如何在Apple Silicon (M1) Mac上安装RcppArmadillo

Question

我尝试了许多不同的方法来安装RcppArmadillo，但是我不能让它工作

install.packages(c('Rcpp'))
Sys.setenv("PKG_CXXFLAGS"="-std=c++11")
install.packages(c('RcppArmadillo'),type = "source")

它给出了这个错误：

ld: warning: directory not found for option '-L/usr/local/gfortran/lib/gcc/x86_64-apple-darwin18/8.2.0'
ld: library not found for -lquadmath
clang: error: linker command failed with exit code 1 (use -v to see invocation)
make: *** [RcppArmadillo.so] Error 1
ERROR: compilation failed for package ‘RcppArmadillo’
* removing ‘/Library/Frameworks/R.framework/Versions/4.0/Resources/library/RcppArmadillo’

显然，自从我安装了gfortran for the apple silicon architecture之后，我就没有x86_64-apple-darwin18/8.2.0了。

Mac版本：

macOS Big Sur 
11.2.3
Apple M1

R版本：

version
               _                           
platform       x86_64-apple-darwin17.0     
arch           x86_64                      
os             darwin17.0                  
system         x86_64, darwin17.0          
status                                     
major          4                           
minor          0.4                         
year           2021                        
month          02                          
day            15                          
svn rev        80002                       
language       R                           
version.string R version 4.0.4 (2021-02-15)
nickname       Lost Library Book           

Answer 1

我想我发现了一个问题。首先，我遵循以下教程：R COMPILER TOOLS FOR RCPP ON MACOS

一旦完成，它给我带来的错误几乎和你在帖子中提到的一样：

ld: warning: directory not found for option '-L/opt/R/arm64/gfortran/.....'
ld: library not found for -lgfortran clang: error: linker command failed
with exit code 1 (use -v to see invocation)

看起来，R正在/opt/R/arm64文件夹中查找gfortran。

在图章中，它指示gfortran安装在/usr/local/gfortran文件夹中。

我使用以下命令在/opt/R/arm64中创建了一个指向/usr/local/gfortran的符号链接

ln -s /usr/local/gfortran /opt/R/arm64

Answer 2

可以将~/.R/Makevars中的FLIBS设置为以下选项之一

# homebrew gfortran
FLIBS=-L/opt/homebrew/opt/gfortran/lib

# gfortran included in R
FLIBS=-L/opt/R/arm64/gfortran/lib

此外，您可能还希望将F77和FC定义为

F77     = /opt/R/arm64/gfortran/bin/gfortran
FC      = /opt/R/arm64/gfortran/bin/gfortran

要进行验证，请尝试安装glmnet包，现在应该会成功。