", "1") # I believe you only want to rename the first

打印生成的元素：

In [92]: print(ET.tostring(myroot).decode())
<compositionhistory iteration="1" type="result">
    <compositiondata tid="6">
                <cooling cid="1">
                    <isotope zamid="10010">3.776028e-09</isotope>
                    <isotope zamid="30060">2.851899e-09</isotope>
                    <isotope zamid="30070">2.253752e-10</isotope>
                    <isotope zamid="40090">8.142463e-11</isotope>
                </cooling>
      <cooling cid="2">
                    <isotope zamid="10010">3.776028e-09</isotope>
                    <isotope zamid="30060">2.851899e-09</isotope>
                    <isotope zamid="30070">2.253752e-10</isotope>
                    <isotope zamid="40090">8.142463e-11</isotope>
                </cooling>
      </compositiondata>
</compositionhistory>