如何在Spring5中创建MockMvc和WebDriver

Question

我编写了以下简单的测试用例来测试MockMvc和WebDriver：

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@WebAppConfiguration("/src/main/resources")
@ContextConfiguration(classes = {MvcConfig.class})
public class exampleTests {

    @Autowired
    private WebApplicationContext context;

    private MockMvc mvc;
    private WebDriver driver;

    @Before
    public void setup() {
        this.mvc = MockMvcBuilders.webAppContextSetup(this.context).build();
        this.driver = MockMvcHtmlUnitDriverBuilder.webAppContextSetup(this.context).build();
    }

    @Test
    public void mvcTest() throws Exception {
        mvc.perform(get("/")).andExpect(status().isOk());
    }

    @Test
    public void driverTest() {
        this.driver.get("http://localhost:8080/");
        assertEquals("Please log in", this.driver.findElement(By.xpath("/html/body/form/h1")).getText());
    }

}

如果我执行它，我会得到由MockMvcHtmlUnitBuilder在之前的方法中抛出的java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/openqa/selenium/remote/SessionNotFoundException。如果我删除抛出错误和驱动程序测试的行，mvcTest不会成功，因为它得到的是404而不是200。

因此，我做的下一件事是删除@WebAppConfiguration("/src/main/resources")和@ContextConfiguration(classes = {MvcConfig.class})注释，并添加@SpringBootTest(classes = Application.class)注释。现在mvcTest可以工作了，但是如果我再次添加驱动程序的代码，它仍然会抛出SessionNotFoundException。

所以我的问题是，如何在Spring5中正确地创建MockMvc和WebDriver？

Answer 1

我找到了解决我的问题的办法。它在Spring文档中提到您必须安装org.seleniumhq.selenium:selenium-htmlunit-driver依赖项。最新版本是2.52.0。我现在所做的是添加相同版本的远程驱动程序：

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.seleniumhq.selenium</groupId>
        <artifactId>selenium-htmlunit-driver</artifactId>
        <version>2.52.0</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.seleniumhq.selenium</groupId>
        <artifactId>selenium-remote-driver</artifactId>
        <version>2.52.0</version>
    </dependency>

我还使用了@SpringBootTest注释，所以我的最终测试类锁定如下：

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = Application.class)
public class exampleTests {

    @Autowired
    private WebApplicationContext context;

    private MockMvc mvc;
    private WebClient webClient;
    private WebDriver driver;

    @Before
    public void setup() {
        this.mvc = MockMvcBuilders.webAppContextSetup(this.context).build();
        this.webClient = MockMvcWebClientBuilder.webAppContextSetup(context, springSecurity()).build();
        this.driver = MockMvcHtmlUnitDriverBuilder.webAppContextSetup(this.context, springSecurity()).build();
    }

    @Test
    public void mvcTest() throws Exception {
        mvc.perform(get("/login"))
            .andExpect(status().isOk())
            .andExpect(content().string(containsString("Please log in")));
    }

    @Test
    public void clientTest() throws FailingHttpStatusCodeException, MalformedURLException, IOException {
        HtmlPage loginPage = webClient.getPage("http://localhost:8080/app/");
        List<DomElement> pageList = loginPage.getElementsByTagName("h1");
        DomElement page = pageList.get(0);
        String text = page.getTextContent();
        assertThat(text).isEqualTo("Please log in");
    }

    @Test
    public void driverTest() {
        driver.get("http://localhost:8080/app/");
        assertEquals("Please log in",driver.findElement(By.xpath("/html/body/form/h1")).getText());
    }
}

Answer 2

使用当前的Spring Boot和Spring Boot Test版本，您只需执行以下操作：

@SpringBootTest
@AutoConfigureMockMvc
public class MyApplicationTests {
    
    @Autowired
    private WebApplicationContext context;
    
    @Autowired
    private MockMvc mockMvc;
    
    @Autowired
    private WebDriver driver;
    
    @Test
    void contextLoads() {
    }
    
    @Test
    public void shouldReturnDefaultMessage() throws Exception {
        this.driver.get("http://localhost:8080/app/");
        assertEquals("Please log in",driver.findElement(By.xpath("/html/body/form/h1")).getText());
        
        or
        
        this.mockMvc.perform(get("/app")).andDo(print()).andExpect(status().isOk())
                .andExpect(content().string("true"));
    }
}