如何在esp32中操作sd模块？

Question

我是使用微控制器的新手，我正在测试在sd中创建文件的platformio id示例代码的操作，但当我在将其传递给ESP32后对其进行编译时，它抛出了出现在图像“确保SD卡线路上有上拉电阻到位esp32”中的错误。这是一个代码问题，还是我需要给连接增加一些阻力？

我留下了一个图像，它是如何连接的，谢谢

  /* SD card and FAT filesystem example.
   This example code is in the Public Domain (or CC0 licensed, at your option.)

   Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, this
   software is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR
   CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
*/

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/unistd.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include "esp_err.h"
#include "esp_log.h"
#include "esp_vfs_fat.h"
#include "driver/sdmmc_host.h"
#include "driver/sdspi_host.h"
#include "sdmmc_cmd.h"

static const char *TAG = "example";

// This example can use SDMMC and SPI peripherals to communicate with SD card.
// By default, SDMMC peripheral is used.
// To enable SPI mode, uncomment the following line:

// #define USE_SPI_MODE

// When testing SD and SPI modes, keep in mind that once the card has been
// initialized in SPI mode, it can not be reinitialized in SD mode without
// toggling power to the card.

#ifdef USE_SPI_MODE
// Pin mapping when using SPI mode.
// With this mapping, SD card can be used both in SPI and 1-line SD mode.
// Note that a pull-up on CS line is required in SD mode.
#define PIN_NUM_MISO 2
#define PIN_NUM_MOSI 15
#define PIN_NUM_CLK  14
#define PIN_NUM_CS   13
#endif //USE_SPI_MODE

void app_main(void)
{
    ESP_LOGI(TAG, "Initializing SD card");

#ifndef USE_SPI_MODE
    ESP_LOGI(TAG, "Using SDMMC peripheral");
    sdmmc_host_t host = SDMMC_HOST_DEFAULT();

    // To use 1-line SD mode, uncomment the following line:
    // host.flags = SDMMC_HOST_FLAG_1BIT;

    // This initializes the slot without card detect (CD) and write protect (WP) signals.
    // Modify slot_config.gpio_cd and slot_config.gpio_wp if your board has these signals.
    sdmmc_slot_config_t slot_config = SDMMC_SLOT_CONFIG_DEFAULT();

    // GPIOs 15, 2, 4, 12, 13 should have external 10k pull-ups.
    // Internal pull-ups are not sufficient. However, enabling internal pull-ups
    // does make a difference some boards, so we do that here.
    gpio_set_pull_mode(15, GPIO_PULLUP_ONLY);   // CMD, needed in 4- and 1- line modes
    gpio_set_pull_mode(2, GPIO_PULLUP_ONLY);    // D0, needed in 4- and 1-line modes
    gpio_set_pull_mode(4, GPIO_PULLUP_ONLY);    // D1, needed in 4-line mode only
    gpio_set_pull_mode(12, GPIO_PULLUP_ONLY);   // D2, needed in 4-line mode only
    gpio_set_pull_mode(13, GPIO_PULLUP_ONLY);   // D3, needed in 4- and 1-line modes

#else
    ESP_LOGI(TAG, "Using SPI peripheral");

    sdmmc_host_t host = SDSPI_HOST_DEFAULT();
    sdspi_slot_config_t slot_config = SDSPI_SLOT_CONFIG_DEFAULT();
    slot_config.gpio_miso = PIN_NUM_MISO;
    slot_config.gpio_mosi = PIN_NUM_MOSI;
    slot_config.gpio_sck  = PIN_NUM_CLK;
    slot_config.gpio_cs   = PIN_NUM_CS;
    // This initializes the slot without card detect (CD) and write protect (WP) signals.
    // Modify slot_config.gpio_cd and slot_config.gpio_wp if your board has these signals.
#endif //USE_SPI_MODE

    // Options for mounting the filesystem.
    // If format_if_mount_failed is set to true, SD card will be partitioned and
    // formatted in case when mounting fails.
    esp_vfs_fat_sdmmc_mount_config_t mount_config = {
        .format_if_mount_failed = false,
        .max_files = 5
    };

    // Use settings defined above to initialize SD card and mount FAT filesystem.
    // Note: esp_vfs_fat_sdmmc_mount is an all-in-one convenience function.
    // Please check its source code and implement error recovery when developing
    // production applications.
    sdmmc_card_t* card;
    esp_err_t ret = esp_vfs_fat_sdmmc_mount("/sdcard", &host, &slot_config, &mount_config, &card);

    if (ret != ESP_OK) {
        if (ret == ESP_FAIL) {
            ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Failed to mount filesystem. "
                "If you want the card to be formatted, set format_if_mount_failed = true.");
        } else {
            ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Failed to initialize the card (%d). "
                "Make sure SD card lines have pull-up resistors in place.", ret);
        }
        return;
    }

    // Card has been initialized, print its properties
    sdmmc_card_print_info(stdout, card);

    // Use POSIX and C standard library functions to work with files.
    // First create a file.
    ESP_LOGI(TAG, "Opening file");
    FILE* f = fopen("/sdcard/hello.txt", "w");
    if (f == NULL) {
        ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Failed to open file for writing");
        return;
    }
    fprintf(f, "Hello %s!\n", card->cid.name);
    fclose(f);
    ESP_LOGI(TAG, "File written");

    // Check if destination file exists before renaming
    struct stat st;
    if (stat("/sdcard/foo.txt", &st) == 0) {
        // Delete it if it exists
        unlink("/sdcard/foo.txt");
    }

    // Rename original file
    ESP_LOGI(TAG, "Renaming file");
    if (rename("/sdcard/hello.txt", "/sdcard/foo.txt") != 0) {
        ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Rename failed");
        return;
    }

    // Open renamed file for reading
    ESP_LOGI(TAG, "Reading file");
    f = fopen("/sdcard/foo.txt", "r");
    if (f == NULL) {
        ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Failed to open file for reading");
        return;
    }
    char line[64];
    fgets(line, sizeof(line), f);
    fclose(f);
    // strip newline
    char* pos = strchr(line, '\n');
    if (pos) {
        *pos = '\0';
    }
    ESP_LOGI(TAG, "Read from file: '%s'", line);

    // All done, unmount partition and disable SDMMC or SPI peripheral
    esp_vfs_fat_sdmmc_unmount();
    ESP_LOGI(TAG, "Card unmounted");
}

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Answer 1

“确保SD卡线路上拉电阻就位。”是与SD卡(模块)的通信不起作用时的默认错误消息。

esp_err_t ret = esp_vfs_fat_sdmmc_mount("/sdcard", &host, &slot_config, &mount_config, &card);

if (ret != ESP_OK) {
    if (ret == ESP_FAIL) {
        ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Failed to mount filesystem. "
            "If you want the card to be formatted, set format_if_mount_failed = true.");
    } else {
        ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Failed to initialize the card (%d). "
            "Make sure SD card lines have pull-up resistors in place.", ret);
    }
    return;
}

关于上拉电阻的信息只是一个提示，可能是错误的，类似于:可能你的一根电线没有正确连接。

当我尝试使用带有SPI连接的SD-Card模块时，我遇到了相同的错误，我之前在Arduino中使用了该模块。

在尝试了很多东西并查看了互联网上的所有信息后，在我看来，这似乎从未与SPI和使用SPI的SD卡模块一起工作。我记得我找到了“这将在以后实现”之类的信息，但我不记得我是在哪里读到的。

后来我发现还有其他不使用SPI的SD卡模块。

我用了这个，它起作用了。

​

https://www.ebay.com/itm/9-Pin-Micro-SD-TF-Card-Reader-Read-Write-Module-Storage-Board-Memory-Arduino/401316600781

这与SPI无关，必须在下面的代码中选择该选项：

// This example can use SDMMC and SPI peripherals to communicate with SD card.
// By default, SDMMC peripheral is used.
// To enable SPI mode, uncomment the following line:

//#define USE_SPI_MODE

在后面的代码中有这一节：

// To use 1-line SD mode, uncomment the following line:
host.flags = SDMMC_HOST_FLAG_1BIT;

我可以通过上面的模块使用1BIT模式来运行它。我没有让它在所有连接下运行(我认为这被称为SD模式或单线SD模式)。