未加载macos库上的pymqi：@rpath/libmqic_r.dylib

Question

我正在尝试在我的macbook上设置IBM MQ和pymqi。MQ是通过docker完成的，没有问题。我已经从https://developer.ibm.com/messaging/2019/02/05/ibm-mq-macos-toolkit-for-developers/安装了IBM MQ，并按照说明进行了操作。我用pip安装了pymqi，之后就没有问题了。

但是当简单地运行import pymqi时，我会得到

ImportError: dlopen(/Users/.../Library/Python/2.7/lib/python/site-packages/pymqi/pymqe.so, 2): Library not loaded: @rpath/libmqic_r.dylib

我已经在这上面试了一天了，尝试了各种方式的链接，复制，文件权限，设置环境变量等等。尽管这是一个相当常见的问题(至少看看谷歌的结果)，但似乎没有什么建议。

libmqic_r.dylib在两个位置提供，包括/opt/mqm/lib64

otool的输出如下所示，我注意到它没有LC_RPATH，但我并不是真的理解它。我对python比较陌生。

libmqic_r.dylib:
Mach header
      magic cputype cpusubtype  caps    filetype ncmds sizeofcmds      flags
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      cmd LC_SEGMENT_64
  cmdsize 312
  segname __TEXT
   vmaddr 0x0000000000000000
   vmsize 0x0000000000001000
  fileoff 0
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    offset 1744
     align 2^4 (16)
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     flags 0x80000400
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Section
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      addr 0x0000000000000f5d
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    offset 3933
     align 2^0 (1)
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Section
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    offset 4012
     align 2^2 (4)
    reloff 0
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     flags 0x00000000
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Load command 1
      cmd LC_SEGMENT_64
  cmdsize 152
  segname __DATA
   vmaddr 0x0000000000001000
   vmsize 0x0000000000001000
  fileoff 4096
 filesize 4096
  maxprot 0x00000007
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   nsects 1
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Section
  sectname __got
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      addr 0x0000000000001000
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    offset 4096
     align 2^3 (8)
    reloff 0
    nreloc 0
     flags 0x00000006
 reserved1 0 (index into indirect symbol table)
 reserved2 0
Load command 2
      cmd LC_SEGMENT_64
  cmdsize 72
  segname __LINKEDIT
   vmaddr 0x0000000000002000
   vmsize 0x0000000000003000
  fileoff 8192
 filesize 8672
  maxprot 0x00000007
 initprot 0x00000001
   nsects 0
    flags 0x0
Load command 3
          cmd LC_ID_DYLIB
      cmdsize 48
         name @rpath/libmqic_r.dylib (offset 24)
   time stamp 1 Thu Jan  1 01:00:01 1970
      current version 0.0.0
compatibility version 0.0.0
Load command 4
            cmd LC_DYLD_INFO_ONLY
        cmdsize 48
     rebase_off 0
    rebase_size 0
       bind_off 8192
      bind_size 40
  weak_bind_off 0
 weak_bind_size 0
  lazy_bind_off 0
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     export_off 8232
    export_size 1008
Load command 5
     cmd LC_SYMTAB
 cmdsize 24
  symoff 9312
   nsyms 352
  stroff 14952
 strsize 1912
Load command 6
            cmd LC_DYSYMTAB
        cmdsize 80
      ilocalsym 0
      nlocalsym 281
     iextdefsym 281
     nextdefsym 68
      iundefsym 349
      nundefsym 3
         tocoff 0
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      modtaboff 0
        nmodtab 0
   extrefsymoff 0
    nextrefsyms 0
 indirectsymoff 14944
  nindirectsyms 2
      extreloff 0
        nextrel 0
      locreloff 0
        nlocrel 0
Load command 7
     cmd LC_UUID
 cmdsize 24
    uuid EDA21FCE-4BC7-39FC-A150-95D20DE313A6
Load command 8
      cmd LC_VERSION_MIN_MACOSX
  cmdsize 16
  version 10.13
      sdk 10.13
Load command 9
      cmd LC_SOURCE_VERSION
  cmdsize 16
  version 0.0
Load command 10
          cmd LC_LOAD_DYLIB
      cmdsize 48
         name @rpath/libmqe_r.dylib (offset 24)
   time stamp 2 Thu Jan  1 01:00:02 1970
      current version 0.0.0
compatibility version 0.0.0
Load command 11
          cmd LC_LOAD_DYLIB
      cmdsize 56
         name /usr/lib/libSystem.B.dylib (offset 24)
   time stamp 2 Thu Jan  1 01:00:02 1970
      current version 1252.50.4
compatibility version 1.0.0
Load command 12
      cmd LC_FUNCTION_STARTS
  cmdsize 16
  dataoff 9240
 datasize 72
Load command 13
      cmd LC_DATA_IN_CODE
  cmdsize 16
  dataoff 9312
 datasize 0

Answer 1

IBM已经发布了一组用于MQ的开发模式，其中包括Python - https://github.com/ibm-messaging/mq-dev-patterns

我的理解是，大多数(我猜不是C#)都是在mac上测试过的，因为它们有mac设置说明- https://github.com/ibm-messaging/mq-dev-patterns/tree/master/Python

我怀疑你失踪了-

通过编辑/etc/ PATH，将/IBM-MQ-Toolkit-Mac-x64-9.1.1.0/bin和/IBM-MQ-Toolkit-Mac-x64-9.1.1.0/samp/bin添加到路径中

导出DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH = /IBM-MQ-Toolkit-Mac-x64-9.1.1.0/lib64

如果这是您第一次在mac上进行任何编码，那么您可能会缺少一个C编译器。您将需要安装Xcode。