Rails Memoization on a有很多关系

Question

是否可以通过对包含has_many关联的SQL查询执行内存操作来缓存实例变量？在下面的两个示例方法中，some_instance方法将按照预期进行缓存，但some_other_instance将缓存Artist而不是歌曲关联，这将导致每次运行该方法时都会产生一个SQL查询。

似乎当方法返回"ActiveRecord::Associations::CollectionProxy“或"ActiveRecord::Relation”时，它不会完全缓存。

class Artist < ApplicationRecord
    has_many :artist_songs
    has_many :songs, through: :artist_songs

    def self.some_instance
        @some_instance ||= find(10)
    end

    def self.some_other_instance
        @some_other_instance ||= find(10).songs
    end
end

Answer 1

some_instance方法缓存find(10)方法的结果，该方法执行DB query并返回一条记录。

但是some_other_instance方法缓存的是关系对象，而不是DB查询的结果。实际上，如果您在像Artist.some_other_instance;这样的rails控制台中运行(注意，在的末尾是)，就不会有任何DB查询，因为您没有使用查询的结果。但是，当您只运行Artist.some_other_instance时，将会出现查询，因为结果是用来打印的。

因此，要真正缓存some_other_instance方法，您需要添加类似to_a的内容，例如：

def self.some_other_instance @some_other_instance ||= find(10).songs.to_a end

但在这种情况下，此方法将不是“可链接的”。

Answer 2

to_a提供了缓存关系的解决方案。

在下面的日志中，SQL查询耗时1883.4ms，构建视图耗时623.4ms。总时间是15053ms，这意味着在对象上添加to_a需要12546.2ms。如果我关闭to_a，总时间会降到2000ms左右。

构建对象需要这么长时间，这正常吗？

Started GET "/build" for 127.0.0.1 at 2018-10-14 16:35:30 -0700
Processing by ArtistsController#build as HTML
  Artist Load (208.4ms)  SELECT `artists`.`id`, `artists`.`name`, `artists`.`uri`, `artists`.`artwork_url`, updates.popularity, updates.created_at AS pop_created_at, reachupdates.reach, reachupdates.created_at AS reach_created_at FROM `artists` INNER JOIN `updates` ON `updates`.`artist_id` = `artists`.`id` INNER JOIN `reachupdates` ON `reachupdates`.`artist_id` = `artists`.`id` WHERE `artists`.`id` = 1
  Song Load (510.5ms)  SELECT songs.*, songupdates.* FROM `songs` INNER JOIN `artist_songs` ON `artist_songs`.`song_id` = `songs`.`id` INNER JOIN `artists` ON `artists`.`id` = `artist_songs`.`artist_id` INNER JOIN `songupdates` ON `songupdates`.`song_id` = `songs`.`id` WHERE `artists`.`id` = 1
  Playlist Load (1089.2ms)  SELECT playlists.*, playlistupdates.* FROM `playlists` INNER JOIN `playlist_songs` ON `playlist_songs`.`playlist_id` = `playlists`.`id` INNER JOIN `songs` ON `songs`.`id` = `playlist_songs`.`song_id` INNER JOIN `playlistupdates` ON `playlistupdates`.`playlist_id` = `playlists`.`id` LEFT OUTER JOIN `artist_songs` ON `artist_songs`.`song_id` = `songs`.`id` LEFT OUTER JOIN `artists` ON `artists`.`id` = `artist_songs`.`artist_id` WHERE `artists`.`id` = 1 AND `playlists`.`relevant` = 1 AND (playlistupdates.id IN (SELECT MAX(playlistupdates.id) AS id FROM playlistupdates GROUP BY playlistupdates.playlist_id)) ORDER BY `playlistupdates`.`followers` DESC
  Rendering artists/build.html.haml within layouts/application
  Rendered artists/build.html.haml within layouts/application (15.6ms)
  Rendered layouts/_head.html.haml (45.8ms)
  Rendered svg/_settings.html.erb (0.9ms)
  Rendered svg/_search.html.erb (0.4ms)
  Rendered layouts/_header_new.html.haml (73.3ms)
  Rendered shared/_autocomplete-box.html.haml (14.2ms)
Completed 200 OK in 15053ms (Views: 623.4ms | ActiveRecord: 1883.4ms)