针对带保护功能的HP Nonstop Guardian的SSH脚本

Question

我们有一些perl脚本可以在带telnet的hp nonstop机器上的guardian os上做一些事情。现在，我们必须关闭telnet，并且必须使用ssh (comforte)与安全用户的连接。

我们尝试使用下面的perl代码进行连接，一切似乎都正常，但是shell没有保持打开状态。

use Net::SSH::Perl;
use Term::ReadKey;
my $host = "XX.XXX.XXX.XXX";
my $user = "safeguarduser";
my $pass = "";
my $ssh = Net::SSH::Perl->new($host, options => [
"Cipher +aes256-ctr", "MACs +hmac-sha2-256", "HostKeyAlgorithms +ssh-dss"], debug => 1);
$ssh->login($user, $pass);

调试日志显示：

p-066280682253: Reading configuration data C:\Users\User\.ssh\config
p-066280682253: Reading configuration data C:\WINDOWS\ssh_config
p-066280682253: Connecting to XX.XXX.XXX.XXX, port 22.
p-066280682253: Remote version string: SSH-2.0-1.37g sshlib: TXXXXH0X_14MAY2018_comForte_SSH2_0105a:\TXXXX.$SSH01
p-066280682253: Remote protocol version 2.0, remote software version 1.37g sshlib: TXXXXH0X_14MAY2018_comForte_SSH2_0105a:\TXXXX.$SSH01
p-066280682253: Net::SSH::Perl Version 2.14, protocol version 2.0.
p-066280682253: No compat match: 1.37g sshlib: TXXXXH0X_14MAY2018_comForte_SSH2_0105a:\TXXXX.$SSH01.
p-066280682253: Connection established.
p-066280682253: Sent key-exchange init (KEXINIT), waiting for response.
p-066280682253: Using diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha256 for key exchange
p-066280682253: Host key algorithm: ssh-dss
p-066280682253: Algorithms, c->s: aes256-ctr hmac-sha2-512 none
p-066280682253: Algorithms, s->c: aes256-ctr hmac-sha2-512 none
p-066280682253: Entering Diffie-Hellman Group Exchange.
p-066280682253: SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_REQUEST(2048<4096<8192) sent
p-066280682253: Sent DH Group Exchange request, waiting for reply.
p-066280682253: Received 2048 bit DH Group Exchange reply.
p-066280682253: Generating new Diffie-Hellman keys.
p-066280682253: Entering Diffie-Hellman key exchange.
p-066280682253: Sent DH public key, waiting for reply.
p-066280682253: Received host key, type 'ssh-dss'.
p-066280682253: Host 'XX.XXX.XXX.XXX' is known and matches the host key.
p-066280682253: Verifying server signature.
p-066280682253: Send NEWKEYS.
p-066280682253: Waiting for NEWKEYS message.
p-066280682253: Enabling encryption/MAC/compression.
p-066280682253: Sending request for user-authentication service.
p-066280682253: Service accepted: ssh-userauth.
p-066280682253: Trying empty user-authentication request.
p-066280682253: Login completed, opening dummy shell channel.
p-066280682253: channel 0: new [client-session]
p-066280682253: Requesting channel_open for channel 0.
p-066280682253: channel 0: open confirm rwindow 1048576 rmax 57344
p-066280682253: Got channel open confirmation, requesting shell.
p-066280682253: Requesting service shell on channel 0.

我们可以与Putty连接并工作。putty设置中的exec命令是"tacl“。使用plink时，它只在使用putty会话名称时有效。使用param和perl tacl时，我们会得到与-c脚本相同的错误，因为没有外壳。

(信息:客户端为Windows PC)

希望有人能帮助我们，我们已经尝试了很多。

谢谢你，致以最良好的问候

Answer 1

您能确切地解释一下在切换到SSH之前您是如何处理telnet会话的吗？我不假思索地认为，您可能最终选择了操作系统(NonStop的UNIX个性)，因为puTTY (可能还有plink)模拟了XTerm。如果在SSH协商期间指定的终端类型不是"TN6530-8“( NonStop守护终端仿真器)，NonStop SSH会自动将您放入OSS。

我刚刚尝试了plink (Windows10CMD提示符)，得到了这个，这是意料之中的：

C:\Users\andy\Downloads>plink -ssh -pw xxxxxxx andyw@nnn.nn.nnn.nn gtacl -c 'status *，user‘

使用键盘交互式身份验证。

上次登录时间:2018年12月3日05:37

最后一次失败尝试: 03 DEC 2018，05:31失败总数: 20

处理Pri PFR %WT用户WT程序文件Hometerm

$Z4YN B 0,119 146 001 8,1 $SYSTEM.SYS07.TACL $ZTN0.#PTB2NV5

$SSLS 0,504 148 001 8,1 $SYSTEM.SSLPRXY.SSLPRXY $ZPTY.#ZWN0517

$SSFS 0,749 148 001 8,1 $SYSTEM.SSLPRXY.SSLFTPS $ZPTY.#ZWN0517

$Z2TJ 2,74 149 005 8,1 $SYSTEM.SYS07.TACL $ZPTY.#ZWN0882

$Z5MZ 2,75 149 001 8,1 $SYSTEM.SYS07.TACL $ZPTY.#ZWN0886

$Z5NR 2,254 149 004 8,1 $SYSTEM.SYS07.TACL $ZHOME

        2,1019  148     001   8,1   $SYSTEM.SYS07.OSH          $ZPTY.#ZWN0886

     X  2,1098  148     004   8,1   /bin/ksh                   $ZPTY.#ZWN0886

$Z5NQ X 2,1139 149 001 8,1 /bin/gtacl $ZHOME

$Z4YN 3,9 146 001 8,1 $SYSTEM.SYS07.TACL $ZTN0.#PTB2NV5

$Z5MZ B 3,42 149 001 8,1 $SYSTEM.SYS07.TACL $ZPTY.#ZWN0886

$Z2TJ B 3,201 149 001 8,1 $SYSTEM.SYS07.TACL $ZPTY.#ZWN0882

$SSLS B 3,1014 148 001 8,1 $SYSTEM.SSLPRXY.SSLPRXY $ZPTY.#ZWN0517

$SSFS B 3,1018 148 001 8,1 $SYSTEM.SSLPRXY.SSLFTPS $ZPTY.#ZWN0517

$CAIL 3,1045 145 011 8,1 $SYSTEM.SYS07.TELSERV $ZTN0.#PTB2P0J

C:\Users\andy\Downloads>

Answer 2

我没有看到Perl代码要求使用TACL。

使用全新安装的Putty并且没有对其进行配置，我可以使用plink连接：

PS C:\Program Files\PuTTY> plink d.trump@10.0.0.173 tacl
Using keyboard-interactive authentication.
Password:
Using keyboard-interactive authentication.
Last Logon:  20 DEC 2018, 01:05
Last Unsuccessful Attempt: 06 DEC 2018, 03:40  Total Failures: 33
Last Logon Failures: 0
TACL (T9205H01 - 24AUG2018), Operating System L06, Release L18.08.01

<usual TACL startup output omitted>

(Invoking $DT.WHOUSE.TACLCSTM)
Current volume is $DT.WHOUSE
$DT WHOUSE 1>

在NonStop上的SSH审计文件中，我看到：

$SSH00|20Dec18 01:05:29.67|50|10.0.3.40:56431:10.0.0.173: accepted connection from client
$SSH00|20Dec18 01:05:29.68|50|10.0.3.40:56431:10.0.0.173: client version string: SSH-2.0-PuTTY_Release_0.70
$SSH00|20Dec18 01:05:30.75|50|10.0.3.40:56431:10.0.0.173: key-exchange done and server authentication by client successful.
$SSH00|20Dec18 01:05:30.75|40|10.0.3.40:56431:10.0.0.173: SSH session established. 
$SSH00|20Dec18 01:05:31.44|20|10.0.3.40:56431:10.0.0.173: gssapi-with-mic authentication failed: GSSAPI not available
$SSH00|20Dec18 01:05:36.81|40|10.0.3.40:56431:10.0.0.173: keyboard-interactive dialog successful for user 'd.trump', keyboard-interactive authentication successful
$SSH00|20Dec18 01:05:37.50|50|10.0.3.40:56431:10.0.0.173: channel exec request, launching /bin/sh -c param -c tacl 
$SSH00|20Dec18 01:05:37.63|50|10.0.3.40:56431:10.0.0.173: spawned program /bin/sh successfully (pid 520093761) 
$SSH00|20Dec18 01:05:37.67|50|10.0.3.40:56431:10.0.0.173: spawned program /bin/sh terminated with exit code 127
$SSH00|20Dec18 01:05:38.02|40|10.0.3.40:56431:10.0.0.173: SSH session terminated 
$SSH00|20Dec18 01:06:04.79|50|10.0.3.40:56440:10.0.0.173: accepted connection from client
$SSH00|20Dec18 01:06:04.80|50|10.0.3.40:56440:10.0.0.173: client version string: SSH-2.0-PuTTY_Release_0.70
$SSH00|20Dec18 01:06:05.87|50|10.0.3.40:56440:10.0.0.173: key-exchange done and server authentication by client successful.
$SSH00|20Dec18 01:06:05.87|40|10.0.3.40:56440:10.0.0.173: SSH session established. 
$SSH00|20Dec18 01:06:06.55|20|10.0.3.40:56440:10.0.0.173: gssapi-with-mic authentication failed: GSSAPI not available
$SSH00|20Dec18 01:06:10.92|40|10.0.3.40:56440:10.0.0.173: keyboard-interactive dialog successful for user 'd.trump', keyboard-interactive authentication successful
$SSH00|20Dec18 01:06:11.61|50|10.0.3.40:56440:10.0.0.173: channel request for subsystem tacl, launching \XXX.$SYSTEM.SYS03.TACL with process name '\XXX.$Z4ML' 
$SSH00|20Dec18 01:06:11.67|50|10.0.3.40:56440:10.0.0.173: launched program \XXX.$SYSTEM.SYS03.TACL successfully (\XXX.$Z4ML:3750193)

在SSH日志文件中，我看到：

$SSH00|20Dec18 01:06:06|10.0.3.40:56440:10.0.0.173: d.trump@10.0.3.40 authentication failed (method gssapi-with-mic): GSSAPI not available.
$SSH00|20Dec18 01:06:10|10.0.3.40:56440:10.0.0.173: d.trump@10.0.3.40 authentication granted (method keyboard-interactive): keyboard-interactive dialog successful. System user: d.trump 
$SSH00|20Dec18 01:06:11|10.0.3.40:56440:10.0.0.173: d.trump@10.0.3.40 subsystem tacl granted (process: \XXX.$Z4ML) 

尝试查看SSH日志文件，并将工作正常时发生的情况与不工作时发生的情况进行比较。记住，如果你真的被卡住了，你可以把这个传给TNSC。

Answer 3

在最终完成Perl安装来完成我想要做的事情之后，我想我理解了您所说的(我在输出方面也看到了同样的结果)，但是看起来好像没有什么问题。如果我在登录后添加一个命令，它可以工作。

use Net::SSH::Perl;
use Term::ReadKey;
my $host = "x.x.x.x";
my $user = "group.user";
my $pass = "secretsanta";
my $ssh = Net::SSH::Perl->new($host, options => [
"Cipher +aes256-ctr", "MACs +hmac-sha2-256", "HostKeyAlgorithms +ssh-dss"], debug => 1);
$ssh->login($user, $pass);

print "Enter a command to execute: [ls -l] ";
chomp(my $cmd = <STDIN>);

my($out, $err) = $ssh->cmd($cmd || "ls -l");
print $out;

日志：

dev-as: Requesting service shell on channel 0.
Enter a command to execute: [ls -l] ls -la
dev-as: channel 1: new [client-session]
dev-as: Requesting channel_open for channel 1.
dev-as: Entering interactive session.
dev-as: Requesting service exec on channel 1.
dev-as: channel 1: open confirm rwindow 1048576 rmax 57344
dev-as: input_channel_request: rtype exit-status reply 0
dev-as: channel 1: rcvd eof
dev-as: channel 1: output open -> drain
dev-as: channel 1: obuf empty
dev-as: channel 1: output drain -> closed
dev-as: channel 1: close_write
dev-as: channel 1: rcvd close
dev-as: channel 1: input open -> closed
dev-as: channel 1: close_read
dev-as: channel 1: send close
dev-as: channel 1: full closed
total 388615
-rw-rw-rw-    1 GROUP.USER            COMF      810000 Nov 21 23:07 test1