是否通过Powershell使用更新管理报告Azure VM的修补程序合规性状态？

Question

我正在使用Azure更新管理来修补我的机器，并且可以很容易地在其中一列中查看我的虚拟机及其合规性状态的列表，你知道我如何通过AzureRM或Az使用Powershell来获取相同的信息吗？

谢谢

Answer 1

如果您想要获取不兼容的虚拟机，可以尝试使用this script。此脚本使用新的Az模块，如果您使用旧的AzureRM模块，请将Get-AzContext更改为Get-AzureRmContext，如下所示。

param (
    $SUBSCRIPTIONID,

    $AUTOMATIONACCOUNTNAME,

    $RESOURCEGROUPNAME,

    $WORKSPACE
)
#region - Generate a bearer token
$azureRmProfile = [Microsoft.Azure.Commands.Common.Authentication.Abstractions.AzureRmProfileProvider]::Instance.Profile
$currentAzureContext = Get-AzureRmContext
$profileClient = New-Object Microsoft.Azure.Commands.ResourceManager.Common.RMProfileClient($azureRmProfile)
$token = $profileClient.AcquireAccessToken($currentAzureContext.Subscription.TenantId)
#endregion


$Query = @"
{
    "top": 1000000000,
    "query": "Heartbeat\n| where TimeGenerated>ago(12h) and OSType==\"Linux\" and notempty(Computer) | where ComputerEnvironment=~\"Azure\"\n| summarize arg_max(TimeGenerated, Solutions, Computer, ResourceId, ComputerEnvironment, VMUUID) by SourceComputerId\n| where Solutions has \"updates\" \n| extend vmuuId=VMUUID, azureResourceId=ResourceId, osType=1,\nenvironment=iff(ComputerEnvironment=~\"Azure\", 1, 2),\nscopedToUpdatesSolution=true, lastUpdateAgentSeenTime=\"\"\n| join kind=leftouter (Update\n| where TimeGenerated>ago(5h) and OSType==\"Linux\" and SourceComputerId in ((Heartbeat\n| where TimeGenerated>ago(12h) and OSType==\"Linux\" and notempty(Computer)\n| summarize arg_max(TimeGenerated, Solutions) by SourceComputerId\n| where Solutions has \"updates\" | distinct SourceComputerId)) | where ComputerEnvironment=~\"Azure\"\n| summarize hint.strategy=partitioned arg_max(TimeGenerated, UpdateState, Classification, Product, Computer, ComputerEnvironment) by SourceComputerId, Product, ProductArch \n| summarize Computer=any(Computer), ComputerEnvironment=any(ComputerEnvironment), missingCriticalUpdatesCount=countif(Classification has \"Critical\" and UpdateState=~\"Needed\"),\nmissingSecurityUpdatesCount=countif(Classification has \"Security\" and UpdateState=~\"Needed\"),\nmissingOtherUpdatesCount=countif(Classification !has \"Critical\" and Classification !has \"Security\" and UpdateState=~\"Needed\"),\nlastAssessedTime=max(TimeGenerated), lastUpdateAgentSeenTime=\"\" by SourceComputerId\n| extend compliance=iff(missingCriticalUpdatesCount > 0 or missingSecurityUpdatesCount > 0, 2, 1)\n| extend ComplianceOrder=iff(missingCriticalUpdatesCount > 0 or missingSecurityUpdatesCount > 0 or missingOtherUpdatesCount > 0, 1, 3)) on SourceComputerId\n| project id=SourceComputerId, displayName=Computer ,sourceComputerId=SourceComputerId, azureResourceId, scopedToUpdatesSolution=true,\nmissingCriticalUpdatesCount=coalesce(missingCriticalUpdatesCount, -1), missingSecurityUpdatesCount=coalesce(missingSecurityUpdatesCount, -1), missingOtherUpdatesCount=coalesce(missingOtherUpdatesCount, -1), compliance=coalesce(compliance, 4), lastAssessedTime, lastUpdateAgentSeenTime, osType=1, environment=iff(ComputerEnvironment=~\"Azure\", 1, 2), ComplianceOrder=coalesce(ComplianceOrder, 2)\n | where compliance in (2) | union(Heartbeat\n| where TimeGenerated>ago(12h) and OSType=~\"Windows\" and notempty(Computer) | where ComputerEnvironment=~\"Azure\"\n| summarize arg_max(TimeGenerated, Solutions, Computer, ResourceId, ComputerEnvironment, VMUUID) by SourceComputerId\n| where Solutions has \"updates\" \n| extend vmuuId=VMUUID, azureResourceId=ResourceId, osType=2,\nenvironment=iff(ComputerEnvironment=~\"Azure\", 1, 2),\nscopedToUpdatesSolution=true, lastUpdateAgentSeenTime=\"\"\n| join kind=leftouter (Update\n| where TimeGenerated>ago(14h) and OSType!=\"Linux\" and SourceComputerId in ((Heartbeat\n| where TimeGenerated>ago(12h) and OSType=~\"Windows\" and notempty(Computer)\n| summarize arg_max(TimeGenerated, Solutions) by SourceComputerId\n| where Solutions has \"updates\" | distinct SourceComputerId)) | where ComputerEnvironment=~\"Azure\"\n| summarize hint.strategy=partitioned arg_max(TimeGenerated, UpdateState, Classification, Title, Optional, Approved, Computer, ComputerEnvironment) by Computer, SourceComputerId, UpdateID \n| summarize Computer=any(Computer), ComputerEnvironment=any(ComputerEnvironment), missingCriticalUpdatesCount=countif(Classification has \"Critical\" and UpdateState=~\"Needed\" and Approved!=false),\nmissingSecurityUpdatesCount=countif(Classification has \"Security\" and UpdateState=~\"Needed\" and Approved!=false),\nmissingOtherUpdatesCount=countif(Classification !has \"Critical\" and Classification !has \"Security\" and UpdateState=~\"Needed\" and Optional==false and Approved!=false),\nlastAssessedTime=max(TimeGenerated), lastUpdateAgentSeenTime=\"\" by SourceComputerId\n| extend compliance=iff(missingCriticalUpdatesCount > 0 or missingSecurityUpdatesCount > 0, 2, 1)\n| extend ComplianceOrder=iff(missingCriticalUpdatesCount > 0 or missingSecurityUpdatesCount > 0 or missingOtherUpdatesCount > 0, 1, 3)) on SourceComputerId\n| project id=SourceComputerId, displayName=Computer, sourceComputerId=SourceComputerId, azureResourceId, scopedToUpdatesSolution=true,\nmissingCriticalUpdatesCount=coalesce(missingCriticalUpdatesCount, -1), missingSecurityUpdatesCount=coalesce(missingSecurityUpdatesCount, -1), missingOtherUpdatesCount=coalesce(missingOtherUpdatesCount, -1), compliance=coalesce(compliance, 4), lastAssessedTime, lastUpdateAgentSeenTime, osType=2, environment=iff(ComputerEnvironment=~\"Azure\", 1, 2), ComplianceOrder=coalesce(ComplianceOrder, 2)\n | where compliance in (2)) | order by ComplianceOrder asc, missingCriticalUpdatesCount desc, missingSecurityUpdatesCount desc, missingOtherUpdatesCount desc, displayName asc"
}
"@ 


$result = Invoke-RestMethod -Uri "https://management.azure.com/subscriptions/$($SUBSCRIPTIONID)/resourcegroups/$($RESOURCEGROUPNAME)/microsoft.operationalinsights/workspaces/$($WORKSPACE)/query?api-version=2017-10-01&q_OrchestratorExtension.DataModels.Computer" -Headers @{
    Authorization = "Bearer {0}" -f ($token.AccessToken)
} -Method Post -Body ($Query) -ContentType 'application/json'

$Collection = @()
$result.tables.rows  | %{
    $Collection += [pscustomobject]@{
        VMName = $_[1]
        CriticalUpdateMissing = $_[5]
        SecurityUpdateMissing = $_[6]

    }
} 
$Collection

Answer 2

首先，停止使用AzureRM-Cmdlet。请改用新的Az-CMDlet。

没有cmdlet可用于获取开箱即用的修补程序状态。

您可以从链接的Log-Analytics-Account中获取状态，如

UpdateSummary 
| where OldestMissingSecurityUpdateInDays != 0
| summarize Computer = dcount(Computer == "Resource") by Resource

或者您正在使用新的图形应用程序接口：https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/graph/api/intune-shared-windowsupdatestate-get?view=graph-rest-beta