导出SQL数据库

Question

在phpMyAdmin中，可以选择将整个表(或数据库)导出到.SQL文件中。

我不知道他们是如何做到这一点的--因为我想把它嵌入到CRON作业中，对数据库进行每日和每周的备份。但是似乎没有任何一条命令可以做到这一点--不是吗？

Answer 1

使用mysqldump

  mysqldump -h hostname -u user -pPassword dbname >/path/to/file

如果host是localhost，则host是可选的。根据某些设置，用户和密码可能也是可选的。注意:您可能需要添加日期名称

  mysqldump -h hostname -u root mydb > /path/to/backup/$(date +%a)

Answer 2

您可以使用PHP运行这些命令，将以下代码复制到一个文件中，并使用cron job执行该文件。

<?php

//Backup:

//ENTER THE RELEVANT INFO BELOW
$mysqlDatabaseName ='databasename';
$mysqlUserName ='username';
$mysqlPassword ='password';
$mysqlHostName ='localhost';
//$mysqlExportPath ='database.sql';

$mysqlImportFilename ='myownsit_obsolcms.sql';

//DONT EDIT BELOW THIS LINE
//Export the database and output the status to the page
$command='mysql -h' .$mysqlHostName .' -u' .$mysqlUserName .' -p' .$mysqlPassword .' ' .$mysqlDatabaseName .' < ' .$mysqlImportFilename;
exec($command,$output=array(),$worked);
switch($worked){
    case 0:
        echo 'Import file <b>' .$mysqlImportFilename .'</b> successfully imported to database <b>' .$mysqlDatabaseName .'</b>';
        break;
    case 1:
        echo 'There was an error during import. Please make sure the import file is saved in the same folder as this script and check your values:<br/><br/><table><tr><td>MySQL Database Name:</td><td><b>' .$mysqlDatabaseName .'</b></td></tr><tr><td>MySQL User Name:</td><td><b>' .$mysqlUserName .'</b></td></tr><tr><td>MySQL Password:</td><td><b>NOTSHOWN</b></td></tr><tr><td>MySQL Host Name:</td><td><b>' .$mysqlHostName .'</b></td></tr><tr><td>MySQL Import Filename:</td><td><b>' .$mysqlImportFilename .'</b></td></tr></table>';
        break;
}



//Restore:
$mysqlExportPath ='path_to_file/database.sql';

//DONT EDIT BELOW THIS LINE
//Export the database and output the status to the page
$command='mysqldump --opt -h' .$mysqlHostName .' -u' .$mysqlUserName .' -p' .$mysqlPassword .' ' .$mysqlDatabaseName .' admin contents categires google_map cms_labels news pages page_contents partners photos plugins products social testimonials themes users youtube> ~/' .$mysqlExportPath;
//$command = "$ mysqldump -u $mysqlUserName -p $mysqlPassword $mysqlDatabaseName > myownsit_obsolcms.sql";
exec($command,$output=array(),$worked);
switch($worked){
    case 0:
        //echo 'Database <b>' .$mysqlDatabaseName .'</b> successfully exported to <b>~/' .$mysqlExportPath .'</b>';
        break;
    case 1:
        echo 'There was a warning during the export of <b>' .$mysqlDatabaseName .'</b> to <b>~/' .$mysqlExportPath .'</b>';
        break;
    case 2:
        echo 'There was an error during export. Please check your values:<br/><br/><table><tr><td>MySQL Database Name:</td><td><b>' .$mysqlDatabaseName .'</b></td></tr><tr><td>MySQL User Name:</td><td><b>' .$mysqlUserName .'</b></td></tr><tr><td>MySQL Password:</td><td><b>NOTSHOWN</b></td></tr><tr><td>MySQL Host Name:</td><td><b>' .$mysqlHostName .'</b></td></tr></table>';
        break;
}
?>

Answer 3

是的，mysqldump：http://linuxcommand.org/man_pages/mysqldump1.html

不过，您需要有服务器访问权限才能使用它。此外，如果您喜欢冒险，并且想要保持一致的备份，请查看有关主/从设置的信息。