处理BufRead自动命令时检测到unix vim错误

Question

我是一个新的vim用户，遵循这个指南，让vim自动缩进python代码并标记不必要的空格：https://realpython.com/blog/python/vim-and-python-a-match-made-in-heaven/#vim-extensions。

我遇到的问题是在.py文件上启动vim时收到这个错误：Error detected while processing BufRead Auto commands for "*.py": E28: No such highlight group name: BadWhitespace

这个错误我注释掉了以下几行：

" Flag unnecessary whitespace                                           
au BufRead,BufNewFile *.py,*.pyw,*.c,*.h match BadWhitespace /\s\+$/   <- this line   

" UTF8 Support                                                          
set encoding=utf-8                                                      
" Proper PEP8 Identation                                                
au BufNewFile,BufRead *.py                                              
    \ set tabstop=4                                                     
"    \ set softtabstop=4      <-- this line                                          
    \ set shiftwidth=4                                                  
    \ set textwidth=79                                                  
    \ set expandtab                                                     
    \ set autoindent                                                    
    \ set fileformat=unix         

如何修复此错误？这是我的完整.vimrc文件：

set nocompatible              " required
filetype off                  " required

" set the runtime path to include Vundle and initialize
set rtp+=/home/frank/.vim/bundle/Vundle.vim
call vundle#begin()

" alternatively, pass a path where Vundle should install plugins
"call vundle#begin('~/some/path/here')

" let Vundle manage Vundle, required
Plugin 'gmarik/Vundle.vim'

" add all your plugins here (note older versions of Vundle
" used Bundle instead of Plugin)
Plugin 'tmhedberg/SimpylFold'
Plugin 'vim-scripts/indentpython.vim'
Bundle 'Valloric/YouCompleteMe'
Plugin 'vim-syntastic/syntastic'
Plugin 'nvie/vim-flake8'
Plugin 'jnurmine/Zenburn'
Plugin 'altercation/vim-colors-solarized'
Plugin 'scrooloose/nerdtree'
Plugin 'jistr/vim-nerdtree-tabs'
Plugin 'kien/ctrlp.vim'
Plugin 'tpope/vim-fugitive'
Plugin 'Lokaltog/powerline', {'rtp': 'powerline/bindings/vim/'}
" ...

" All of your Plugins must be added before the following line
call vundle#end()            " required
filetype plugin indent on    " required

" Split navigations
nnoremap <C-J> <C-W><C-J>
nnoremap <C-K> <C-W><C-K>
nnoremap <C-L> <C-W><C-L>
nnoremap <C-H> <C-W><C-H>

" Enable folding
set foldmethod=indent
set foldlevel=99
" Enable folding with the spacebar
nnoremap <space> za
" See docstrings for folded code
let g:SimpylFold_docstring_preview=1

" Flag unnecessary whitespace
au BufRead,BufNewFile *.py,*.pyw,*.c,*.h match BadWhitespace /\s\+$/      <-this line

" UTF8 Support
set encoding=utf-8
" Proper PEP8 Identation        <-this line
au BufNewFile,BufRead *.py
    \ set tabstop=4
"    \ set softtabstop=4 
    \ set shiftwidth=4
    \ set textwidth=79
    \ set expandtab
    \ set autoindent
    \ set fileformat=unix

" For Full stack development 'au' command
"au BufNewFile,BufRead *.js, *.html, *.css
"    \ set tabstop=2
"    \ set softtabstop=2
"    \ set shiftwidth=2

" YouCompleteMe plugin customization
let g:ycm_autoclose_preview_window_after_completion=1
map <leader>g  :YcmCompleter GoToDefinitionElseDeclaration<CR>

"python with virtualenv support
py << EOF
import os
import sys
if 'VIRTUAL_ENV' in os.environ:
  project_base_dir = os.environ['VIRTUAL_ENV']
  activate_this = os.path.join(project_base_dir, 'bin/activate_this.py')
  execfile(activate_this, dict(__file__=activate_this))
EOF

" Makes python code pretty
let python_highlight_all=1
syntax on

" Adds a bit of logic to define which color scheme to use based upon VIM mode
if has('gui_running')
  set background=dark
  colorscheme solarized
else
  colorscheme zenburn
endif

" Press F5 to toggle between dark and light theme
call togglebg#map("<F5>")

" Hybrid line numbers
:set number relativenumber
:augroup numbertoggle
:  autocmd!
:  autocmd BufEnter,FocusGained,InsertLeave * set relativenumber
:  autocmd BufLeave,FocusLost,InsertEnter   * set norelativenumber
:augroup END

set pastetoggle=<F10>

Answer 1

有一个更简单的解决方案。你看，我遇到了同样的问题，在这个小技巧之后，没有错误消息，一切都像它应该的那样工作。

诀窍是，BufNewFile，BufRead应该用空格隔开。所以这条线应该看起来像这样

au BufNewFile, BufRead *.py

而不是au BufNewFile,BufRead *.py最好的问候

Answer 2

命令：

match BadWhitespace /\s\+$/

如果定义了BadWhitespace突出显示组，则将突出显示尾部空白。要检查它是否已定义，请执行:highlight BadWhitespace。如果未定义，则可以使用默认高亮显示组，例如：

match Cursor /\s\+$/

或者定义一个BadWhitespace加亮组。可能的颜色组合是：

:highlight BadWhitespace ctermfg=16 ctermbg=253 guifg=#000000 guibg=#F8F8F0

将此行代码添加到使用BadWhitespace的autocmd之前。

Answer 3

问题出在多个set。下面这行中的第一个set：

\ set tabstop=4

是命令，并且所有后面的set都被视为参数。

它应该看起来像这样：

au BufNewFile,BufRead *.py
    \ set tabstop=4
    \ softtabstop=4
    \ shiftwidth=4
    \ textwidth=79
    \ expandtab
    \ autoindent
    \ fileformat=unix