尝试在skyfield中使用pyinstaller，构建.exe但运行失败

Question

我试图用pyinstaller打包一个脚本，它使用了skyfield模块/API，但当我运行它时，它死了，说它找不到nutation.npz ( nutationlib.py _arrays = load_bundled_npy('nutation.npz')中包含的一个数据文件)。

我尝试过使用--onefile，而不是使用它。--add-data和--add-binary不喜欢这样。--hidden-imports帮不上忙。--debug=imports不是很有用，但是附加的日志来自--debug=all编译。

有没有想过如何强制pyinstaller在构建的.exe中包含nutation.npz，这样当它被提取/运行时就会存在？

import skyfield.nutationlib # PyInstaller PYZ
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "satvis.py", line 9, in <module>
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 983, in _find_and_load
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 967, in _find_and_load_unlocked
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 677, in _load_unlocked
  File "c:\users\fox\appdata\local\programs\python\python37\lib\site-packages\PyInstaller\loader\pyimod03_importers.py", line 623, in exec_module
    exec(bytecode, module.__dict__)
  File "site-packages\skyfield\api.py", line 11, in <module>
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 983, in _find_and_load
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 967, in _find_and_load_unlocked
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 677, in _load_unlocked
  File "c:\users\fox\appdata\local\programs\python\python37\lib\site-packages\PyInstaller\loader\pyimod03_importers.py", line 623, in exec_module
    exec(bytecode, module.__dict__)
  File "site-packages\skyfield\constellationlib.py", line 29, in <module>
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 983, in _find_and_load
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 967, in _find_and_load_unlocked
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 677, in _load_unlocked
  File "c:\users\fox\appdata\local\programs\python\python37\lib\site-packages\PyInstaller\loader\pyimod03_importers.py", line 623, in exec_module
    exec(bytecode, module.__dict__)
  File "site-packages\skyfield\timelib.py", line 14, in <module>
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 983, in _find_and_load
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 967, in _find_and_load_unlocked
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 677, in _load_unlocked
  File "c:\users\fox\appdata\local\programs\python\python37\lib\site-packages\PyInstaller\loader\pyimod03_importers.py", line 623, in exec_module
    exec(bytecode, module.__dict__)
  File "site-packages\skyfield\nutationlib.py", line 7, in <module>
  File "site-packages\skyfield\functions.py", line 143, in load_bundled_npy
  File "pkgutil.py", line 637, in get_data
  File "c:\users\fox\appdata\local\programs\python\python37\lib\site-packages\PyInstaller\loader\pyimod03_importers.py", line 471, in get_data
    with open(path, 'rb') as fp:
FileNotFoundError: [Errno 2] No such file or directory: 'C:\\Users\\fox\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\_MEI89762\\skyfield\\data\\nutation.npz'
[44412] Failed to execute script satvis

Answer 1

您需要添加一个包含skyfield数据文件(npz、npy等)的目录。

例如，如果skyfield位于虚拟环境文件夹中，则需要以下pyinstaller调用：

pyinstaller --onefile --add-data 'venv/Lib/site-packages/skyfield/data;skyfield/data' yourapp.py

Answer 2

在skyfield的代码中，它似乎认为该文件属于包"skyfield"：

data = get_data('skyfield', 'data/{0}'.format(filename))

但在Skyfield的setup.py中，该文件属于子包skyfield.data：

package_data = {
    'skyfield': ['documentation/*.rst'],
    'skyfield.data': ['Leap_Second.dat', 'deltat.data', 'deltat.preds',
                      '*.npy', '*.npz'],
    'skyfield.tests': ['data/*'],
    },

如果您能够编辑Skyfield的本地副本，请尝试从skyfield/functions.py更改上面引用的代码行，使其显示为：

data = get_data('skyfield.data', '{0}'.format(filename))

这一更改可能会解决PyInstaller的问题。如果是这样的话，我会正式修改Skyfield的代码！

Answer 3

我能够在Win10上构建一个可以正常工作的myprog.exe "onefile“

python 3.7.9

pyinstaller 4.0

skyfield 1.29

通过使用以下命令构建等级库文件

pyinstaller -F myprog.py

然后在spec文件中，更改行

datas=[],

至

datas=[ ('C:\\Users\\Administrator\\Anaconda3\\pkgs\\skyfield-1.28-pyh9f0ad1d_0\\site-packages\\*', 'skyfield')],

我使用的build命令是

pyinstaller -clean myprog.spec

我不相信Anaconda和它有任何关系，那只是我的安装中有skyfield包数据的地方。不过，我是在一个标准的Python虚拟环境中构建的。