从CMSampleBuffer生成UIImage

Question

这与将CMSampleBuffer转换为UIImage的无数问题不同。我只是想知道为什么我不能这样转换它：

CVPixelBufferRef pixelBuffer = (CVPixelBufferRef)CMSampleBufferGetImageBuffer(sampleBuffer);
CIImage * imageFromCoreImageLibrary = [CIImage imageWithCVPixelBuffer: pixelBuffer];
UIImage * imageForUI = [UIImage imageWithCIImage: imageFromCoreImageLibrary];

它似乎简单得多，因为它适用于YCbCr色彩空间，以及RGBA和其他颜色空间。这段代码有什么问题吗？

Answer 1

使用Swift 3和iOS 10 AVCapturePhotoOutput :包括：

import UIKit
import CoreData
import CoreMotion
import AVFoundation

创建用于预览的UIView并将其链接到主类

  @IBOutlet var preview: UIView!

创建此文件以设置摄像头会话(kCVPixelFormatType_32BGRA很重要!!)：

  lazy var cameraSession: AVCaptureSession = {
    let s = AVCaptureSession()
    s.sessionPreset = AVCaptureSessionPresetHigh
    return s
  }()

  lazy var previewLayer: AVCaptureVideoPreviewLayer = {
    let previewl:AVCaptureVideoPreviewLayer =  AVCaptureVideoPreviewLayer(session: self.cameraSession)
    previewl.frame = self.preview.bounds
    return previewl
  }()

  func setupCameraSession() {
    let captureDevice = AVCaptureDevice.defaultDevice(withMediaType: AVMediaTypeVideo) as AVCaptureDevice

    do {
      let deviceInput = try AVCaptureDeviceInput(device: captureDevice)

      cameraSession.beginConfiguration()

      if (cameraSession.canAddInput(deviceInput) == true) {
        cameraSession.addInput(deviceInput)
      }

      let dataOutput = AVCaptureVideoDataOutput()
      dataOutput.videoSettings = [(kCVPixelBufferPixelFormatTypeKey as NSString) : NSNumber(value: **kCVPixelFormatType_32BGRA** as UInt32)]
      dataOutput.alwaysDiscardsLateVideoFrames = true

      if (cameraSession.canAddOutput(dataOutput) == true) {
        cameraSession.addOutput(dataOutput)
      }

      cameraSession.commitConfiguration()

      let queue = DispatchQueue(label: "fr.popigny.videoQueue", attributes: [])
      dataOutput.setSampleBufferDelegate(self, queue: queue)

    }
    catch let error as NSError {
      NSLog("\(error), \(error.localizedDescription)")
    }
  }

在WillAppear中：

  override func viewWillAppear(_ animated: Bool) {
    super.viewWillAppear(animated)
    setupCameraSession()
  }

在“显示”中：

  override func viewDidAppear(_ animated: Bool) {
    super.viewDidAppear(animated)
    preview.layer.addSublayer(previewLayer)
    cameraSession.startRunning()
  }

创建一个函数来捕获输出：

  func captureOutput(_ captureOutput: AVCaptureOutput!, didOutputSampleBuffer sampleBuffer: CMSampleBuffer!, from connection: AVCaptureConnection!) {

    // Here you collect each frame and process it
    let ts:CMTime = CMSampleBufferGetPresentationTimeStamp(sampleBuffer)
    self.mycapturedimage = imageFromSampleBuffer(sampleBuffer: sampleBuffer)
}

以下是将kCVPixelFormatType_32BGRA CMSampleBuffer转换为UIImage的代码。关键内容是bitmapInfo，它必须与32BGRA 32 little对应，并带有premultfirst和alpha信息：

  func imageFromSampleBuffer(sampleBuffer : CMSampleBuffer) -> UIImage
  {
    // Get a CMSampleBuffer's Core Video image buffer for the media data
    let  imageBuffer = CMSampleBufferGetImageBuffer(sampleBuffer);
    // Lock the base address of the pixel buffer
    CVPixelBufferLockBaseAddress(imageBuffer!, CVPixelBufferLockFlags.readOnly);


    // Get the number of bytes per row for the pixel buffer
    let baseAddress = CVPixelBufferGetBaseAddress(imageBuffer!);

    // Get the number of bytes per row for the pixel buffer
    let bytesPerRow = CVPixelBufferGetBytesPerRow(imageBuffer!);
    // Get the pixel buffer width and height
    let width = CVPixelBufferGetWidth(imageBuffer!);
    let height = CVPixelBufferGetHeight(imageBuffer!);

    // Create a device-dependent RGB color space
    let colorSpace = CGColorSpaceCreateDeviceRGB();

    // Create a bitmap graphics context with the sample buffer data
    var bitmapInfo: UInt32 = CGBitmapInfo.byteOrder32Little.rawValue
    bitmapInfo |= CGImageAlphaInfo.premultipliedFirst.rawValue & CGBitmapInfo.alphaInfoMask.rawValue
    //let bitmapInfo: UInt32 = CGBitmapInfo.alphaInfoMask.rawValue
    let context = CGContext.init(data: baseAddress, width: width, height: height, bitsPerComponent: 8, bytesPerRow: bytesPerRow, space: colorSpace, bitmapInfo: bitmapInfo)
    // Create a Quartz image from the pixel data in the bitmap graphics context
    let quartzImage = context?.makeImage();
    // Unlock the pixel buffer
    CVPixelBufferUnlockBaseAddress(imageBuffer!, CVPixelBufferLockFlags.readOnly);

    // Create an image object from the Quartz image
    let image = UIImage.init(cgImage: quartzImage!);

    return (image);
  }

Answer 2

对于JPEG图像：

Swift 4:

let buff: CMSampleBuffer ...            // Have you have CMSampleBuffer 
if let imageData = AVCapturePhotoOutput.jpegPhotoDataRepresentation(forJPEGSampleBuffer: buff, previewPhotoSampleBuffer: nil) {
    let image = UIImage(data: imageData) //  Here you have UIImage
}

Answer 3

使用以下代码从PixelBuffer选项1转换图像：

CIImage *ciImage = [CIImage imageWithCVPixelBuffer:pixelBuffer];

CIContext *context = [CIContext contextWithOptions:nil];
CGImageRef myImage = [context
                         createCGImage:ciImage
                         fromRect:CGRectMake(0, 0,
                                             CVPixelBufferGetWidth(pixelBuffer),
                                             CVPixelBufferGetHeight(pixelBuffer))];

UIImage *uiImage = [UIImage imageWithCGImage:myImage];

选项2：

int w = CVPixelBufferGetWidth(pixelBuffer);
int h = CVPixelBufferGetHeight(pixelBuffer);
int r = CVPixelBufferGetBytesPerRow(pixelBuffer);
int bytesPerPixel = r/w;

unsigned char *buffer = CVPixelBufferGetBaseAddress(pixelBuffer);

UIGraphicsBeginImageContext(CGSizeMake(w, h));

CGContextRef c = UIGraphicsGetCurrentContext();

unsigned char* data = CGBitmapContextGetData(c);
if (data != NULL) {
    int maxY = h;
    for(int y = 0; y<maxY; y++) {
        for(int x = 0; x<w; x++) {
            int offset = bytesPerPixel*((w*y)+x);
            data[offset] = buffer[offset];     // R
            data[offset+1] = buffer[offset+1]; // G
            data[offset+2] = buffer[offset+2]; // B
            data[offset+3] = buffer[offset+3]; // A
        }
    }
}
UIImage *img = UIGraphicsGetImageFromCurrentImageContext();

UIGraphicsEndImageContext();