为什么我的Pom文件在添加Cucumber：'cucumber-spring‘和'cucumber-guice’时不起作用？

Question

为什么我的Pom文件在添加Cucumber：'cucumber-spring‘和'cucumber-guice’时不起作用？

我的Cucumber项目设置使用以下依赖项：

<build>
    <pluginManagement>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>3.1</version>
                <configuration>
                    <source>1.8</source>
                    <target>1.8</target>
                    <fork>true</fork>
                    <!--<executable>C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_121\bin\javac.exe</executable> -->
                    <executable>${env.JAVA_HOME}\bin\javac.exe</executable>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.codehaus.mojo</groupId>
                <artifactId>exec-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <configuration>
                    <mainClass>Framework.utilities.SendEmailFile</mainClass>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>

            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>2.19.1</version>
                <!-- <configuration> <suiteXmlFiles> <suiteXmlFile>ncc.xml</suiteXmlFile> 
                    </suiteXmlFiles> <testErrorIgnore>false</testErrorIgnore> <testFailureIgnore>false</testFailureIgnore> 
                    </configuration> -->
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </pluginManagement>
</build>

<dependencies>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>junit</groupId>
        <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
        <version>4.12</version>
        <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>info.cukes</groupId>
        <artifactId>cucumber-java</artifactId>
        <version>1.2.5</version>
        <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>info.cukes</groupId>
        <artifactId>cucumber-jvm</artifactId>
        <version>1.2.5</version>
        <type>pom</type>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>info.cukes</groupId>
        <artifactId>cucumber-junit</artifactId>
        <version>1.2.5</version>
        <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>info.cukes</groupId>
        <artifactId>cucumber-core</artifactId>
        <version>1.2.5</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>info.cukes</groupId>
        <artifactId>cucumber-html</artifactId>
        <version>0.2.3</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>info.cukes</groupId>
        <artifactId>cucumber-java</artifactId>
        <version>1.2.5</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>info.cukes</groupId>
        <artifactId>cucumber-jvm-deps</artifactId>
        <version>1.0.5</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>info.cukes</groupId>
        <artifactId>gherkin</artifactId>
        <version>2.12.2</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.hamcrest</groupId>
        <artifactId>hamcrest-all</artifactId>
        <version>1.3</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>info.cukes</groupId>
        <artifactId>cucumber-picocontainer</artifactId>
        <version>1.2.5</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>info.cukes</groupId>
        <artifactId>cucumber-testng</artifactId>
        <version>1.2.5</version>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

添加以下依赖项会使我的项目停止工作：

    <dependency>
        <groupId>info.cukes</groupId>
        <artifactId>cucumber-spring</artifactId>
        <version>1.2.5</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>info.cukes</groupId>
        <artifactId>cucumber-guice</artifactId>
        <version>1.2.5</version>
    </dependency>

有什么想法吗？

Answer 1

这是依赖版本问题，您应该尝试cucumber-spring的较低版本。使用1.2.4版本或更低版本...并更新maven项目。

<dependency>
    <groupId>info.cukes</groupId>
    <artifactId>cucumber-spring</artifactId>
    <version>1.2.4</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
    <groupId>info.cukes</groupId>
    <artifactId>cucumber-guice</artifactId>
    <version>1.2.4</version>
</dependency>

Answer 2

Cucumber为DI框架提供了一种称为cucumber.api.java.ObjectFactory的扩展机制。

如果您查看关联的加载器方法cucumber.runtime.java.ObjectFactoryLoader#loadObjectFactory的代码，您将看到它调用了cucumber.runtime.Reflections#instantiateExactlyOneSubclass，这将抛出TooManyInstancesException或NoInstancesException。

很明显，它需要零个或一个公共类来实现 ObjectFactory并位于包cucumber.runtime中。

• 默认设置为cucumber.runtime.java.DefaultJavaObjectFactory，只有在抛出NoInstancesException时才会加载(扫描时找不到，因为它是protected)
• cucumber-spring附带的cucumber.runtime.java.spring.SpringFactory
• etc.

包

在您的例子中，您必须在可用实例(none/default、Picocontainer、Spring、Guice)中选择一个来实例化stepdefs类。