C++ wxWidgets在规模方面的巨大差距(初学者)

Question

我正在使用水平和垂直boxsizers来构建我的GUI，到目前为止，我已经成功地使用expand在每个sizer上添加了所有内容，然后调整diff元素的最小或最大宽度/高度来获得我想要的东西。不过，我遇到了一个奇怪的问题。

在我的GUI内容中有两个空白，我不明白。这是一张图片：

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差距#1

我不理解gap #1，因为它似乎没有必要。整个GUI从一个包含2个元素的垂直boxsizer开始。红色StaticText上面的所有内容都进入顶部，红色StaticText包含在第二个元素中。

在顶部条带中的子分级器中，应该要求的最高高度是TextCtrls的"Castables“和”Land“列。这让我想到了奇怪的差距#2..。

差距#2

直到我为上面的4个按钮设置了最大高度，这个间隙才会出现。我用油漆绘制了紫色的轮廓，这样你就可以看到尺寸是如何匹配在一起的(或者它们应该如何匹配，除非我犯了错误)。这个空隙在垂直分度器的开始处，然后包含一些其他分级器……在我为这4个按钮设置最大高度之前，这4个按钮的高度正好填补了这个空白区域。当我为它们设置最大高度时，我希望下面的所有内容都向上滑动，而不是向下滑动。

下面是构建整个GUI的构造函数中的所有代码

// mainPanel
wxPanel *mainPanel = new wxPanel(this, wxID_ANY);

// mainPanelSizer (vertical)
wxBoxSizer *mainPanelSizer = new wxBoxSizer(wxVERTICAL);

// progSizer (horizontal)
// contains program along top, and log window is along the bottom
// program contains 3 "columns"
wxBoxSizer *progSizer = new wxBoxSizer(wxHORIZONTAL);
mainPanelSizer->Add(progSizer, wxSizerFlags(1).Expand());

// 1. DECK
// deckSizer (horizontal)
wxBoxSizer *deckSizer = new wxBoxSizer(wxHORIZONTAL);
progSizer->Add(deckSizer, wxSizerFlags(1).Expand());

// castables column
wxBoxSizer *deckSizerCasts = new wxBoxSizer(wxVERTICAL);
deckSizer->Add(deckSizerCasts, wxSizerFlags(1).Expand());

// castables title
wxStaticText *deckCastsTitle = new wxStaticText(mainPanel, wxID_ANY, "Castables", wxDefaultPosition, wxDefaultSize, wxALIGN_CENTER_HORIZONTAL);
deckCastsTitle->SetBackgroundColour(*wxYELLOW);
deckCastsTitle->SetMaxSize(wxSize(-1, 25));
deckSizerCasts->Add(deckCastsTitle, wxSizerFlags(1).Expand());

// castables content
for ( int i = 0; i < 25; i++ )
{
    wxTextCtrl *textCtrl = new wxTextCtrl(mainPanel, wxID_ANY, wxEmptyString);
    textCtrl->SetMinSize(wxSize(200, -1));
    textCtrl->SetMaxSize(wxSize(-1, 25));
    deckInputCastables.push_back(textCtrl);
    deckSizerCasts->Add(textCtrl, wxSizerFlags(1).Expand());
}

// lands column
wxBoxSizer *deckSizerLands = new wxBoxSizer(wxVERTICAL);
deckSizer->Add(deckSizerLands, wxSizerFlags(1).Expand());

// lands title
wxStaticText *deckLandsTitle = new wxStaticText(mainPanel, wxID_ANY, "Lands", wxDefaultPosition, wxDefaultSize, wxALIGN_CENTER_HORIZONTAL);
deckLandsTitle->SetBackgroundColour(*wxGREEN);
deckLandsTitle->SetMaxSize(wxSize(-1, 25));
deckSizerLands->Add(deckLandsTitle, wxSizerFlags(1).Expand());


// lands content
for ( int i = 0; i < 25; i++ )
{
    wxTextCtrl *textCtrl = new wxTextCtrl(mainPanel, wxID_ANY, wxEmptyString);
    textCtrl->SetMinSize(wxSize(200, -1));
    textCtrl->SetMaxSize(wxSize(-1, 25));
    deckInputLands.push_back(textCtrl);
    deckSizerLands->Add(textCtrl, wxSizerFlags(1).Expand());
}


// 2. HAND
// handSizer (vertical)
wxBoxSizer *handSizer = new wxBoxSizer(wxVERTICAL);
progSizer->Add(handSizer, wxSizerFlags(1).Expand());

// hand title
wxStaticText *deckHandTitle = new wxStaticText(mainPanel, wxID_ANY, "Hand", wxDefaultPosition, wxDefaultSize, wxALIGN_CENTER_HORIZONTAL);
deckHandTitle->SetBackgroundColour(*wxCYAN);
deckHandTitle->SetMaxSize(wxSize(-1, 25));
handSizer->Add(deckHandTitle, wxSizerFlags(1).Expand());


// hand content
for ( int i = 0; i < 7; i++ )
{
    wxTextCtrl *textCtrl = new wxTextCtrl(mainPanel, wxID_ANY, wxEmptyString);
    textCtrl->SetMinSize(wxSize(200, -1));
    textCtrl->SetMaxSize(wxSize(-1, 25));
    handInputs.push_back(textCtrl);
    handSizer->Add(textCtrl, wxSizerFlags(1).Expand());
}


// 3. OPTS
wxBoxSizer *optsSizer = new wxBoxSizer(wxVERTICAL);
progSizer->Add(optsSizer, wxSizerFlags(1).Expand());

// a. OPTS INSTRUCTIONS (horizontal)
// contains buttons for things can do,
// add or remove needs, reset all, or calculate
wxBoxSizer *optsInstructSizer = new wxBoxSizer(wxHORIZONTAL);
optsSizer->Add(optsInstructSizer, wxSizerFlags(1).Expand());

wxButton *addNeedButton = new wxButton(mainPanel, wxID_ANY, "+ Need");
//addNeedButton->SetMaxSize(wxSize(-1, 50));
optsInstructSizer->Add(addNeedButton, wxSizerFlags(1).Expand());

wxButton *removeNeedButton = new wxButton(mainPanel, wxID_ANY, "- Need");
//removeNeedButton->SetMaxSize(wxSize(-1, 50));
optsInstructSizer->Add(removeNeedButton, wxSizerFlags(1).Expand());

wxButton *resetAllButton = new wxButton(mainPanel, wxID_ANY, "Reset All");
//resetAllButton->SetMaxSize(wxSize(-1, 50));
optsInstructSizer->Add(resetAllButton, wxSizerFlags(1).Expand());

wxButton *calculateButton = new wxButton(mainPanel, wxID_ANY, "Calculate");
//calculateButton->SetMaxSize(wxSize(-1, 50));
optsInstructSizer->Add(calculateButton, wxSizerFlags(1).Expand());

// b. NEEDS WRAP SIZER
// contains all the needs
wxBoxSizer *needsWrapSizer = new wxBoxSizer(wxVERTICAL);
optsSizer->Add(needsWrapSizer, wxSizerFlags(1).Expand());

// b1. a single need we can copy to make more needs
wxBoxSizer *needsItemSizer = new wxBoxSizer(wxVERTICAL);
needsWrapSizer->Add(needsItemSizer, wxSizerFlags(1).Expand());

// each need has 3 horrizontal components
// i. filters check area
// we'll do 3 columns of filters so 12 possible.
// this is
wxBoxSizer *needsItemFiltersSizer = new wxBoxSizer(wxHORIZONTAL);
needsItemSizer->Add(needsItemFiltersSizer, wxSizerFlags(1).Expand());


// 4 filters per column: col 1
wxBoxSizer *needsItemFiltersCol1Sizer = new wxBoxSizer(wxVERTICAL);
needsItemFiltersSizer->Add(needsItemFiltersCol1Sizer, wxSizerFlags(1).Expand());
for ( int i = 0; i < 4; i++ )
{
    wxCheckBox *filterCheck = new wxCheckBox(mainPanel, wxID_ANY, "filter " + wxString::Format(wxT("%d"), (int)(i + 1)));
    filterCheck->SetBackgroundColour(*wxGREEN);
    needsItemFiltersCol1Sizer->Add(filterCheck, wxSizerFlags(1).Expand());
}

// 4 filters per column: col 2
wxBoxSizer *needsItemFiltersCol2Sizer = new wxBoxSizer(wxVERTICAL);
needsItemFiltersSizer->Add(needsItemFiltersCol2Sizer, wxSizerFlags(1).Expand());
for ( int i = 4; i < 8; i++ )
{
    wxCheckBox *filterCheck = new wxCheckBox(mainPanel, wxID_ANY, "filter " + wxString::Format(wxT("%d"), (int)(i + 1)));
    needsItemFiltersCol2Sizer->Add(filterCheck, wxSizerFlags(1).Expand());
}

// 4 filters per column: col 3
wxBoxSizer *needsItemFiltersCol3Sizer = new wxBoxSizer(wxVERTICAL);
needsItemFiltersSizer->Add(needsItemFiltersCol3Sizer, wxSizerFlags(1).Expand());
for ( int i = 8; i < 12; i++ )
{
    wxCheckBox *filterCheck = new wxCheckBox(mainPanel, wxID_ANY, "filter " + wxString::Format(wxT("%d"), (int)(i + 1)));
    needsItemFiltersCol3Sizer->Add(filterCheck, wxSizerFlags(1).Expand());
}


// ii. build line (3 variations: land/land+fixing, specific card, and other
// should put in a ramp, but for now just do "land"
wxBoxSizer *needsItemBuildLineSizer = new wxBoxSizer(wxHORIZONTAL);
needsItemSizer->Add(needsItemBuildLineSizer, wxSizerFlags(1).Expand());

// line item -> "("
wxButton *needsItemOpenBrackButton = new wxButton(mainPanel, wxID_ANY, "(");
needsItemBuildLineSizer->Add(needsItemOpenBrackButton, wxSizerFlags(1).Expand());

// line item -> cards to draw combo box
wxComboBox *cardsToDrawCombo = new wxComboBox(mainPanel, wxID_ANY);
cardsToDrawCombo->Append("1 to Draw");
cardsToDrawCombo->Append("2 to Draw");
cardsToDrawCombo->Append("3 to Draw");
cardsToDrawCombo->Append("4 to Draw");
cardsToDrawCombo->Append("5 to Draw");
cardsToDrawCombo->Append("6 to Draw");
cardsToDrawCombo->Append("7 to Draw");
cardsToDrawCombo->Append("8 to Draw");
cardsToDrawCombo->Append("9 to Draw");
cardsToDrawCombo->Append("10 to Draw");
needsItemBuildLineSizer->Add(cardsToDrawCombo, wxSizerFlags(1).Expand());

// line item -> filters to apply (any/all)
wxComboBox *filtersApplyTypeCombo = new wxComboBox(mainPanel, wxID_ANY);
filtersApplyTypeCombo->Append("Any");
filtersApplyTypeCombo->Append("All");
needsItemBuildLineSizer->Add(filtersApplyTypeCombo, wxSizerFlags(1).Expand());

// line item -> cost colors combo
wxComboBox *filtersCostColorsCombo = new wxComboBox(mainPanel, wxID_ANY);
filtersCostColorsCombo->Append("Any");
filtersCostColorsCombo->Append("Black");
filtersCostColorsCombo->Append("Blue");
filtersCostColorsCombo->Append("Green");
filtersCostColorsCombo->Append("Red");
filtersCostColorsCombo->Append("White");
needsItemBuildLineSizer->Add(filtersCostColorsCombo, wxSizerFlags(1).Expand());

// line item -> cost amount combo
wxComboBox *filtersCostAmountCombo = new wxComboBox(mainPanel, wxID_ANY);
filtersCostAmountCombo->Append("<= 1");
filtersCostAmountCombo->Append("<= 2");
filtersCostAmountCombo->Append("<= 3");
filtersCostAmountCombo->Append("<= 4");
filtersCostAmountCombo->Append("<= 5");
filtersCostAmountCombo->Append("<= 6");
needsItemBuildLineSizer->Add(filtersCostAmountCombo, wxSizerFlags(1).Expand());

// line item -> ")"
wxButton *needsItemCloseBrackButton = new wxButton(mainPanel, wxID_ANY, ")");
needsItemBuildLineSizer->Add(needsItemCloseBrackButton , wxSizerFlags(1).Expand());

// line item -> "AND"
wxButton *needsItemAndButton = new wxButton(mainPanel, wxID_ANY, "AND");
needsItemBuildLineSizer->Add(needsItemAndButton, wxSizerFlags(1).Expand());

// line item -> "OR"
wxButton *needsItemOrButton = new wxButton(mainPanel, wxID_ANY, "OR");
needsItemBuildLineSizer->Add(needsItemOrButton, wxSizerFlags(1).Expand());


// iii. line buttons (reset, + row below, - this row
wxBoxSizer *needsItemButtonSizer = new wxBoxSizer(wxHORIZONTAL);
needsItemSizer->Add(needsItemButtonSizer, wxSizerFlags(1).Expand());

// buttons
wxButton *needsItemInlineAddButton = new wxButton(mainPanel, wxID_ANY, "+");
needsItemButtonSizer->Add(needsItemInlineAddButton, wxSizerFlags(1).Expand());

wxButton *needsItemInlineRemoveButton = new wxButton(mainPanel, wxID_ANY, "-");
needsItemButtonSizer->Add(needsItemInlineRemoveButton, wxSizerFlags(1).Expand());

wxButton *needsItemInlineResetButton = new wxButton(mainPanel, wxID_ANY, "R");
needsItemButtonSizer->Add(needsItemInlineResetButton, wxSizerFlags(1).Expand());


// b2. At the bottom of all needs is a
// test control that has the build string
wxBoxSizer *needsBuildDisplaySizer = new wxBoxSizer(wxVERTICAL);
needsWrapSizer->Add(needsBuildDisplaySizer, wxSizerFlags(1).Expand());

// outputSizer (horizontal)
wxStaticText *buildDisplay = new wxStaticText(mainPanel, wxID_ANY, "Build Display");
buildDisplay->SetBackgroundColour(*wxBLUE);
needsBuildDisplaySizer->Add(buildDisplay, wxSizerFlags(1).Expand());


// at the bottom of the main panel stretches the log output
wxBoxSizer *outputSizer = new wxBoxSizer(wxHORIZONTAL);
mainPanelSizer ->Add(outputSizer, wxSizerFlags(1).Expand());

// logOutput StaticText
logOutput = new wxStaticText(mainPanel, wxID_ANY, "Output Terminal");
logOutput->SetBackgroundColour(*wxRED);
outputSizer ->Add(logOutput, wxSizerFlags(1).Expand());



mainPanel->SetSizerAndFit(mainPanelSizer);
this->Fit();

谢谢你的帮助。

Answer 1

根据你发布的代码，我看不到gap2。相反，我看到按钮变大了，填满了整个空间。我猜您在创建图像后稍微更改了代码。但是按钮和gap2的放大都有相同的原因。

您有optsSizer，它包含另外两个sizer optsInstructSizer和needsWrapSizer。这两个size都以1的比例添加到optsSizer中，这意味着optsInstructSizer和needsWrapSizer的大小将相同。由于needsWrapSizer的内容要大得多，这意味着在生成图像的代码中将包含gap2。

要解决此问题，只需将比例为0的optsInstructSizer添加到optsSizer中，如下所示：

optsSizer->Add(optsInstructSizer, wxSizerFlags(0).Expand());

或者，由于0是proportion参数的默认值，您可以只使用

optsSizer->Add(optsInstructSizer, wxSizerFlags().Expand());

(我总是使用0，即使没有必要显式地提醒我要添加的项的比例为0。)当项目被添加到比例为0的sizer中时，这意味着应该将其大小调整为其最小大小(垂直大小为垂直大小，水平大小为水平大小)。

当您摆脱gap2时，出于类似的原因，gap1也会被删除。您有包含handSizer和optsSizer的progSizer。两者都以比例1相加，这意味着它们将具有相同的大小。删除gap2时，垂直大小optsSizer会缩小，这也会删除gap1，因为handSizer具有相同的垂直大小。