我已经在Windows上创建了一个ping实用程序。我使用的是带有ICMP协议的原始套接字。我是我的计算机的本地管理员。
因为有很多代码,我不想在这里粘贴它,但我找到了一个与我的winsock2advancedrawsocket11bhttp://www.winsocketdotnetworkprogramming.com/winsock2programming/winsock2advancedrawsocket11b.html非常相似的示例
我下载它,测试我得出结论,它有和我一样的问题。当TTL过期(在IP报头中)时,我没有收到响应。我以为使用原始套接字可以让我读到它?
假设我想在ping上强制执行"ttl expired“,所以我向"google.com”发送了一个ttl为2的ping。
ping -i 2 -n 1 google.com这给了我以下结果
Reply from 204.80.6.137: TTL expired in transit.
Reply from 204.80.6.137: TTL expired in transit.使用我的应用程序,我发送相同的ping请求,并查看我在Wireshark中收到的内容。我收到一个ICMP数据包发送到google,另一个数据包来自我的路由器,告诉我TTL已过期。那么,为什么Windows上的原始套接字也没有接收到此消息呢?是否有强制读取ip报头的选项,即使TTL已过期?
所以我假设Windows的ping.exe实用程序过滤数据包比我们用Winsock API做的更好/不同?
作为参考,这是如何创建套接字的:
#include <winsock2.h>
#include <ws2tcpip.h>
#include <mstcpip.h>
#include <windows.h>
#include <stdint.h>
#include <vector>
#include <algorithm>
struct IPV4_HDR
{
unsigned char ip_header_len : 4;
unsigned char ip_version : 4;
unsigned char ip_tos;
unsigned short ip_total_length;
unsigned short ip_id;
unsigned char ip_frag_offset : 5;
unsigned char ip_more_fragment : 1;
unsigned char ip_dont_fragment : 1;
unsigned char ip_reserved_zero : 1;
unsigned char ip_frag_offset1;
unsigned char ip_ttl;
unsigned char ip_protocol;
unsigned short ip_checksum;
unsigned int ip_srcaddr;
unsigned int ip_destaddr;
};
struct ICMP_HDR
{
BYTE type;
BYTE code;
USHORT checksum;
USHORT id;
USHORT seq;
};
unsigned short compute_checksum(unsigned short* buffer, int size)
{
unsigned long cksum = 0;
while (size > 1)
{
cksum += *buffer++;
size -= sizeof(unsigned short);
}
if (size)
{
cksum += *(char*)buffer;
}
cksum = (cksum >> 16) + (cksum & 0xffff);
cksum += (cksum >> 16);
return (unsigned short)(~cksum);
}
void send_receive_ping(SOCKET icmp_sock)
{
std::vector<char> receive_buffer;
receive_buffer.resize(65536);
std::fill(receive_buffer.begin(), receive_buffer.end(), 0);
char *Buffer = receive_buffer.data();
int recv_bytes = 0;
DWORD start_time = GetTickCount();
bool first_time_in_loop = true;
do
{
if ( (first_time_in_loop == true
|| GetTickCount() - start_time > 5000))
{
OutputDebugString(L"Sending an ICMP packet....\n");
send_icmp_packet(icmp_sock);
first_time_in_loop = false;
start_time = GetTickCount();
}
recv_bytes = recvfrom(icmp_sock, Buffer, 65536, 0, 0, 0);
if (recv_bytes > 0)
{
// Handle received packet
}
else
{
break;
}
} while (recv_bytes > 0);
}
void send_icmp_packet(SOCKET icmp_sock)
{
sockaddr_in sockaddr_in_dst = {};
sockaddr_in_dst.sin_family = AF_INET;
sockaddr_in_dst.sin_port = 0;
sockaddr_in_dst.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr("184.150.168.247"); // google.com
std::vector<char> send_buffer;
send_buffer.resize(sizeof(IPV4_HDR) + sizeof(ICMP_HDR));
std::fill(send_buffer.begin(), send_buffer.end(), 0);
IPV4_HDR *ipv4_header = (IPV4_HDR *)send_buffer.data();
ipv4_header->ip_header_len = 5;
ipv4_header->ip_version = 4;
ipv4_header->ip_tos = 16;
ipv4_header->ip_total_length = htons( send_buffer.size() );
ipv4_header->ip_id = htons(0);
ipv4_header->ip_ttl = 64;
//ipv4_header->ip_ttl = 2;
ipv4_header->ip_protocol = IPPROTO_ICMP;
ipv4_header->ip_srcaddr = dest.sin_addr.s_addr;
ipv4_header->ip_destaddr = sockaddr_in_dst.sin_addr.s_addr;
ipv4_header->ip_checksum = compute_checksum((unsigned short *)ipv4_header, sizeof(IPV4_HDR));
static unsigned short seq = 0;
ICMP_HDR *icmp_header = (ICMP_HDR *)(send_buffer.data() + sizeof(IPV4_HDR));
icmp_header->type = 8;
icmp_header->seq = seq++;
icmp_header->id = 888;
icmp_header->checksum = compute_checksum((unsigned short *)icmp_header, sizeof(ICMP_HDR));
ret = sendto(icmp_sock, (char *)send_buffer.data(), send_buffer.size(),
0, (sockaddr *)&sockaddr_in_dst, sizeof(sockaddr_in_dst));
}
int main()
{
WSADATA ws;
WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2, 2), &ws);
SOCKET icmp_sock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_RAW, IPPROTO_IP);
char hostname[256];
gethostname(hostname, sizeof(hostname));
hostent *local = gethostbyname(hostname);
sockaddr_in source;
memset(&source, 0, sizeof(source));
memcpy(&source.sin_addr.s_addr, local->h_addr_list[0], sizeof(source.sin_addr.s_addr));
source.sin_family = AF_INET;
source.sin_port = 0;
bind(icmp_sock, (sockaddr *)&source, sizeof(source));
int recv_all_opt = 1;
int ioctl_read = 0;
WSAIoctl(icmp_sock, SIO_RCVALL, &recv_all_opt, sizeof(recv_all_opt), 0, 0, (LPDWORD)&ioctl_read, 0, 0);
int ip_header_include = 1;
setsockopt(icmp_sock, IPPROTO_IP, IP_HDRINCL, (char *)&ip_header_include, sizeof(ip_header_include));
send_receive_ping(icmp_sock);
closesocket(icmp_sock);
WSACleanup();
return 0;
} 上面的代码似乎工作得很好,但我仍然无法从IP消息中获取过期的TLL。这就像是操作系统偷走了包。我打赌是因为我请求读取ICMP报文,而TLL在IP报头中。因此,如果IP报头有问题,那么操作系统将丢弃该消息,并且我的套接字无法读取它。因此,我尝试使用套接字IPPROTO_IP:
sock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_RAW, IPPROTO_IP);我仍然没有收到TTL过期消息,最糟糕的是我有时会丢失数据包。我在Wireshark看到了它们,但我不能把它们放在我的插座上。有人知道为什么吗?
发布于 2019-05-20 00:58:12
这看起来就像你所怀疑的那样,Windows正在转移超出TTL的响应,并且它们不会到达原始套接字。我也遇到了同样的问题,到目前为止,我找到的最好的解释是this discussion of porting the MTR traceroute-style utility to Windows。
真正可悲的是,早在2012-2013年,当我第一次在Windows环境中使用原始套接字时,它就已经可以在Windows 7上工作了。几年过去了,突然之间,同一台机器上的相同代码不再接收TTL超出的消息。
根据您的应用程序,您可以通过直接调用ICMP.DLL来解决此问题,如上面的链接所述。这段代码from the P2PScrapper project可能是一个很好的起点。
发布于 2020-04-11 14:04:10
你应该在windows防火墙中简单地允许ICMP。创建入站规则,在协议中选择ICMP并设置'allow‘。
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/43239862
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