测试失败，并在Rails 5中创建记录

Question

我正在学校构建一个应用程序，我遇到了这个错误。目前，应用遍历是在rails 4.2.6中启动的，而我运行的是5.0.0.1。

错误是：

Failures:

   1) Post Creation can be created
   Failure/Error: expect(@post).to be_valid
   expected #<Post id: nil, date: "2016-12-20", rationale: "Anything", created_at: nil, updated_at: nil, user_id: nil> to be valid, but got errors: User must exist
   # ./spec/models/post_spec.rb:10:in `block (3 levels) in <top (required)>'

Finished in 0.65569 seconds (files took 2.19 seconds to load)
10 examples, 1 failure

Failed examples:

    rspec ./spec/models/post_spec.rb:9 # Post Creation can be created

我的代码如下。我已经与演练中的repo进行了比较，它与之完美匹配。我遗漏了什么？

require 'rails_helper'

RSpec.describe Post, type: :model do
  describe "Creation" do
    before do
      @post = Post.create(date: Date.today, rationale: "Anything")
    end

    it "can be created" do
      expect(@post).to be_valid
    end

    it "cannot be created without a date and rationale" do
      @post.date = nil
      @post.rationale = nil
      expect(@post).to_not be_valid
    end
  end
end

Answer 1

Rails 5与Rails 4的不同之处在于，当你有一个belongs_to关系时，Rails 5将验证相关的对象，即使你没有添加任何automatically validate the presence。

可能您的Post模型属于某个User。因此，您需要在测试设置中创建一个用户，否则验证将失败：

describe "Creation" do
  before do
    @user = User.create( ... )
    @post = Post.create(date: Date.today, rationale: "Anything", user: @user)
  end

  it "can be created" do
    expect(@post).to be_valid
  end

  it "cannot be created without a date and rationale" do
    @post.date = nil
    @post.rationale = nil
    expect(@post).to_not be_valid
  end
end