更新ruby后，bundler出现错误

Question

在将ruby版本从2.4.1更新到2.5.1之后，我遇到了一个很大的问题

首先，在更新后，我有一个错误，命令rails不再工作。因此，我将其删除并完全重新安装。在那之后，rails的新功能又开始工作了！但是现在，我遇到了与命令包完全相同的问题。你知道哪里出了问题吗？

Ignoring bcrypt-3.1.11 because its extensions are not built. Try: gem pristine bcrypt --version 3.1.11
Ignoring bigdecimal-1.3.2 because its extensions are not built. Try: gem pristine bigdecimal --version 1.3.2
Ignoring binding_of_caller-0.8.0 because its extensions are not built. Try: gem pristine binding_of_caller --version 0.8.0
Ignoring binding_of_caller-0.7.2 because its extensions are not built. Try: gem pristine binding_of_caller --version 0.7.2
Ignoring bson-4.3.0 because its extensions are not built. Try: gem pristine bson --version 4.3.0
Ignoring byebug-10.0.1 because its extensions are not built. Try: gem pristine byebug --version 10.0.1
Ignoring byebug-10.0.0 because its extensions are not built. Try: gem pristine byebug --version 10.0.0
Ignoring byebug-9.1.0 because its extensions are not built. Try: gem pristine byebug --version 9.1.0
Ignoring byebug-9.0.6 because its extensions are not built. Try: gem pristine byebug --version 9.0.6
Ignoring debug_inspector-0.0.3 because its extensions are not built. Try: gem pristine debug_inspector --version 0.0.3
Ignoring executable-hooks-1.3.2 because its extensions are not built. Try: gem pristine executable-hooks --version 1.3.2
Ignoring ffi-1.9.21 because its extensions are not built. Try: gem pristine ffi --version 1.9.21
Ignoring ffi-1.9.18 because its extensions are not built. Try: gem pristine ffi --version 1.9.18
Ignoring gem-wrappers-1.2.7 because its extensions are not built. Try: gem pristine gem-wrappers --version 1.2.7
Ignoring google-cloud-debugger-0.31.0 because its extensions are not built. Try: gem pristine google-cloud-debugger --version 0.31.0
Ignoring json-1.8.6 because its extensions are not built. Try: gem pristine json --version 1.8.6
Ignoring mini_racer-0.1.9 because its extensions are not built. Try: gem pristine mini_racer --version 0.1.9
Ignoring mysql2-0.5.1 because its extensions are not built. Try: gem pristine mysql2 --version 0.5.1
Ignoring mysql2-0.4.10 because its extensions are not built. Try: gem pristine mysql2 --version 0.4.10
Ignoring nio4r-2.3.0 because its extensions are not built. Try: gem pristine nio4r --version 2.3.0
Ignoring nio4r-2.2.0 because its extensions are not built. Try: gem pristine nio4r --version 2.2.0
Ignoring nio4r-2.1.0 because its extensions are not built. Try: gem pristine nio4r --version 2.1.0
Ignoring nio4r-2.0.0 because its extensions are not built. Try: gem pristine nio4r --version 2.0.0
Ignoring nokogiri-1.8.1 because its extensions are not built. Try: gem pristine nokogiri --version 1.8.1
Ignoring nokogiri-1.8.0 because its extensions are not built. Try: gem pristine nokogiri --version 1.8.0
Ignoring nokogiri-1.7.2 because its extensions are not built. Try: gem pristine nokogiri --version 1.7.2
Ignoring pg-0.21.0 because its extensions are not built. Try: gem pristine pg --version 0.21.0
Ignoring psych-2.2.4 because its extensions are not built. Try: gem pristine psych --version 2.2.4
Ignoring puma-3.11.3 because its extensions are not built. Try: gem pristine puma --version 3.11.3
Ignoring puma-3.11.2 because its extensions are not built. Try: gem pristine puma --version 3.11.2
Ignoring puma-3.11.0 because its extensions are not built. Try: gem pristine puma --version 3.11.0
Ignoring puma-3.10.0 because its extensions are not built. Try: gem pristine puma --version 3.10.0
Ignoring puma-3.9.1 because its extensions are not built. Try: gem pristine puma --version 3.9.1
Ignoring puma-3.9.0 because its extensions are not built. Try: gem pristine puma --version 3.9.0
Ignoring puma-3.8.2 because its extensions are not built. Try: gem pristine puma --version 3.8.2
Ignoring rainbow-2.2.2 because its extensions are not built. Try: gem pristine rainbow --version 2.2.2
Ignoring rinku-2.0.4 because its extensions are not built. Try: gem pristine rinku --version 2.0.4
Ignoring sqlite3-1.3.13 because its extensions are not built. Try: gem pristine sqlite3 --version 1.3.13
Ignoring websocket-driver-0.6.5 because its extensions are not built. Try: gem pristine websocket-driver --version 0.6.5
Your Ruby version is 2.5.1, but your Gemfile specified 2.4.1

最后一行说我必须用ruby 2.5.1更新gemfile，但是当我执行ruby -v时，响应是ruby 2.4.1。如果我改变它，命令rails s就不会运行。

我也尝试过：

gem pristine --all

但是它给了我一个新的错误：

ERROR:  While executing gem ... (Errno::EACCES)
    Permission denied @ rb_sysopen - /Users/Mesnet/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.4.1/lib/ruby/gems/2.4.0/gems/actionpack-5.1.1/CHANGELOG.md

所以我现在真的处于一个困难的境地。正因为如此，我不能在工作中做任何事情。任何想法都会很棒!！

Answer 1

要运行gem pristine --all，您必须是根用户，所以只需运行

sudo gem pristine --all

这应该可以解决这个问题。如果不是这样，那么如果您正在使用rvm，那么您可能也会遇到问题。所以也要这样做：

rvm get stable
rvm reload

Answer 2

你可以安装RVM(Ruby Version Machine)并使用你想要的所有版本的ruby。用于Ubuntu的命令

gpg --keyserver hkp://keys.gnupg.net --recv-keys 409B6B1796C275462A1703113804BB82D39DC0E3
\curl -sSL https://get.rvm.io | bash -s stable
rvm install 2.5.1
rvm use 2.5.1