更改HTTP请求中的非ascii字符

Question

我必须对外部服务进行http get调用。通过发送地址，将返回纬度和经度坐标。问题是，如果地址是俄语或法语，我会出现如下错误：

URI must be ascii only "http://nominatim.openstreetmap.org/?format=json&addressdetails=1&q={Barrage de G\u00E9nissiat, Rue Marcel Paul, Injoux, Franclens, Nantua, Ain, Auvergne-Rh\u00F4ne-Alpes, Francia metropolitana, 74910, Francia}&format=json" 

我的代码是：

url = "http://nominatim.openstreetmap.org/?format=json&addressdetails=1&q={"+ address_search +"}&format=json";
response = Faraday.get url

变量address_search为：

 Barrage de Génissiat, Rue Marcel Paul, Injoux, Franclens, Nantua, Ain, Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, Francia metropolitana, 74910, Francia

Faraday只是一个rails中发出HTTP请求的grm，没有什么奇怪的。我必须操纵URL。你有什么建议吗？

编辑：

  print Rails.logger.info "body " + response.body
    print Rails.logger.info response.status
    print Rails.logger.info response.env.url

这是输出

body []
200
https://nominatim.openstreetmap.org/?addressdetails=1&format=json&q=Barrage+de+G%C3%A9nissiat%2C+Rue+Marcel+Paul%2C+Injoux%2C+Franclens%2C+Nantua%2C+Ain%2C+Auvergne-Rh%C3%B4ne-Alpes%2C+Francia+metropolitana%2C+74910%2C+Francia
  Rendering homes/index.html.erb within layouts/application

Answer 1

查询需要编码，您可以手动完成：

query = 'Barrage de Génissiat, Rue Marcel Paul, Injoux, Franclens, Nantua, Ain, Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, Francia metropolitana, 74910, Francia'
address_search = URI.escape(query)
url = "https://nominatim.openstreetmap.org/?format=json&addressdetails=1&q=#{address_search}&format=json"
response = Faraday.get(url)

或者把工作留给法拉第：

query = 'Barrage de Génissiat, Rue Marcel Paul, Injoux, Franclens, Nantua, Ain, Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, Francia metropolitana, 74910, Francia'
connection = Faraday.new('https://nominatim.openstreetmap.org')
response = connection.get do |request|
  request.params = { format: 'json', addressdetails: 1, q: query }
end

以下是响应：

=> #<Faraday::Response:0x0000556afc452060
 @env=
  #<struct Faraday::Env
   method=:get,
   body=
    "[{\"place_id\":104161692,\"licence\":\"Data \xC2\xA9 OpenStreetMap contributors, ODbL 1.0. https://osm.org/copyright\",\"osm_type\":\"way\",\"osm_id\":80667335,\"boundingbox\":[\"46.0516289\",\"46.0531641\",\"5.8112371\",\"5.81
4139\"],\"lat\":\"46.0523765\",\"lon\":\"5.812744291298651\",\"display_name\":\"Barrage de G\xC3\xA9nissiat, Rue Marcel Paul, Injoux, Franclens, Nantua, Ain, Auvergne-Rh\xC3\xB4ne-Alpes, France m\xC3\xA9tropolitaine, 74910, France\"
,\"class\":\"tourism\",\"type\":\"attraction\",\"importance\":1.7983764706069638,\"icon\":\"https://nominatim.openstreetmap.org/images/mapicons/poi_point_of_interest.p.20.png\",\"address\":{\"tourism\":\"Barrage de G\xC3\xA9nissiat\
",\"road\":\"Rue Marcel Paul\",\"suburb\":\"Injoux\",\"village\":\"Franclens\",\"municipality\":\"Nantua\",\"county\":\"Ain\",\"state\":\"Auvergne-Rh\xC3\xB4ne-Alpes\",\"country\":\"France\",\"postcode\":\"74910\",\"country_code\":\
"fr\"}}]",
   url=
    #<URI::HTTPS https://nominatim.openstreetmap.org/?addressdetails=1&format=json&q=Barrage+de+G%C3%A9nissiat%2C+Rue+Marcel+Paul%2C+Injoux%2C+Franclens%2C+Nantua%2C+Ain%2C+Auvergne-Rh%C3%B4ne-Alpes%2C+Francia+metropolitana%2C+74910%2C+Francia>,
   request=#<struct Faraday::RequestOptions params_encoder=nil, proxy=nil, bind=nil, timeout=nil, open_timeout=nil, write_timeout=nil, boundary=nil, oauth=nil, context=nil>,
   request_headers={"User-Agent"=>"Faraday v0.17.3"},
   ssl=
    #<struct Faraday::SSLOptions
     verify=true,
     ca_file=nil,
     ca_path=nil,
     verify_mode=nil,
     cert_store=nil,
     client_cert=nil,
     client_key=nil,
     certificate=nil,
     private_key=nil,
     verify_depth=nil,
     version=nil,
     min_version=nil,
     max_version=nil>,
   parallel_manager=nil,
   params=nil,
   response=#<Faraday::Response:0x0000556afc452060 ...>,
   response_headers=
    {"server"=>"nginx",
     "date"=>"Thu, 15 Oct 2020 19:42:53 GMT",
     "content-type"=>"application/json; charset=UTF-8",
     "transfer-encoding"=>"chunked",
     "connection"=>"close",
     "access-control-allow-origin"=>"*",
     "access-control-allow-methods"=>"OPTIONS,GET"},
   status=200,
   reason_phrase="OK">,
 @on_complete_callbacks=[]>

确保使用https模式，否则将得到重定向的响应。

Answer 2

我使用以下代码：

  query = "Barrage de Génissiat, Rue Marcel Paul, Injoux, Franclens, Nantua, Ain, Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, Francia metropolitana, 74910, Francia"
  connection = Faraday.new('https://nominatim.openstreetmap.org')


    response = connection.get do |request|
      request.params = { format: 'json', addressdetails: 1, q: query }
    end


    print Rails.logger.info response.body

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