如何通过maven-failsafe-plugin运行基于spring-boot的应用程序的集成测试？

Question

我有一个基于spring-boot的应用程序，pom.xml文件配置如下。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.example</groupId>
    <artifactId>demo</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <packaging>jar</packaging>

    <name>demo</name>
    <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>1.5.7.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>

    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <configuration>
                    <classifier>exec</classifier>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-failsafe-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>2.20.1</version>
                <configuration>
                    <includes>
                        <include>**/IT*.java</include>
                        <include>**/*IT.java</include>
                        <include>**/*ITCase.java</include>
                    </includes>
                </configuration>
                <executions>
                    <execution>
                        <goals>
                            <goal>integration-test</goal>
                            <goal>verify</goal>
                        </goals>
                    </execution>
                </executions>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>


</project>

位于类DemoApplication中的main方法如下所示

package com.example.demo;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

@SpringBootApplication
public class DemoApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        System.out.println("This is a demo application+++++++++++++++++++");
        SpringApplication.run(DemoApplication.class, args);
    }
}

我的集成测试类称为DemoIT，如下所示。

package com.example.demo;

import org.junit.Test;

public class DemoIT {

    @Test
    public void test() {
        System.out.println("This is a integration test.==============");
    }
}

现在是我的问题，当我发出mvn clean verify命令时，应该执行集成类DemoIT，它确实执行了。但是，我的DemoApplication没有运行。所以我想知道，如果我的集成测试需要在spring-boot应用程序上下文中执行( DemoApplication需要运行)，我应该做些什么才能实现它？

Answer 1

由于我的应用程序基于 Spring - Boot ，而spring-boot-maven-plugin包含在pom.xml中，所以我需要做的是添加以下配置，以确保Spring Boot应用程序的生命周期得到很好的管理。

<executions>
  <execution>
    <id>pre-integration-test</id>
    <goals>
      <goal>start</goal>
    </goals>
  </execution>
  <execution>
    <id>post-integration-test</id>
    <goals>
      <goal>stop</goal>
    </goals>
  </execution>
</executions>

然后，当我发出mvn clean verify命令时，spring boot应用程序将与我们的集成测试代码一起运行。

Answer 2

用于的Here is a document

Spring Boot Maven插件

最后发布时间: 2021-01-22|版本: 2.5.x

上面写着

虽然您可以很容易地从测试(或测试套件)本身启动Spring Boot应用程序，但最好在构建本身中处理这一点。为了确保Spring Boot应用程序的生命周期在集成测试期间得到正确管理，您可以使用如下所述的启动和停止目标：

<build>
  ...
  <plugins>
    ...
    <plugin>
      <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
      <version>2.0.2.RELEASE</version>
      <executions>
        <execution>
          <id>pre-integration-test</id>
          <goals>
            <goal>start</goal>
          </goals>
        </execution>
        <execution>
          <id>post-integration-test</id>
          <goals>
            <goal>stop</goal>
          </goals>
        </execution>
      </executions>
    </plugin>
    ...
  </plugins>
  ...
</build>

对于不熟悉集成测试的人，我发现this answer也很有帮助。