ImportError:找不到库"GLU“

Question

在CentOS 7.5系统上，运行python3并执行以下代码：

import gym
import time
env = gym.make('CartPole-v0')
observation = env.reset()
count = 0
for t in range(100):
    action = env.action_space.sample()
    observation, reward, done, info = env.step(action)
    if done: 
        break
    env.render()
    count+=1
    time.sleep(0.2)

执行上述代码后报告以下错误：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 6, in <module>
  File "/root/gym/gym/core.py", line 284, in render
    return self.env.render(mode)
  File "/root/gym/gym/envs/classic_control/cartpole.py", line 106, in render
    from gym.envs.classic_control import rendering
  File "/root/gym/gym/envs/classic_control/rendering.py", line 25, in <module>
    reraise(prefix="Error occured while running `from pyglet.gl import *`",suffix="HINT: make sure you have OpenGL install. On Ubuntu, you can run 'apt-get install python-opengl'. If you're running on a server, you may need a virtual frame buffer; something like this should work: 'xvfb-run -s \"-screen 0 1400x900x24\" python <your_script.py>'")
  File "/root/gym/gym/utils/reraise.py", line 17, in reraise
    reraise_impl(e, traceback)
  File "/root/gym/gym/utils/reraise_impl_py3.py", line 4, in reraise_impl
    raise e.with_traceback(traceback) from None
  File "/root/gym/gym/envs/classic_control/rendering.py", line 23, in <module>
    from pyglet.gl import *
  File "/root/anaconda3/envs/gymlab/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pyglet/gl/__init__.py", line 100, in <module>
    from pyglet.gl.lib import GLException
  File "/root/anaconda3/envs/gymlab/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pyglet/gl/lib.py", line 143, in <module>
    from pyglet.gl.lib_glx import link_GL, link_GLU, link_GLX
  File "/root/anaconda3/envs/gymlab/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pyglet/gl/lib_glx.py", line 51, in <module>
    glu_lib = pyglet.lib.load_library('GLU')
  File "/root/anaconda3/envs/gymlab/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pyglet/lib.py", line 158, in load_library
    raise ImportError('Library "%s" not found.' % names[0])
gym.utils.reraise.ReraisedException: Error occured while running `from pyglet.gl import *`

最初的例外是：

ImportError: Library "GLU" not found.

HINT: make sure you have OpenGL install. On Ubuntu, you can run 'apt-get install python-opengl'. If you're running on a server, you may need a virtual frame buffer; something like this should work: 'xvfb-run -s "-screen 0 1400x900x24" python <your_script.py>'

根据错误提示，在安装OpenGL之后，运行的代码仍然会报告相同的错误。以下是安装OpenGL的过程：

[root@devmaster ~]# yum -y install python-opengl
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * base: mirrors.aliyun.com
 * extras: mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn
 * updates: ftp.iij.ad.jp
Package PyOpenGL-3.0.1-6.el7.noarch already installed and latest version
Nothing to do
[root@devmaster ~]#

Answer 1

对于遇到这个问题的人，解决方案是为您的操作系统发行版安装freeglut-devel包：

# apt systems - Ubuntu, Debian
apt install freeglut-devel
# yum - Centos
yum -y install freeglut-devel

Answer 2

对于带有Linux DietPi 4.19.97+ #1294 armv6l GNU/Linux的树莓派0：

sudo apt-get install freeglut3-dev

Answer 3

注意:对于那些游荡在Linux上找不到解决方案的人来说。首先，安装以下软件：

sudo apt install freeglut3-dev freeglut3 libgl1-mesa-dev libglu1-mesa-dev libxext-dev libxt-dev
sudo apt install python3-opengl libgl1-mesa-glx libglu1-mesa

其次，如果您使用的是PyCharm flatpak，请不要使用它。直接从网站下载。由于某种原因，执行flatpak版本中的python程序无法找到相关的OpenGL库(如前面提到的here)。