抓取:嵌套的url数据抓取

Question

我有一个网站名为https://www.grohe.com/in在那个页面上，我想得到一个类型的浴室水龙头https://www.grohe.com/in/25796/bathroom/bathroom-faucets/grandera/在那个页面上有多个产品/相关产品。我想得到每个产品的网址和废弃的data.For，我写这样…

我的items.py文件如下所示

from scrapy.item import Item, Field

class ScrapytestprojectItem(Item):
    producturl=Field()
    imageurl=Field()
    description=Field()

爬虫代码是

import scrapy
from ScrapyTestProject.items import ScrapytestprojectItem
class QuotesSpider(scrapy.Spider):
    name = "nestedurl"
    allowed_domains = ['www.grohe.com']
    start_urls = [
    'https://www.grohe.com/in/7780/bathroom/bathroom-faucets/essence/',
    ]

    def parse(self, response):
    for divs in response.css('div.viewport div.workspace div.float-box'):
        item = {'producturl': divs.css('a::attr(href)').extract(),
                'imageurl': divs.css('a img::attr(src)').extract(),
                'description' : divs.css('a div.text::text').extract() + divs.css('a span.nowrap::text').extract()}
        next_page = response.urljoin(item['producturl'])
        yield scrapy.Request(next_page, callback=self.parse, meta={'item': item})

当我运行抓取**抓取嵌套-o nestedurl.csv **时，创建了一个空文件。控制台是

2017-02-15 18:03:11 [scrapy] DEBUG: Telnet console listening on    127.0.0.1:6024
2017-02-15 18:03:13 [scrapy] DEBUG: Crawled (200) <GET  https://www.grohe.com/in/7780/bathroom/bathroom-faucets/essence/>  (referer: None)
2017-02-15 18:03:13 [scrapy] ERROR: Spider error processing <GET   https://www.grohe.com/in/7780/bathroom/bathroom-faucets/essence/>   (referer: None)
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/scrapy/utils/defer.py", line 102, in iter_errback
yield next(it)
         File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-        packages/scrapy/spidermiddlewares/offsite.py", line 28, in     process_spider_output
     for x in result:
       File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-    packages/scrapy/spidermiddlewares/referer.py", line 22, in <genexpr>
      return (_set_referer(r) for r in result or ())
       File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-     packages/scrapy/spidermiddlewares/urllength.py", line 37, in <genexpr>
        return (r for r in result or () if _filter(r))
      File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-  packages/scrapy/spidermiddlewares/depth.py", line 54, in <genexpr>
   return (r for r in result or () if _filter(r))
 File    "/home/pradeep/ScrapyTestProject/ScrapyTestProject/spiders/nestedurl.py",    line 15, in parse
   next_page = response.urljoin(item['producturl'])
      File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/scrapy/http/response/text.py",    line 72, in urljoin
   return urljoin(get_base_url(self), url)
      File "/usr/lib/python2.7/urlparse.py", line 261, in urljoin
   urlparse(url, bscheme, allow_fragments)
     File "/usr/lib/python2.7/urlparse.py", line 143, in urlparse
  tuple = urlsplit(url, scheme, allow_fragments)
     File "/usr/lib/python2.7/urlparse.py", line 176, in urlsplit
     cached = _parse_cache.get(key, None)
    TypeError: unhashable type: 'list'
    2017-02-15 18:03:13 [scrapy] INFO: Closing spider (finished)
   2017-02-15 18:03:13 [scrapy] INFO: Dumping Scrapy stats:
          {'downloader/request_bytes': 253,
          'downloader/request_count': 1,
       'downloader/request_method_count/GET': 1,
          'downloader/response_bytes': 31063,
     'downloader/response_count': 1,
        'downloader/response_status_count/200': 1,
            'finish_reason': 'finished',
        'finish_time': datetime.datetime(2017, 2, 15, 12, 33, 13, 396542),
        'log_count/DEBUG': 3,
          'log_count/ERROR': 3,
          'log_count/INFO': 7,
          'response_received_count': 1,
       'scheduler/dequeued': 1,
         'scheduler/dequeued/memory': 1,
          'scheduler/enqueued': 1,
          'scheduler/enqueued/memory': 1,
          'spider_exceptions/TypeError': 1,
           'start_time': datetime.datetime(2017, 2, 15, 12, 33, 11, 568424)}
          2017-02-15 18:03:13 [scrapy] INFO: Spider closed (finished)

Answer 1

我认为项divs.css('a::attr(href)').extract()有时会返回一个列表，当它在urljoin引线中使用时，这会导致urlparse崩溃，因为它不能散列列表。

Answer 2

未正确生成URL。

您应该启用日志记录，并记录一些消息以调试代码。

import scrapy, logging
from ScrapyTestProject.items import ScrapytestprojectItem
class QuotesSpider(scrapy.Spider):
    name = "nestedurl"
    allowed_domains = ['www.grohe.com']
    start_urls = [
    'https://www.grohe.com/in/7780/bathroom/bathroom-faucets/essence/',
    ]

    def parse(self, response):
    for divs in response.css('div.viewport div.workspace div.float-box'):
        item = {'producturl': divs.css('a::attr(href)').extract(),
                'imageurl': divs.css('a img::attr(src)').extract(),
                'description' : divs.css('a div.text::text').extract() + divs.css('a span.nowrap::text').extract()}
        next_page = response.urljoin(item['producturl'])

        logging.info(next_page ) # see what it prints in console.

        yield scrapy.Request(next_page, callback=self.parse, meta={'item': item})

Answer 3

    item = {'producturl': divs.css('a::attr(href)').extract(),  # <--- issue here
            'imageurl': divs.css('a img::attr(src)').extract(),
            'description' : divs.css('a div.text::text').extract() + divs.css('a span.nowrap::text').extract()}
    next_page = response.urljoin(item['producturl'])  # <--- here item['producturl'] is a list

要解决此问题，请使用.extract_first('')：

    item = {'producturl': divs.css('a::attr(href)').extract_fist(''),
            'imageurl': divs.css('a img::attr(src)').extract_first(''),
            'description' : divs.css('a div.text::text').extract() + divs.css('a span.nowrap::text').extract()}
    next_page = response.urljoin(item['producturl'])