如何将文本文件添加到游戏中，以便它可以跟踪一个人的得分

Question

我已经写了一段代码，可以在电脑上显示一个石头-剪刀-布的游戏。我想添加一个功能，我可以创建一个文本文件，以便存储个人的分数和计算机分数，并跟踪分数，但我不知道怎么做。提前谢谢你！

这是我的代码。

#include <iostream>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <ctime>
#include <string>


using namespace std;

void rock_paper_scissors()
{
    static int userscore = 0;
    static int computerscore = 0;
    string playername;
    int userchoice;
    int computerchoice;


    

        cout << "Hello to rock-paper-scissors!\n";
        cout << "rock beats scissors, scissors beats paper and paper beats rock." << endl;
        cout << "choose 1 for rock, 2 for paper, 3 for scissors.\n";
        cout << "please enter your name." << endl;

        cin >> playername;
        cout << endl;

        cout << "Please enter your choice\n";
        cin >> userchoice;
        cout << endl;

        while (!(userchoice > 0 && userchoice <= 3))
        {
            cout << "invalid choice. please enter a number between 1 and 3\n";
            cin >> userchoice;
        }
            if (userchoice == 1)
            {
                cout << playername << " picked rock." << endl;
            }
            else if (userchoice == 2)
            {
                cout << playername << " picked paper." << endl;
            }
            else if (userchoice == 3)
            {
                cout << playername << " picked scissors." << endl;
            }
            
            
        


         computerchoice = (rand() % 3) + 1;
        if (userchoice == 1 && computerchoice == 3)
        {
            cout << playername  << " wins!" << endl;
        }
        else if (userchoice == 2 && computerchoice == 1)
        {
            cout << playername  << " wins!" << endl;
        }
        else if (userchoice == 3 && computerchoice == 2)
        {
            cout << playername  << " wins!" << endl;
        }
        else if (userchoice == computerchoice)
        {
            cout << " draw!" << endl;
        }
        else
        {
            cout << "computer wins!" << endl;
        }


        cout << "thank you for playing!\n";
        string restart;
        cout << "Would you like to play again?" << endl << "(y)es / (n)o" << endl;
        cin >> restart;
        if (restart == "y")
        {
            rock_paper_scissors();
        }









}

int main()
{
    cout << "MAIN\n";
    rock_paper_scissors();

    return 0;
}

Answer 1

为什么需要将数据写入到文件中？在每一轮之后更新一个简单的txt文件可能很麻烦，因为您总是在程序结束时得到一个分数。我建议将rock_paper_scissors的类型更改为int，以指示玩家在单个批次中取得的分数。中间结果是不相关的。只需将游戏循环放入您的主函数中，并且不要在此处使用递归函数调用和静态函数变量。否则，玩家必须为每一单牌输入他的名字。

此外，我测试了您的代码，您必须更改您的错误处理。我输入了"rock“，程序陷入了一个无限循环”无效的选择。请输入一个介于1和3\n之间的数字“，因此不能再输入另一个条目。由于我输入的是字符串而不是整数，因此您必须重置控制台。当心最愚蠢的用户。

此外，您应该为您的程序设定种子，以避免在每个游戏中选择相同的计算机。这可以用srand(time(NULL))来完成。

最后，我使用fstream标准库将跟踪到的分数写入主函数末尾的分数文件中。

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <algorithm>    // min max
#include <fstream>      // read/write from/to files
#include <time.h>       // time


using namespace std;

int rock_paper_scissors(const std::string& playername);


int main()
{
    srand(time(NULL));

    cout << "MAIN\n";
    cout << "Hello to rock-paper-scissors!\n";
    cout << "rock beats scissors, scissors beats paper and paper beats rock." << endl;
    cout << "choose 1 for rock, 2 for paper, 3 for scissors.\n";


    int userscore = 0;
    int computerscore = 0;
    std::string playername;
    std::string restart;

    cout << "please enter your name." << endl;
    cin >> playername;
    cout << endl;

    do
    {
        int result = rock_paper_scissors(playername);
        cout << "thank you for playing!\n";
        
        userscore += result;
        computerscore += std::max(0, 3 - 2 * result);
        
        cout << playername << "'s score: " << userscore;
        cout << "\ncomputer's score: " << computerscore;

        cout << "\nWould you like to play again?" << endl << "(y)es / (n)o" << endl;
        cin >> restart;

    } while (restart == "y");


    std::ofstream ofile;
    ofile.open("scorefile.txt");

    ofile << "Scores:\n" << playername << ": " << userscore;
    ofile << "\nComputer: " << computerscore;

    ofile.close();

    return 0;
}


int rock_paper_scissors(const std::string& playername)
{
    int userchoice;
    int computerchoice;

    cout << endl << endl;

    do {
        cout << "Please enter your choice\n";
        if (std::cin >> userchoice)
        {
            if (userchoice > 0 && userchoice <= 3)
            {
                break;
            }
            else
            {
                cout << "invalid choice. please enter a number between 1 and 3\n";
                continue;
            }
        }
        else if (!cin.bad() && !cin.eof())
        {
            // a non integer value entered
            cerr << "invalid choice. please enter a number between 1 and 3\n";
            // Reset error state
            cin.clear();
            // remove error input
            cin.ignore(std::numeric_limits<streamsize>::max(), '\n');
        }
    } while (true);

    if (userchoice == 1)
    {
        cout << playername << " picked rock." << endl;
    }
    else if (userchoice == 2)
    {
        cout << playername << " picked paper." << endl;
    }
    else if (userchoice == 3)
    {
        cout << playername << " picked scissors." << endl;
    }



    computerchoice = (rand() % 3) + 1;
    if (userchoice == 1 && computerchoice == 3)
    {
        cout << playername << " wins!" << endl;
        return 3;
    }
    else if (userchoice == 2 && computerchoice == 1)
    {
        cout << playername << " wins!" << endl;
        return 3;
    }
    else if (userchoice == 3 && computerchoice == 2)
    {
        cout << playername << " wins!" << endl;
        return 3;
    }
    else if (userchoice == computerchoice)
    {
        cout << " draw!" << endl;
        return 1;
    }
    else
    {
        cout << "computer wins!" << endl;
        return 0;
    }
}